scholarly journals Effect of 11CFT and 11C33 inoculants on the chemical and fermentation composition, and aerobic stability of corn silage during the feed out period

2021 ◽  
pp. 395-410
Author(s):  
Tânia Mara Becher Ribas ◽  
◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Egon Henrique Horst ◽  
Fernando Braga Cristo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Aerobic Stability

The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of two bacterial inoculants, 11CFT and 11C33, with different genera of lactic acid bacteria on the chemical and fermentation composition of the silage, and the temperature and pH behavior of the silage during the feed out period. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three treatments: corn silage without inoculant (control); corn silage with 11CFT inoculant (consisting of strains of Lactobacillus buchneri and L. casei); and corn silage with 11C33 inoculant (consisting of strains of L. buchneri, L. plantarum and Enterococcus faecium). The use of both inoculants increased the concentration of lactic acid in the silage (22.42 g kg-1 for control against 36.00 and 33.33 g kg-1 for 11CFT and 11C33, respectively) and reduced aerobic dry matter losses. The silage treated with 11C33 obtained a higher concentration of acetic acid (17.44 g kg-1) and propionic acid (2.08 g kg-1). The 11CFT inoculant provided a lower concentration of ethanol, however, without differing from the silage with 11C33 (0.70 and 1.61 g kg-1, respectively). Even without variations in temperature and pH at silage unloading, the use of the 11C33 inoculant generated a higher concentration of acetic and propionic acid, providing better aerobic stability days after unloading. Both inoculants also improved the in situ ruminal digestibility of corn silage compared to control silage. They provide an increase in the content of lactic and propionic acids, which assist to reduce dry matter losses and ethanol production. There were no variations in temperature and pH at the silo unloading, however, the use of the 11C33 inoculant generated a higher concentration of acetic and propionic acids providing better aerobic stability after exposure to air.

scholarly journals Nutritional composition and aerobic stability of wheat and corn silages stored under different environmental conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Marcos Rogério Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Vinícius Iank Bueno ◽  
Guilherme Fernando Mattos Leão ◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Clóves Cabreira Jobim
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Transgenic Corn ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Profile

We aimed to evaluate nutritional quality, fermentation profile, aerobic stability, and dry matter losses in corn (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum 'BRS Umbu') silages. Treatments included uninoculated and inoculated (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici, 1.0 × 105 UFC g-1) wheat silage, corn silage from a conventional hybrid and a transgenic hybrid. Nutritional quality and fermentation profile variables were tested in a completely randomized design. Means were compared using Tukey’s test at 5% significance. An aerobic stability trial was conducted in a factorial design with two silages (wheat × inoculated wheat; conventional hybrid corn × transgenic hybrid corn) and two temperatures (ambient temperature × controlled temperature at 24°C). Data were submitted to ANOVA and means were analyzed by the F test at 5% probability. Inoculation of wheat silage increased dry matter, organic matter, and total carbohydrates, but reduced crude protein by a dilution effect. Regarding the fermentation profile, inoculation reduced acetic acid and butyric acid content, whereas it increased propionic acid in wheat silage. Bt corn hybrid silage showed higher dry matter and lower neutral detergent fiber, whereas transgenic corn silage showed lower content of acetic acid, propionic acid, alcohol, and ammonia. Conversely, Bt hybrid silage showed higher butyric acid. Transgenic corn silage showed higher temperature than the conventional hybrid silage during aerobic exposure. Inoculated wheat silage experienced larger deterioration and dry matter losses during the aerobic stability trial. Temperature control worsened aerobic stability in all treatments, increasing dry matter losses and heating.

scholarly journals Succession of Microbial Communities of Corn Silage Inoculated with Heterofermentative Lactic Acid Bacteria from Ensiling to Aerobic Exposure

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Hao Guan ◽  
Qifan Ran ◽  
Haiping Li ◽  
Xinquan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant

To further explore the effects of heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on silage fermentation and aerobic stability, whole-plant corn at around the 1/2 milk-line stage was freshly chopped and ensiled in laboratory silos with deionized water (control), Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), or L. rhamnosus (LR). Each treatment was prepared in triplicate for 3, 14, and 60 d of fermentation, followed by 3 and 7 days of aerobic exposure. The dynamic changes in microbial community were studied by single molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. The results showed that the two LAB inoculants altered the microbial communities in different ways. Succession from L. plantarum to L. buchneri and L. rhamnosus was observed in LB- and LR-treated silage, respectively. Both silages improved aerobic stability (82 and 78 h vs. 44 h) by occupying the microbial niche to produce higher levels of acetic acid at terminal fermentation. Because Acetobacter fabarum dominated in the silages after aerobic exposure, beta diversity dramatically decreased. In this study, a. fabarum was reported for the first time in silage and was related to aerobic spoilage. The two heterofermentative LAB produced acetic acid and improved the aerobic stability of the corn silage by occupying the microbial niche at terminal fermentation. Inoculated L. rhamnosus had a greater pH for a longer period of time after opening and less DM loss at day 7.

