scholarly journals The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri inoculation on the aerobic stability and fermentation characteristics of alfalfa-ryegrass, red clover and maize silage

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wambacq ◽  
Joos Pieter Latré ◽  
Geert Haesaert
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Silage Inoculants

Aerobic spoilage of silages occurs frequently and is undesirable because it reduces both its nutritive and hygienic quality. Silage inoculants containing heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria, like Lactobacillus buchneri, have already been proven to improve aerobic stability by augmented production of acetic acid, which inhibits yeasts. In this study, the effect of L. buchneri on fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of alfalfa-ryegrass silage, red clover silage and maize silage was assessed using microsilos. Two dosages, 1×105 and 3×105 cfu g-1 of fresh matter, were compared to untreated control silage. Inoculation with L. buchneri clearly altered the fermentation characteristics of alfalfa-ryegrass and red clover silage, resulting in a significantly higher aerobic stability at both dosages. The effects of L. buchneri inoculation on maize silage were less clear, but nevertheless the aerobic stability of maize silage inoculated with 1×105 cfu g-1 of fresh matter was significantly higher compared to the untreated silage.

scholarly journals The effects of three silage inoculants on aerobic stability in grass, clover-grass, lucerne and maize silages

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jatkauskas ◽  
Vilma Vrotniakiene ◽  
Christer Ohlsson ◽  
Bente Lund
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Silage Inoculants

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants on fermentation and aerobic stability in a variety of crops and dry matter concentrations. The experiments were conducted with lucerne, ryegrass, ryegrass-timothy, red clover-ryegrass and whole crop maize using three additives in laboratory scale conditions. Each treatment and crop was replicated 5 five times when determining the chemical composition and aerobic stability in the silage. The data were statistically analyzed as a randomized complete block by using the GLM procedure of SAS. Additive application reduced pH and formation of butyric acid, alcohols and ammonia-N in all crops compared with the untreated silage (p < 0.05). The use of additives increased the content of lactic acid except heterofermentative LAB in maize with 276 g kg-1 DM and increased the content of acetic acid except homofermentative LAB in ryegrass-timothy and maize with 276 g kg-1 DM compared with the untreated silage (p < 0.05). It was observed that the aerobic stability of silages was improved significantly (p < 0.05) by using homofermentative and heterofermentative LAB inoculants.

scholarly journals Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Different Forages as Silage Inoculants for Improving Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Puntillo ◽  
Mónica Gaggiotti ◽  
Juan Martín Oteiza ◽  
Ana Binetti ◽  
Ariel Massera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Capacity ◽  
Silage Inoculants

We aimed at isolating lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from different plant materials to study their crossed-fermentation capacity in silos and to find strains able to confer enhanced aerobic stability to silage. A total of 129 LAB isolates were obtained from lucerne (alfalfa), maize, sorghum, ryegrass, rice, barley, canola, Gatton panic, Melilotus albus, soy, white clover, wheat, sunflower, oat, and moha. Four Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum strains (isolated from oat, lucerne, sorghum, or maize) were selected for their growth capacity. Identity (16S sequencing) and diversity (RAPD-PCR) were confirmed. Fermentative capacity (inoculated at 104, 105, 106, 107 CFU/g) was studied in maize silage and their cross-fermentation capacity was assessed in oat, lucerne, sorghum, and maize. Heterofermentative strains with the highest acetic acid production capacity conferred higher aerobic stability to maize silages. Regardless the source of isolation, L. plantarum strains, inoculated at a rate of 106 CFU/g, were effective to produce silage from different plant materials. From more than 100 isolates obtained, the application of a succession of experiments allowed us to narrow down the number of potential candidates of silage inoculants to two strains. Based on the studies made, L. plantarum LpM15 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum LfM1 showed potential to be used as inoculants, however further studies are needed to determine their performance when inoculated together. The former because it positively influenced different quality parameters in oat, lucerne, sorghum, and maize silage, and the latter because of its capacity to confer enhanced aerobic stability to maize silage. The rest of the strains constitute a valuable collection of autochthonous strains that will be further studied in the future for new applications in animal or human foods.

