scholarly journals Winterhardiness of some winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), rye (Secale cereale), triticale (x Triticosecale) and winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars tested at six locations in Finland

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Hömmö ◽  
Seppo Pulli
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Snow Mould ◽  
Wintering Conditions ◽  
Different Origins

The winterhardiness of 24 winter wheat, 13 rye, 5 triticale and 11 winter barley varieties of different origins was tested at six locations in Finland in 1989-1992. The survival ability of the cultivars, their resistance to snow mould (Microdochium nivale) and the correlations between these traits and the growth habit and growth stage were determined. The trials were grouped on the basis of variety ranking, and the differences between the varieties within each group were studied by the analysis of variance. Statistically highly significant differences between varieties were found in all cases. The wintering conditions during the trials were very variable, and this brought about differences in the ranking of cultivars in different trials. In most cases the genotypic-environmental interactions could be explained by the different genetic systems controlling the tolerance to various winter stresses and changes in their intensity.

Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Growth Stage Effect on Paraquat Bioactivity

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-441
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson ◽  
David C. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Biomass Reduction

Paraquat was applied at 0.28 and 0.56 kg ai ha-1to winter wheat at five growth stages at 0800, 1300, and 1600 hr to determine whether growth stage or time of application influenced winter wheat response to paraquat. Paraquat bioactivity was affected by growth stage. Biomass reduction by paraquat was 84% when winter wheat was in the 1 to 3 leaf stage, but only 68% when application was delayed until tillering. Paraquat bioactivity continued to decrease at later growth stages. The time of day when paraquat was applied did not affect its bioactivity on winter wheat.

Genetic studies on the resistance of winter wheat to speckled snow mould

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rioux ◽  
C. A. St-Pierre ◽  
L. Couture
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Typhula Ishikariensis ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Snow Mould ◽  
Snow Mould Resistance

Speckled snow mould (caused by Typhula ishikariensis) is a potential threat to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in eastern Canada. Information on the inheritance of snow mould resistance is needed to develop an effective breeding strategy. In this study, the inheritance of resistance to the speckled snow mould was examined using crosses of a resistant genotype, PI 173438, and four susceptible cultivars, Lennox, Kitami-2, Norin-8 and Ena. The parental lines, and the F1 and F2 populations from each of the four crosses were grown in the field and in an unheated plastic greenhouse and scored for snow mould resistance. Biomass yield, survival, plant height and number of tillers/plant, all expressed as percentage of check plants, were used as indices of snow mould resistance. Generation means analysis, combining data from the field and greenhouse experiments, indicated that snow mould resistance was largely influenced by environmental conditions, and that additive genetic effects were more important than epistatic effects in controlling the expression of the disease. Dominance effects oriented towards susceptibility were detected in only one of the four crosses. Estimates of broad sense heritability in the four F2 populations ranged from 0.62 to 0.96 and from 0.34 to 0.79, respectively, when biomass yield and number of tillers/plant were used as indices of snow mould resistance. When plant height was used as an index of snow mould resistance, the heritability estimates ranged from 0.10 to 0.53. Key words: Wheat (winter), Triticum aestivum, speckled snow mould, Typhula ishikariensis, heritability

scholarly journals Variation Characteristics in Growth Stages of Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) And Prediction Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 737-746
Author(s):  
Weili Wang ◽  
Xuhui Zhang ◽  
Zhaotang Shang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Variation Characteristics

The variation characteristics of growth stages of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with the climate change were measured by designing its stability and prediction model. Results showed the trend of stability of growth stage of winter wheat in Jiangsu province of China was an S-shaped curve indicating the growth of winter wheat was more stable in late stage. The lengths of early and late stages of growth were in inverse proportion. Specifically, when the early stage was prolonged, the late stage was shortened, which ensured the relative stability of the length of growth stage. The length of growth stage was correlated with the meteorological conditions. Thus, favorable meteorological conditions contributed to the stability of growth stages of winter wheat. Along with the climate change, the basic statistical characteristics of growth stage remained stable. Each stage drifted moderately under the variation of meteorological conditions, typically during the stage of vegetative growth. The growth process can be regulated by means of variety improvement, adjustment of sowing time and density, reasonable fertilization, and the use of growth regulators. These measures are able to counteract the influences of climate change on winter wheat production and ensure the production security. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 737-746, 2021 (September) Special

