scholarly journals Morphology, Prevalence and Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with Diseased Betel Vine (Piper betle L.) in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Zakaria Masud ◽  
Md. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Abdullah All Imtiaz ◽  
Tahsin Labiba ◽  
Md. Raziur Rahman Raihan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Phytophthora Parasitica ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Leaf Rot

Three different fungal diseases were found prevalent namely leaf spot, leaf rot, and foot and root rot of betel vine at five different upazillas of five districts in Bangladesh. Phytophthora parasitica causing leaf rot, Colletotrichum piperis causing leaf spot, and Sclerotium rolfsii causing foot and root rot have been found. The highest incidence (41.60 per cent) and severity (21.86 per cent) of leaf rot disease were recorded at Mohanpur upazilla during the period of August. Minimum incidence (4.24 per cent) of leaf rot was recorded at Kaligong upazilla while minimum severity (2.83 per cent) was recorded at Gouronadi upazilla. The highest incidence of disease (57.44 per cent) and severity of disease (28.32 per cent) of betel vine leaf spot were recorded at same locations and same period of time as per leaf rot disease. Minimum incidence (8.32 per cent) and severity (2.72 per cent) of disease were recorded at Sitakundo upazilla during the period of May. In August at Gouranadi upazilla, highest incidence of disease (27.80 per cent) was filed in case of betel vine foot and root rot while the lowest incidence (6.00 per cent) of disease was reported at Sitakundo upazilla. Lesion sizes were varied in ranging 1.4-2.3 cm in diameter while isolates collected from Mohanpur showed highest pathogenicity caused by Phytophthora parasitica produced lesion 2.3 cm and lowest pathogenicity was recorded by Sclerotium rolfsii produced lesion 1.4 cm isolates collected from Mirpur and Mohanpur. In respects of locations and survey period, it was revealed that betel vine leaf rot and leaf spot were prevalent in Mohanpur upazilla during the month of August under Rajshahi district, and betel vine foot and root rot in Gouronadi upazilla under Barisal district.

scholarly journals Studies on the Epidemiology of Leaf Rot and Leaf Spot Diseases of Betel Vine (Piper Betle L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Huq
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Meteorological Factor ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Key Words Epidemiology ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
June July ◽  
Leaf Rot

The experiment was conducted in an established pan betel vine crop field (Pan boroj). The disease data were recorded for 12 months. The incidence of leaf rot was observed in the month of June, July and August. The peak infection was noted in the second week of August, 2002 when the average temperature, relative humidly and rainfall were 29.60°C, 94.6% and 13.4mm respectively. The incidence of leaf spot was observed during months of March, April and May. But gradually infection reached maximum when average temperature, relative humidly and rainfall parameters were 26.7°C, 88.3% and 19.4mm respectively. The meteorological factor which had greatly influenced initiation of leaf spot was less favourable for leaf rot disease. Key words: Epidemiology; Betel vine; Leaf spot; Leaf rot diseases DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9601 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 519-522

scholarly journals Evaluation of plant extracts, fungicides, bio-agent and soil amendments against foot and root rot disease of betelvine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii under field condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-677
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
FM Aminuzzaman ◽  
A Latif ◽  
S Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Clove Extract ◽  
Rot Disease

The studies were carried out on the management of foot and root rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. of betelvine (Piper betle L.) during April, 2017 to April, 2018 in a betelvine orchard (baroj) in the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. There were 10 treatments, namely Provax 200, Tilt 250 EC, Score 250 EC, Pencozeb 80 WP, Garlic clove extract, Allamanda leaf extract, Poultry waste, Vermi-compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Control. The in-vivo evatuation, plant was inoculated by S. rolfsii after six month of plantation. The evaluation revealed that the lowest disease incidence of 8.33% was found in Provax 200 whereas the highest disease incidence of 91.67 was recorded under the untreated control treatment. The maximum of 90.91% reduction in disease incidence over control was found under Provax 200, which was significantly higher compared to all other treatments. Among the treatments, Provax 200 was noted as the most effective fungicide followed by Score 250 EC. The highest yield (7.57 t/ha) at 120 days after inoculation was found in case of Provax 200 which was 330.1% increased over untreated control. Stem and soil treated with Provax 200 including spraying at 3 days after inoculation, then sprayed at 7 days’ intervals minimized disease incidence and increased yield. Among the eco-friendly approach, Garlic clove extract, Trichoderma harzianum and soil amended with Vermi-compost also showed better performance in controlling foot and root rot disease of betelvine as compared to control. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 669-677, December 2019

First report of Sclerotium rolfsii (=Athelia rolfsii) associated with root rot and leaf spot on clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivannegowda Mahadevakumar ◽  
Yelandur Somaraju Deepika ◽  
Kandikere Ramaiah Sridhar ◽  
Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh ◽  
Nanjaiah Lakshmidevi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
First Report ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Athelia Rolfsii

scholarly journals Changes in crop canopy architecture on the incidence of major foliar diseases of betelvine (Piper betle L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
The Journal of Applied Horticulture
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Leaf Rot