scholarly journals Acetic Acid Increases Stability of Silage under Aerobic Conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Danner ◽  
M. Holzer ◽  
E. Mayrhuber ◽  
R. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Acetic Acid Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Aerobic Stability

ABSTRACT The effects of various compounds on the aerobic stability of silages were evaluated. It has been observed that inoculation of whole-crop maize with homofermentative lactic acid bacteria leads to silages which have low stability against aerobic deterioration, while inoculation with heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria, such as Lactobacillus brevis or Lactobacillus buchneri, increases stability. Acetic acid has been proven to be the sole substance responsible for the increased aerobic stability, and this acid acts as an inhibitor of spoilage organisms. Therefore, stability increases exponentially with acetic acid concentration. Only butyric acid has a similar effect. Other compounds, like lactic acid, 1,2-propanediol, and 1-propanol, have been shown to have no effect, while fructose and mannitol reduce stability.

A meta‐analysis examining lactic acid bacteria inoculants for maize silage: Effects on fermentation, aerobic stability, nutritive value and livestock production

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bernardi ◽  
Carla J. Härter ◽  
Antonio W. L. Silva ◽  
Ricardo A. Reis ◽  
Carlos H. S. Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability

scholarly journals Application of some lactic acid bacteria strains to improve fermentation and aerobic stability of maize silage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Judit Peter Szucs ◽  
Agnes Suli ◽  
Timea Suli Zakar ◽  
Elizabet Berecz ◽  
Mate Pek
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant

The object of the trial was to study the effect of some lactic acid bacteria strains on the fermentation and aerobic stability of whole plant maize silages.The whole plant maize raw material was 32% DM, in soft cheddar stage of grain ripeness. It was ensiled in 4.2 litre capacity glass micro-size silos in 5 replicates /each treatment and stored on constant air conditioned room temperature (22 oC) during 95 days. The average packing density of raw material was 211 kg DM/m3.The applied treatments: 1. Untreated control maize, 2. Enterococcus faecium 100,000 CFU/g fresh maize (FM), 3. Lactobacillus plantarum 50,000 CFU/g FM + Enterococcus faecium 50,000 CFU/g FM, 4. Lactococcus lactis 100,000 CFU/g FM, 5. Lactobacillus plantarum 50,000 CFU/g FM + Lactococcus lactis 50,000 CFU/g FM, 6. Lactobacillus plantarum 100,000 CFU/g FM.Aerobic stability study:  Applied Honig (1990 system).The main experiences are the following: Applied lactic acid bacteria strains improved the quality of fermentation of maize in general compare to untreated control one.Lactic acid bacteria strains significantly stimulated lactic acid production and decreased propionic and butyric acid production. The origin of ammonia decreased also under influence of lactic acid bacteria strains in unaerobic conditions.Enterococcus faecium and.Lactococcus lactis are not able to protect the maize silages against the aerobic deterioration with the applied dosage.  Lactobacillus plantarum itself produced the most favourable fermentation characteristics and protected the aerobic stability of silage the most effectively (during 4 day) compare to all other treated maize silages.

scholarly journals Effect of Inoculation with Preactivated Lactobacillus Buchneri and Urea on Fermentative Profile, Aerobic Stability and Nutritive Value in Corn Silage

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Maia dos Santos ◽  
Edson Mauro Santos ◽  
Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo ◽  
Juliana Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Anderson de Moura Zanine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Freeze Dried

