Productivity growth on Finnish grain farms from 1976 2006: a parametric approach

In the long term, productivity and especially productivity growth are necessary conditions for the survival of farms and the food industry in Finland. The natural handicap and small farm size are challenges, but farmers are further challenged by the decoupling of supports and their transformation into direct income payments. Additionally, farmers actions are limited by some institutional settings that substantially reduce incentives to improve productivity. Technical progress was found to drive the increase in productivity on grain farms in Finland. The scale had only a moderate effect and for the whole study period (19762006) the effect was close to zero. Total factor productivity (TFP) increased, depending on the model, by 0.61.7% per year. The results demonstrated that the increase in productivity was hindered by the policy changes introduced in 1995. The cumulative increase in TFP over the study period was at the same level as the measured yearly changes in TFP. The results highlight the nature of grain farming in Finland as well as the challenges in simultaneously taking into account the general trend and yearly variation in TFP.;

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Farm Size, Cropping Pattern and Productivity Variation in Punjab: The Analysis of Mansa and Jalandhar Districts

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.24297/ijmit.v3i2.1364 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 22-37

Author(s):

Jagdeep Singh ◽

Hanuman Singh Yadav

Keyword(s):

Productivity Growth ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Rice Cultivation ◽

The Other ◽

Farm Size ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Small Farmers ◽

Minimum Support ◽

Support Price ◽

Increase In Productivity

The present paper analyzes the trend and patterns of farm size, productivity and cropping pattern in districts of Mansa and Jalandhar. The results show that medium and large holdings are increasing in number over the time in both the districts. Increase in size of holdings coupled with other factors like increase in productivity in limited number of crops, minimum support price for wheat and rice as well as higher possibility of use of modern technology in wheat and rice cultivation has lead to wheat rice cycle. The other crops like cotton, maize, potato etc. are more popular among marginal and small farmers. It may be due to easy availability of family labour. Overall, the study points towards specialization in the cropping pattern, stagnation in productivity growth and increasing size of operational holdings.

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Self Service Technologies: A Cause of Unemployment

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽

10.1515/ijek-2016-0005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 60-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cathy-Austin Otekhile ◽

Milan Zeleny

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Productivity Growth ◽

Skilled Workers ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Advanced Economies ◽

Increase In Productivity ◽

Self Service ◽

Fast Rendering ◽

Persistent Unemployment

Abstract The self-service technologies (SSTs) are fast changing the conventional way of transacting business by business organisations. The rapid innovation of self-service technologies and its adoption and usages in all facets of human systems is acclaimed to be fast rendering low skilled workers jobless. The major sectors of the economy in advanced economies have reached their peaks and can no longer provide new employment due to an increase in the productivity growth rate as a result of technology advances. These SSTs have in no small measure brought about an increase in productivity growth rate, cost reduction and anincrease in the speed of service delivery to customers. This paper examines if self-service technologies truly are the cause of persistent unemployment through a study of the long term metamorphosis of the major economic sectors in advanced economies. This study revealed that the SSTs presents both risks and opportunities.

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Self Service Technologies: A Cause Of Unemployment

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽

10.37335/ijek.v4i1.38 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cathy-Austin Otekhile ◽

Milan Zelený

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Productivity Growth ◽

Skilled Workers ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Advanced Economies ◽

Increase In Productivity ◽

Self Service ◽

Fast Rendering ◽

Persistent Unemployment

The self-service technologies(SSTs) are fast changing the conventional way of transacting business by business organisations. The rapid innovation of self-service technologies and its adoption and usages in all facets of human systems is acclaimed to be fast rendering low skilled workers jobless. The major sectors of the economy in advanced economies have reached their peaks and can no longer provide new employment due to an increase in the productivity growth rate as a result of technology advances. These SSTs have in no small measure brought about an increase in productivity growth rate, cost reduction and anincrease in the speed of service delivery to customers. This paper examines if self-service technologies truly are the cause of persistent unemployment through a study of the long term metamorphosis of the major economic sectors in advanced economies. This study revealed that the SSTs presents both risks and opportunities.

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Prospects for the Growth of Labor Productivity in the Transition to Postindustrial Technological Paradigms

Scientific Research and Development Economics ◽

10.12737/2587-9111-2021-9-2-56-59 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 56-59

Author(s):

Leonid Basovskiy

Keyword(s):

Labor Productivity ◽

Productivity Growth ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Sixth Order ◽

Short Term ◽

Economic Dynamics ◽

Russian Economy ◽

Logical Order ◽

Technological Paradigms

The purpose of the work was to determine the value of labor productivity pro-vided by the fourth, fifth and sixth technological modes. Based on the modeling of Kondratyev's cycles and technological structures in the economic dynamics of devel-oped countries, econometric estimates of labor productivity obtained. It has been estab-lished that during the transition from the fourth to the fifth technological order, the growth of labor productivity in developed countries is ensured from 2.0 to 8.0 times, an average of 4.8 times. In the transition from the fourth to the sixth technological order, the growth of labor productivity in developed countries is ensured from 6 to 17 times, an average of 10.1 times. In the transition from the fifth to the sixth order, the techno-logical order provides an increase in the forgiveness of labor from 1.5 to 3.2 times, on average 2.4 times. In the Russian economy, in the short term, with the transition to the fifth technological order, one can expect productivity growth from 2 to 8 times com-pared to the beginning of the 2000s. In the long term, in the Russian economy during the transition to the sixth technological order, one can expect productivity growth from 6 to 17 times compared to the beginning of the 2000s.

