Evaluasi Pelaksanaan National Slum Upgrading Program (NSUP) (Studi di Kelurahan Campang Jaya Kecamatan Sukabumi Kota Bandar Lampung)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Eka Novita Lestari ◽  
◽  
Yulianto Yulianto ◽  
Ita Prihantika ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slum Upgrading

Permasalahan pemukiman yang kurang terarah, terencana, dan kurang memperhatikan air bersih, sanitasi, pengelolaan sampah, cenderung akan menimbulkan penurunan kualitas lingkungan atau kemudian disebut dengan kawasan kumuh. National Slum Upgrading Program (NSUP) adalah perwujudan agar sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip pemberdayaan masyarakat serta untuk memperkuat peran pemerintah untuk mempercepat penanganan permukiman kumuh di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dalam terciptanya kawasan bebas kumuh di Kota Bandar Lampung, terwujudnya permukiman dan perumahan yang layak huni di Kota Bandar Lampung. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tipe deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data, observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Evaluasi pelaksanaan program NSUP dalam mengatasi kawasan kumuh di Kelurahan Campang Jaya telah dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik. Penanganan kawasan pemukiman kumuh realisasinya dapat memberikan dampak serta manfaat baik bagi masyarakat kelurahan Campang Jaya

Commoning or being commoned? Institutions, politics, and the role of the state in collective housing policy in Bangkok, Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 147309522110373
Author(s):  
Hayden Shelby
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Slum Upgrading ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Collective Housing ◽  
Urban Commons ◽  
Active Promoter

This article theorizes the potential roles of the state in the urban commons through an analysis of a slum upgrading program in Thailand that employs collective forms of land tenure. In examining the transformation of the program from a grassroots movement to a “best practice” policy, the article demonstrates how the state has expanded from mere enabler of the commons to active promoter. In the process, the role of many residents has evolved from actively creating the institutions of collective governance— commoning—to adopting institutions prescribed by the state— being commoned. However, by comparing the work to two different groups of communities who work within the context of the policy, the article illustrates how active commoning can still take place in such contexts.

Integrating Slum Upgrading and Vulnerability Reduction in Mozambique

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Mathias Spaliviero
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Vulnerability Reduction ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Slum Upgrading

Due to its location, Mozambique suffers from cyclical flooding associated with heavy rains and cyclones. In recent years, extreme flood events affected millions of people, disrupting the economic recovery process that followed the peace agreement in 1992. Despite this natural threat, most of the population continues to live in flood prone areas both in rural environment, due to the dependency on agricultural activities, and in urban environment, since unsafe zones are often the only affordable option for new settlers. This paper presents a brief analytical review on different issues related with urban informal settlements, or slums, based on different project activities developed by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) in Mozambique. The aim is to identify applicable strategies to reduce vulnerability in urban slums, where approximately 70 percent of the urban population live. The implemented project activities target different organisational levels in an integrated manner, seeking for active involvement of the Government, local authorities and communities at each implementation stage, from decision-making to practical implementation. They consist of three main components: 1) supporting policy-making in order to ensure sustainable urban development, 2) delivering a comprehensive training and capacity building based on the mainstreaming concept of “Learning How to Live with Floods” as valid alternative to resettlement, and 3) facilitating participatory land use planning coupled with physical upgrading interventions at the local level. In the long-term, the intention of UN-HABITAT is to progressively focus on community-based slum upgrading and vulnerability reduction activities, coordinated by local authorities and actively monitored by central institutions, in improving and managing basic services and infrastructures (i.e. water supply, drainage, sanitation, waste management, road network, etc). This type of bottom-up experiences should then represent a basis for setting up a slum upgrading intervention strategy to be applied at the national level.

Do Slum Upgrading Programs Impact School Attendance?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladimir Zanoni ◽  
Paloma Acevedo ◽  
Diego Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Fuzzy Regression ◽  
School Absences ◽  
Slum Upgrading

This paper analyzes how slum upgrading programs impact elementary school childrens attendance in Uruguay. We take advantage of the eligibility rule that deems slums eligible for a SUP program if they have 40 or more dwelling units. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity estimator, we find that students exposed to SUPs are 17 percent less likely to be at the 90th percentile of the yearly count of school absences. That effect appears to be driven by how SUPs impact girls. These interventions have effects that last for more than five years after their implementation. We discuss some critical urban and education policy implications of our findings.