The current study aimed to evaluate the application effects of the preactivated Lactobacillus buchneri and urea on the fermentative characteristics, chemical composition and aerobic stability in corn silages. The design was completely randomized, in a 6 × 5 factorial arrangement, with six types of additive and five opening times. The treatments consisted of corn silage; corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant; corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant +1.0% urea; corn silage with activated inoculant; corn silage with activated inoculant +1.0% urea, and corn silage with 1.0% urea. Populations of lactic acid bacteria stabilized at the 70th day, with average values of 8.91 and 9.15 log cfu/g for corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant +1.0% urea and corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant, respectively. In contrast, the silages without additives showed significantly lower values of 7.52 log cfu/g forage at the 70th day. The silages with urea (isolated or associated with the inoculant) increased the total nitrogen content. The maximum temperature values were highest in the corn silages without additives, indicating that these silages were more prone to deterioration. The use of Lactobacillus buchneri activated proved to be more efficient in improving the fermentative profile of corn silages than the freeze-dried inoculant. The use of urea as an additive reduced the losses and improved the nutritional value and aerobic stability of corn silages. Additionally, the combination of Lactobacillus buchneri activated and urea may be used as a technique to improve the fermentative profile, chemical composition and aerobic stability of corn silages.

scholarly journals Ensiling corn silage with different levels of a multi-species lactic acid bacteria inoculant

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
H. Mohammadzadeh ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Aerobic Stability

A multi-species lactic acid bacterial inoculant (Lactisil maize, LM) was applied to whole-crop corn at different maturities in laboratory silos, to evaluate its effects on biochemical characteristics and aerobic stability. The corn crop was harvested at hard dough (HD, 253.1 g/DM kg), one-third milkline (ML, 293.7 g/DM kg) and one-third milkline with a killing frost (MLF, 297.6 g/DM kg). Crops were chopped to a 2.5-cm theoretical cut length, subsampled and treated with two levels of inoculant (LB1 = 1.5 × 105 cfu/g forage, LB2 = 3 × 105 cfu/g forage) or untreated (WO). The chemical composition of MLF crops was very similar to that of ML crops. However, lower (P < 0.01) numbers of lactic acid bacteria and higher numbers of yeast were enumerated in MLF than in ML crops. Higher percentages of DM and neutral detergent fibre and higher pH, but lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein were measured in ML and MLF crops than in HD crops. Application of the inoculant increased (P < 0.01) concentrations of volatile fatty acids, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in silages. Lactic acid concentration increased (P < 0.01) in HD treatments with an increasing level of inoculant. In contrast, the highest (P < 0.01) lactic acid concentration was measured in LB1 treatment compared with WO and LB2 in ML and MLF silages. Silages prepared from ML and MLF crops had higher (P < 0.01) lactic and acetic acid concentrations but lower (P < 0.01) butyric acid concentrations than did those prepared from HD. The pH in LB1 and LB2 silages was higher (P < 0.01) than that measured in WO silages. Aerobic stability was not influenced by inoculant treatment but low-DM silages were more (P < 0.01) resistant to spoilage. Frost-killed corn crops had a good potential to produce well fermented silage. Using LM resulted in silages with slightly higher fermentation products but it failed to improve aerobic stability of silage after 120 days of ensiling. These results indicated that inoculation of corn crops with LM for a short-duration ensilage period cannot enhance aerobic stability of silages due to insufficient acetic acid production from lactic acid conversion.

scholarly journals Effect of 11CFT and 11C33 inoculants on the chemical and fermentation composition, and aerobic stability of corn silage during the feed out period

2021 ◽  
pp. 395-410
Author(s):  
Tânia Mara Becher Ribas ◽  
◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Egon Henrique Horst ◽  
Fernando Braga Cristo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Aerobic Stability