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International Legal Sanction Processes

The Oxford Handbook of Legal Studies ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199248179.013.0036 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Jordan Paust

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Institutional Settings ◽

Legal Sanction ◽

Long Term Consequences ◽

The Creation

This article views international legal sanction processes as richly varied and dynamic, involving numerous types of participants, with various sanction objectives, operating in both formal and less formal fora or processes, utilizing various types of resources, with varied effects and long-term consequences. It identifies certain areas of debate and suggests a future scholarly agenda. With that in mind, it is evident that increasing attention to the creation, shaping, and efficacy of international law outside such traditional institutional settings should be part of a future scholarly agenda regardless of one's jurisprudential bias. The discussion covers participants in the sanction process, sanction objectives, formal fora, less formal processes, and more specific sanction strategies or problems.

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Mediators of Estimates of Brief Time Intervals in Elderly Domiciled Males

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.2190/rbyl-67qw-yjn0-elbq ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 211-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

David Licht ◽

John B. Morganti ◽

Milton F. Nehrke ◽

Gary Heiman

Keyword(s):

Production Method ◽

Passage Time ◽

Future Research ◽

Value Of Time ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Time To Death ◽

Institutional Settings ◽

Time Estimates

Conflicting interpretations questioning whether brief intervals of real time are perceived as passing more or less rapidly with increasing age have been reported. Reasons for these inconsistent results lie in semantic confusions, in variations in methodology, and in the effects of other mediating variables. The present study examined relationships between age, value of time over both the short and the long term, perceived time to death, self-perceived activity levels, and estimates of brief time intervals in a sample of older institutionalized males. The production method was used to obtain the estimates of time passage. Time intervals were increasingly underestimated with advancing age, indicating that time units are shorter with increasing age. While a number of other variables were interrelated, the only other factor consistently related to time estimates was the short-term value of time. Implications for future research and for interventions in institutional settings are discussed.

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Efficiency Change, Technological Progress and Sources of Long Term Agricultural Productivity Growth in Selected MENA Countries

American Journal of Industrial and Business Management ◽

10.4236/ajibm.2018.88125 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 08 (08) ◽

pp. 1843-1860

Author(s):

Boubaker Dhehibi ◽

Aymen Frija ◽

Aden Aw-Hassan

Keyword(s):

Productivity Growth ◽

Technological Progress ◽

Agricultural Productivity ◽

Efficiency Change ◽

Mena Countries

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Shifting Legitimation along Information Infrastructures Growth

Computer Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-61350-456-7.ch713 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 1811-1822

Author(s):

Gianluca Miscione

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

National Level ◽

Public Health Care ◽

Distributed Software ◽

The Public ◽

Institutional Settings ◽

Information Infrastructures ◽

Institutional Dimension ◽

Globally Distributed

This chapter addresses the institutional dimension of scaling of information systems through the interplay of globally distributed software development with organizational processes. Through examining various phases of a long term project to implement information systems for the public health care sector in global South countries, I highlight changing sources of acceptance and legitimation. The analysis centers on the balance between local and global levels, from pilot sites, through an emerging broader organizational field, to increasingly involving national level institutional settings. In parallel to the established view of the scaling of ICT implementations as relating to complexity and risk in the form of unintended side-effects of the growth of a system, the chapter highlights the qualitative switch between regulatory contexts. Shifting relations to local institutions means that scalability requires actors to interact with quite different organizational cultures, accountabilities and communicative practices.

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Advancing SME Sustainability

Cases on Small Business Economics and Development During Economic Crises - Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-7657-1.ch008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 159-178

Author(s):

Meng Kui Hu ◽

Daisy Mui Hung Kee

Keyword(s):

Financial Crisis ◽

Global Financial Crisis ◽

Policy Changes ◽

Business Environments ◽

Business Operations ◽

New Business ◽

Spanish Flu ◽

The Global Financial Crisis ◽

The Impact

The world has been struck by multiple crises that crippled the socio-economy of nations in the past. The impact of these crises was so significant that they initiated numerous policy changes worldwide. The radical crises in this context refer to the Spanish flu, the Asian financial crisis, the global financial crisis, and the current COVID-19 pandemic. Due to their small capital structure with limited resources and fragile nature, SMEs were severely impacted by these crises. Many SMEs were forced to close down their business operations. Somehow, the remaining SMEs managed to persist and survive through the crises. Moving forward, SMEs can better prepare for future crises by understanding and learning from the predicaments of these past crises. Consequently, SMEs must also be adaptive to new business environments and responding promptly to crises by realigning their strategies to achieve business sustainability in the long term.

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