scholarly journals The effects of three silage inoculants on aerobic stability in grass, clover-grass, lucerne and maize silages

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jatkauskas ◽  
Vilma Vrotniakiene ◽  
Christer Ohlsson ◽  
Bente Lund
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Silage Inoculants

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants on fermentation and aerobic stability in a variety of crops and dry matter concentrations. The experiments were conducted with lucerne, ryegrass, ryegrass-timothy, red clover-ryegrass and whole crop maize using three additives in laboratory scale conditions. Each treatment and crop was replicated 5 five times when determining the chemical composition and aerobic stability in the silage. The data were statistically analyzed as a randomized complete block by using the GLM procedure of SAS. Additive application reduced pH and formation of butyric acid, alcohols and ammonia-N in all crops compared with the untreated silage (p < 0.05). The use of additives increased the content of lactic acid except heterofermentative LAB in maize with 276 g kg-1 DM and increased the content of acetic acid except homofermentative LAB in ryegrass-timothy and maize with 276 g kg-1 DM compared with the untreated silage (p < 0.05). It was observed that the aerobic stability of silages was improved significantly (p < 0.05) by using homofermentative and heterofermentative LAB inoculants.

scholarly journals The effect silage aditives supplementation on dynamic fermentation process, quality and aerobic stability of corn silage

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Václav Pyrochta ◽  
Libor Kalhotka ◽  
Petr Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Quality

In the experiment, the effect of additives supplementation on the fermentation quality of corn silage was examined, compared with the untreated control (K). The aditive „A“ contained bacterial component of (Propionibactrium acidipropionici – MA126/4U 3*1010 and Lactobacillus plantarum – MA18/5U). The effective substances of bacterial inoculants „B“, selected were bacterial strains of (Lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus LC – 705 DSM 7061 4*1011, Propionibacterium freudenreichii spp. shermanii JS DSM 6067 2-4*1011). There were used as effective substances of bacterial inoculants „C“ lactic bacteria and enzyme (Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 3769 1.67*1010, Lactococcus lactis CCM 4754 1.67*1010, Enterococcus faecium CCM 6226 1.67*1010, Pediococcus pentosaceus CCM 3770 1,67*1010, cellulase, hemicellulase, sodium benzoate). They were applied in the dose of prescript by producer. At conservations with all aditivum were statistically significant (P < 0.01) increase of lactic acid formation from 55.31±9.72 g/kg DM of control silage to 59.60±10.84 g/kg DM aditivum „A“, 59.36±10.04 g/ kg DM aditivum „B“ rather to 60.74±9.90 g/kg DM aditivum „C“. Aditives „A“ and „B“ were statistically significant (P < 0.01) increase propoinic acid and total fermentation acid content in silages occured. The fermentation characteristics in the microbial aditivum silages by us were more favourable. The date of fermentation was statistically significant (P < 0.01) increase the contents of acetic acid from 45.49±2.83 g/kg DM of 4st day to 63.07±4.25 g/kg DM of 32ndday rather to 67.70±2.94 g/kg DM of 64st day. There were statistically significant (P < 0.01) increase contents of acetic acid and total acid content. The date of fermentation was statistically significant (P < 0.01) degressive of pH.

scholarly journals Effect of Inoculation with Preactivated Lactobacillus Buchneri and Urea on Fermentative Profile, Aerobic Stability and Nutritive Value in Corn Silage

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Maia dos Santos ◽  
Edson Mauro Santos ◽  
Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo ◽  
Juliana Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Anderson de Moura Zanine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Freeze Dried

The current study aimed to evaluate the application effects of the preactivated Lactobacillus buchneri and urea on the fermentative characteristics, chemical composition and aerobic stability in corn silages. The design was completely randomized, in a 6 × 5 factorial arrangement, with six types of additive and five opening times. The treatments consisted of corn silage; corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant; corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant +1.0% urea; corn silage with activated inoculant; corn silage with activated inoculant +1.0% urea, and corn silage with 1.0% urea. Populations of lactic acid bacteria stabilized at the 70th day, with average values of 8.91 and 9.15 log cfu/g for corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant +1.0% urea and corn silage with freeze-dried inoculant, respectively. In contrast, the silages without additives showed significantly lower values of 7.52 log cfu/g forage at the 70th day. The silages with urea (isolated or associated with the inoculant) increased the total nitrogen content. The maximum temperature values were highest in the corn silages without additives, indicating that these silages were more prone to deterioration. The use of Lactobacillus buchneri activated proved to be more efficient in improving the fermentative profile of corn silages than the freeze-dried inoculant. The use of urea as an additive reduced the losses and improved the nutritional value and aerobic stability of corn silages. Additionally, the combination of Lactobacillus buchneri activated and urea may be used as a technique to improve the fermentative profile, chemical composition and aerobic stability of corn silages.

scholarly journals Treatment of Whole-Plant Corn Silage With Lactic Acid Bacteria and Organic Acid Enhances Quality by Elevating Acid Content, Reducing pH, and Inhibiting Undesirable Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-gui Jiang ◽  
Hai-jian Cheng ◽  
Dong Liu ◽  
Chen Wei ◽  
Wen-juan An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Lactic Acid Content