The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of two bacterial inoculants, 11CFT and 11C33, with different genera of lactic acid bacteria on the chemical and fermentation composition of the silage, and the temperature and pH behavior of the silage during the feed out period. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three treatments: corn silage without inoculant (control); corn silage with 11CFT inoculant (consisting of strains of Lactobacillus buchneri and L. casei); and corn silage with 11C33 inoculant (consisting of strains of L. buchneri, L. plantarum and Enterococcus faecium). The use of both inoculants increased the concentration of lactic acid in the silage (22.42 g kg-1 for control against 36.00 and 33.33 g kg-1 for 11CFT and 11C33, respectively) and reduced aerobic dry matter losses. The silage treated with 11C33 obtained a higher concentration of acetic acid (17.44 g kg-1) and propionic acid (2.08 g kg-1). The 11CFT inoculant provided a lower concentration of ethanol, however, without differing from the silage with 11C33 (0.70 and 1.61 g kg-1, respectively). Even without variations in temperature and pH at silage unloading, the use of the 11C33 inoculant generated a higher concentration of acetic and propionic acid, providing better aerobic stability days after unloading. Both inoculants also improved the in situ ruminal digestibility of corn silage compared to control silage. They provide an increase in the content of lactic and propionic acids, which assist to reduce dry matter losses and ethanol production. There were no variations in temperature and pH at the silo unloading, however, the use of the 11C33 inoculant generated a higher concentration of acetic and propionic acids providing better aerobic stability after exposure to air.

scholarly journals Fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Napier grass ensiled with citric acid residue and lactic acid bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Xuxiong Tao ◽  
Chongwen Ji ◽  
Sifan Chen ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Siran Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Quality

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of adding citric acid residue (CAR) with or without lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to Napier grass (Cenchrus purpureus; syn. Pennisetum purpureum) cv. Sumu No. 2 at ensiling on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of the resulting silage. Treatments included: Control (Napier grass forage without additives); and Napier grass inoculated with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum and L. buchneri) at 1 × 106 cfu/gfresh weight (FW) forage (LAB) or 36 g citric acid residue/kg FW forage (CAR) or a mixture of CAR and LAB (CL). Forty-five days after ensiling the silages were tested for chemical and microbial composition and an aerobic stability test was conducted. The addition of CAR with or without LAB increased the DM and lactic acid concentrations in silage and decreased pH plus acetic acid, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), neutral detergent fiber and cellulose concentrations relative to Control. The pH in LAB silage was lower than in Control, while lactic acid concentration was higher. During the first 2 days of aerobic exposure, all additives increased the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and lactic acid concentrations and decreased pH plus NH3-N and acetic acid concentrations. Moreover, CL silages had the highest WSC and the lowest NH3-N and acetic acid concentrations during aerobic exposure. However, all additives failed to improve the aerobic stability of the silage. While CAR with or without LAB inoculant improved the fermentation quality of silage made from Napier grass, more studies are warranted to identify additives which can improve aerobic stability of the silage after opening.

scholarly journals The effect of carbohydrate additive and inoculation on quality of red clover silage

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
B. Dinic ◽  
N. Djordjevic ◽  
D. Terzic ◽  
M. Blagojevic ◽  
J. Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentative Bacteria ◽  
Factorial Trial

In this experiment, wilted masses of red clover of cultivar K-17 from the first cut was ensiled in three treatments: a) no additives, b) with the addition of corn (6% of biomass) and c) with the addition of inoculant BioStabil Plus. The experiment design was according to the method of a completely random plan (single factorial trial) in triplicates. Based on the results it can be concluded that the wilted biomass of red clover can be successfully ensiled without additives. However, the inoculation of red clover biomass achieves the most favourable pH value (4.20), the lowest level of degradation of the protein expressed in the amount of NH3-N (107.7 gkg-1 N), the largest production of lactic acid (91.3 gkg-1 DM) and acetic acid (42.6 gkg-1 DM), in the absence of butyric acid. Adding maize meal in the amount of 6% contributed to somewhat more favourable fermentation and increase of the energy value of silage. When using the DLG and Weissbach methods for assessing the quality of silage, all silages were classified into the first class. Contrary to this, according to the Zelter method, control and inoculated silages were evaluated as class III, because of the large amounts of acetic acid. In practices inoculants based on homo-and hetero-fermentative bacteria of lactic acid fermentation are recommended for use, because the increased production of acetic acid contributes positively to te aerobic stability of silage.

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