The effect of light on development of the rosette growth habit of winter wheat

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Light Supply ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Effect Of Light

Young plants of the cold-hardy winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) Kharkov 22 MC did not develop atypical prostrate or rosette growth habit unless light supply exceeded 350 klux∙h∙day−1. Prostrate habit developed under both short (10-h) and long (16-h or 24-h) photoperiods. Under a given photoperiod, expression of this trait intensified as light intensities increased. This finding was demonstrated in both field and growth-cabinet experiments. The degree of development of the rosette growth habit may be assessed by plotting plant height against plant age. Plants that develop typical rosettes decline in height when the rosettes develop whereas plants that remain erect show a continuous increase in height.

Production and meiotic pairing behaviour of new hybrids of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) × winter barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1045-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Molnár-Láng ◽  
G Linc ◽  
A Logojan ◽  
J Sutka
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Arm

New winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) × winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) hybrids produced using cultivated varieties (wheat 'Martonvásári 9 kr1'(Mv9 kr1) × barley 'Igri', Mv9 kr1 × 'Osnova', 'Asakazekomugi' × 'Manas') were multiplied in tissue culture because of the high degree of sterility and then pollinated with wheat to obtain backcross progenies. Meiotic analysis of the hybrids Mv9 kr1 × 'Igri' and 'Asakazekomugi' × 'Manas' and their in vitro regenerated progenies with the Feulgen method revealed 1.59 chromosome arm associations per cell in both initial hybrids. The number of chromosome arm associations increased after in vitro culture to 4.72 and 2.67, respectively, in the two combinations. According to the genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis, wheat-barley chromosome arm associations made up 3.6% of the total in the initial Mv9 kr1 × 'Igri' hybrid and 6.6% and 16.5% of the total in in vitro regenerated progenies of the 'Asakazekomugi' × 'Manas' and Mv9 kr1 × 'Igri' hybrids, respectively. The demonstration by GISH of wheat-barley chromosome pairing in the hybrids and especially in their in vitro regenerated progenies proves the possibility of producing recombinants between these two genera, and thus of transferring useful characters from barley into wheat. In vitro conditions caused an increase in chromosome arm association frequency in both combinations and in fertility in some regenerants.Key words: wheat, barley, intergeneric hybridization, meiotic chromosome pairing, GISH.

Factors Influencing Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Injury from Sulfonylurea Herbicides

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Ferreira ◽  
Thomas K. Baker ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Cultivar Selection

Field experiments were conducted to determine factors that predispose winter wheat to injury by sulfonylurea herbicides. Wheat was injured occasionally when herbicides were applied postemergence in November or when tank mixed with malathion. CGA 131036 at 28 or 56 g ha-1was less injurious than chlorsulfuron or DPX-G8311 at 26 or 53 g ha-1, and preemergence treatments of chlorsulfuron and DPX-G8311 were less injurious than preplant incorporated or postemergence treatments. Wheat growth stage, minimum post-treatment daily temperature, and summed diurnal temperature fluctuations after treatment and after first post-treatment rainfall were correlated with wheat injury. Grazing and cultivar selection did not affect injury.

Abscisic acid- and cold-induced thaumatin-like protein in winter wheat has an antifungal activity against snow mould, Microdochium nivale

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikako Kuwabara ◽  
Daisuke Takezawa ◽  
Takiko Shimada ◽  
Tatsurou Hamada ◽  
Seizo Fujikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Snow Mould
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