We investigated the variation in microbial community and fermentation characteristics of whole-plant corn silage after treatment with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and organic acids. The fresh corn forages were treated with a combination of L. acidophilus and L. plantarum (106 CFU/g fresh material) or a 7:1:2 ratio of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid (6 mL/g fresh material) followed by 45 or 90 days of ensiling. Silages treated with LAB showed increased lactic acid content and decreased pH after 45 days. Although treatment with LAB or organic acids decreased the common and unique operational taxonomic units, indicating a reduction in microbial diversity, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was elevated after 45 and 90 days compared with control, which was more distinct in the organic acid groups. Moreover, we found higher levels of acetic acid and increased abundance of Acetobacter in silages treated with organic acids whereas undesirable microorganisms such as Klebsiella, Paenibacillus, and Enterobacter were reduced. In summary, the quality of corn silages was improved by LAB or organic acid treatment in which LAB more effectively enhanced lactic acid content and reduced pH while organic acid inhibited the growth of undesirable microorganisms.

The effect of bacterial inoculants on kikuyu silage quality

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Figueiredo ◽  
J. P. Marais
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Lactic Acid Content ◽  
Kikuyu Grass ◽  
Silage Quality

SUMMARYTwo commercial bacterial inoculants (Lacto-flora and Ecosyl) were added to kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) at ensiling, in 1985 and 1988 respectively, at Cedara, South Africa, using laboratory silos. In 1985 (Expt 1), Lacto-flora was added on its own and in combination with the enzymes Celluclast or SP249. In 1988 (Expt 2), Ecosyl was added on its own and in combination with molasses, at two levels of addition.The addition of Lacto-flora alone did not significantly increase the lactic acid bacteria or the lactic acid content of the treated silage. However, treated silage contained 53·6% less iso-butyric acid and 53·7% less ammonia than the control silage. Kikuyu silage supplemented with a combination of Lacto-flora and Celluclast or SP249 had higher numbers of lactic acid bacteria at ensiling (0·231 × 108/ml) than the control silage or silage receiving Lacto-flora alone. However, only silage supplemented with the combination of Lacto-flora and Celluclast had a significantly higher lactic acid content (2·23 compared with 0·04, 0·18 and 0·13% DM for the control silage, silages with Lactoflora and with a combination of Lacto-flora +SP249, respectively). Nevertheless, this silage contained 19·78% more acetic than lactic acid.Silage supplemented with Ecosyl on its own did not differ significantly in digestibility, loss of dry matter, ammonia, total non-structural carbohydrates, lactic acid and crude protein, from the untreated silage. A significant decrease in silage pH (from 5·08 to 4·70) was observed when Ecosyl was added together with molasses at the higher level of addition only. However, no other benefit was obtained by the addition of Ecosyl in combination with molasses.

scholarly journals Ensiling corn silage with different levels of a multi-species lactic acid bacteria inoculant

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
H. Mohammadzadeh ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Aerobic Stability

A multi-species lactic acid bacterial inoculant (Lactisil maize, LM) was applied to whole-crop corn at different maturities in laboratory silos, to evaluate its effects on biochemical characteristics and aerobic stability. The corn crop was harvested at hard dough (HD, 253.1 g/DM kg), one-third milkline (ML, 293.7 g/DM kg) and one-third milkline with a killing frost (MLF, 297.6 g/DM kg). Crops were chopped to a 2.5-cm theoretical cut length, subsampled and treated with two levels of inoculant (LB1 = 1.5 × 105 cfu/g forage, LB2 = 3 × 105 cfu/g forage) or untreated (WO). The chemical composition of MLF crops was very similar to that of ML crops. However, lower (P < 0.01) numbers of lactic acid bacteria and higher numbers of yeast were enumerated in MLF than in ML crops. Higher percentages of DM and neutral detergent fibre and higher pH, but lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein were measured in ML and MLF crops than in HD crops. Application of the inoculant increased (P < 0.01) concentrations of volatile fatty acids, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in silages. Lactic acid concentration increased (P < 0.01) in HD treatments with an increasing level of inoculant. In contrast, the highest (P < 0.01) lactic acid concentration was measured in LB1 treatment compared with WO and LB2 in ML and MLF silages. Silages prepared from ML and MLF crops had higher (P < 0.01) lactic and acetic acid concentrations but lower (P < 0.01) butyric acid concentrations than did those prepared from HD. The pH in LB1 and LB2 silages was higher (P < 0.01) than that measured in WO silages. Aerobic stability was not influenced by inoculant treatment but low-DM silages were more (P < 0.01) resistant to spoilage. Frost-killed corn crops had a good potential to produce well fermented silage. Using LM resulted in silages with slightly higher fermentation products but it failed to improve aerobic stability of silage after 120 days of ensiling. These results indicated that inoculation of corn crops with LM for a short-duration ensilage period cannot enhance aerobic stability of silages due to insufficient acetic acid production from lactic acid conversion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document