EFFECTS OF SLUM UPGRADING ON SECURITY MANAGMENT IN SOWETO SLUMS, ROYSAMBU SUB-COUNTY IN NAIROBI, KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-530
Author(s):  
Evans Metobo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Slum Upgrading

This paper uses data collected for an MA Thesis to explore the effects of slum upgrading on security management in Soweto slums, Roysambu sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was guided by three objectives to establish social effect of slum upgrading on security management in Kahawa Soweto slums; to examine the economic effect of slum upgrading on security management in Kahawa Soweto slums; and to establish the challenges of security management in the slum upgrading programme for Kahawa Soweto Slums. The study adopted a descriptive research design and random sampling to select 318 respondents (main respondents) and 10 Key informants (K.I). Questionnaire was the main method of data collection while interview was used to collect data from K.I. Data collected was organized, and systematically interpreted thematically by use of graphs, frequency tables, and percentages. This study established the relationship between slum setting and rise of crime and insecurity in Kahawa Soweto slums in Roysambu sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya with 69.2% of respondents agreeing to this count. According to this study, poor roads, high poverty levels, low education levels, poor spatial designs/environmental design of slum area and housing, absence of police station and poor lighting predisposed the slum dwellers to crime and insecurity. According to this study slum upgrade will reduce crime and insecurity, given that special aspects such as improvement in spatial designs/environmental design of urban areas and housing with enhanced modern lighting will significantly reduce crime in slums by eliminating criminogenic and insecurity risk factors. Additionally, improved economic effects of slum upgrading on slum dwellers would build resilience to crime and insecurity. This includes; Job creation, provision of educational facilities such as vocational training institutes (polytechnics), basic education institutions (primary and secondary schools) as well as other skills enhancement institutions. Community empowerment aimed at income generating activities, construction of police station to provide security to the slum dwellers (77%), and construction of better roads (55.3%) were recommended to reduce crime and improved security management in Kahawa Soweto slums in Roysambu sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya.

scholarly journals Improvement of Community Governance to Support Slum Upgrading in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-358
Author(s):  
Asyrafinafilah Hasanawi ◽  
◽  
Hasanawi Masturi ◽  
Adib Hasanawi
Keyword(s):  
Community Governance ◽  
Slum Upgrading

scholarly journals Strategi Penataan Kawasan Permukiman Kumuh Perkotaan Kampung Bandar Kota Pekanbaru

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Ade Masya Resa ◽  
Zulfan Saam ◽  
Suardi Tarumun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Improvement Strategies ◽  
Slum Upgrading ◽  
And Control ◽  
Infrastructure Services

This study aims to analyze the causes of slum factors and analyze the strategy of slum upgrading in Kampung Bandar. Research has been conducted at Kampung Bandar Slum Area from February 1 February through April 30, 2017. The research method is a desciptive method with descriptive analysis and Analyical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. Primary data were collected through observation and AHP questionnaire instrument. Secondary data were obtained from the relevant department of this research. The analysis shows that the slums of Kampung Bandar are caused by there is no legality of spatial plan, low affordability, lack of optimal regulatory enforcement, and inadequate housing infrastructure services. The Strategy of slum updrading at Kampung Bandar are prevention strategies and quality improvement strategies. Preventive strategies consisting of capacity building, supervision and control, and community empowerment. Quality improvement strategies from: rehabilitation, revitalization, and resettlement.

scholarly journals The Importance of Participation and Inclusion in African Urbanization. A focused look at Transport and Housing Projects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constant Cap ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Water Education ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
The World ◽  
Slum Upgrading

According to the World Bank (2015) Africa’s urbanization rate has surpassed other parts of the world. It is believed that by 2030, over 50% of Africans will reside in Urban Centres. Kenya is among the African counties that has experienced a tremendous increase in her urban population. This is most visible in the capital, the primate city of Nairobi. The growth has led to increased pressure on basic needs like housing, transport, water, education and security. Coupled with unequal economic development and social benefits, the result has been the tremendous expansion of informal sectors across fields. To respond to some of this pressure, the central government has vowed initiate large projects in housing, transport, water and others (Republic of Kenya, 2018). Newly enacted legislation also provides for the establishment of multi-sectoral urban boards to oversee the delivery of some services. Among the major projects coming up include Affordable Housing schemes and Mass Rapid Transport investments such as Bus Rapid Transit and expanded commuter rail systems. However, experience from the past both in Nairobi and other Cities has taught us the importance of inclusion, empathy and participation in such projects. Recent times have shown that public projects tend to ignore these and other key elements leading to massive failure of investment. The paper investigates case studies from similar projects in other parts of Africa, Bus Rapid Transit Projects in Lagos, Dar es Salaam and South African Cities; past Slum Upgrading and Housing Projects in Nairobi and other parts of the continent. The research methods also involve data collection on inclusion and participation from those who are affected directly by these proposed projects as well as the impacts that previous projects have had. The results from the study show that without proper communication and participation there are several misunderstandings on liveable spaces in cities. These include misinterpretations of the challenge’s citizens face, on the intentions of proposed solutions as well as the socioeconomic decision-making process of citizens. The implication of this leaves an unhealthy competition between existing informal ‘structures’ in various sectors against the new government driven proposals. The results are that those meant to benefit end up not being the primary beneficiaries. In conclusion, the role of putting people primarily as the centre objective of planning remains critical and key. For African planners, diverting from this will increase the existing inequalities and lead to further social divisions.

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