Betel vine (Piper betle L.) is a perennial dioecious creeper-belonging to the family Piperaceae usually grown under artificially erected structural known as baroj that provides high moist and humid conditions favouring several diseases that in turn are major deterrents to good harvest. Betelvine suffers from many root and aerial diseases of which leaf rot caused by Phytophthora parasitica (Dastur) and leaf spot caused by Colletotrichum capsici Syd. (Butler and Bisby) are most important and are included in these studies for assessment. The extent of losses may vary from 20-40% for leaf rot and 10-20% for leaf spot, leading to almost total crop failure (Dasgupta and Sen, 1999). As the betel leaf is directly chewed immediately after harvest, it is not feasible to apply any pesticides that may cause toxic hazards to human being. An experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2013 and 2014) to study the effect of different crop canopy by maintaining three different plant to plant spacing (viz. 11.1 cm. 9.53 cm. and 8.3 cm.) on leaf yield, disease incidence and keeping quality (days to 50% rotting) of betelvine. With the above plant to plant spacing and standard row to row spacing (60cm), the plant population was maintained as 1.50,1.75 and 2.00 lakh ha’1. The results revealed that when crop canopy was increased by reducing the plant to plant spacing from 11.1 cm to 8.3 cm there were significant increases in both the diseases under investigation (rot disease 19.76% to 22.30%; leafspot disease 22.68% to 25.42%). Significant increase in yield (26.29 to 33.63 lakh ha’‘year*1), decrease in fresh weight of 100 leaves (460.85g to 432.35g) and decrease in keeping quality of leaves (13.14 days to 10.28 days) were recorded when crop canopy was increased by reduction in plant to plant spacing from 11.1 cm to 8.3 cm. From these results it can be concluded that shifts in microclimate resulting from increase in canopy by reducing the plant spacing aggravated the spread and infection of disease.

scholarly journals Sclerotium rolfsii, Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang pada Hippeastrum sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Antok Wahyu Sektiono ◽  
Syamsuddin Djauhari ◽  
Putri Devinta Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Range Test

Sclerotium rolfsii, a the Causal Agent of Stem Rot Disease on Hippeastrum sp.Symptoms of stem rot that cause Hippeastrum sp. or red lily wither, leaves turn yellow, and eventually die found at Mangliawan Village, District of Pakis, Malang - East Java. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogens that cause root rot disease on lily plants and find out their host range. Sclerotium from the symptomatic base of the plant was isolated on potato dextrose agar medium. Fungus was identified based on the morphological characteristics of the colonies and mycelium. Host range test of pathogen was carried out by manual inoculation on Rain lily (Zephyranthes) St. Bernard's lily (Chlorophytum) and Beach Spider lily (Hymenocallis). The results of the identification showed that the fungus had white mycelium and formed sclerotium. Sclerotium is irregularly rounded, white when young, and dark brown when ripe, and forms 10 days after incubation. In hyphae, there are branching, septa, and clam connections. Based on the morphological characteristics of the disease the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. In the host range test, the fungus was able to infect rain lilies and paris lilies, but not in spider lilies. This is the first report of S. rolfsii infection in lily in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Fungicides and Bio-Agents against Sclerotium rolfsii and Foot and Root Rot Disease of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nuray Alam Siddique ◽  
Abu Noman Faruq Ahmmed ◽  
Md. Golam Hasan Mazumder ◽  
M O Khaiyam ◽  
Md. Rafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Adjacent Soil ◽  
Rot Disease

Two experiments were conducted in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications to evaluate the efficacy of some fungicides and bio-agents against foot and root rot of eggplant. Ten treatments including five fungicides, two plant extracts, one poultry manure and an antagonist were evaluated against the disease and its causal agent. Fungicides and plant extracts were sprayed at the base of each plant and adjacent soil at 40, 50 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Poultry manure and bio-agent were applied to the soil before transplanting. The highest reduction of mycelium growth (74.44 %) and sclerotia production (77.13 %) were recorded in Bavistin 50 WP by poison food technique. Topgan 50 WP and Ridomil Gold also had similar effects. The lowest incidence (7.10 %) of foot rot was observed in Bavistin 50 WP at 120 DAT that was similar with Topgan 50 WP and Ridomil Gold. The lowest disease severity (stem lesion area)  was also found in each of Bavistin 50 WP (0.71 cm) and Topgan 50 WP which resulted in  higher yield (18.07 ton/ha). Application of bio-agent (Trichoderma harzianum) also showed promising effect against foot and root rot disease. Bavistin 50 WP is therefore recommended for controlling the foot and root rot of eggplant.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 92-97

scholarly journals Management of cauliflower seedling disease (Sclerotium rolfsii) in seedbed with different substrate based Trichoderma harzianum Bio-fungicides

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-620
Author(s):  
MI Faruk ◽  
ML Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Efficacy of rice bran, wheat bran, grass pea bran and their combinations with or without mustard oilcake (MOC) were tested as substrate of Trichoderma harzianum based bio-fungicides for the management of foot and root rot disease of cauliflower caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in the seedbed during three consecutive growing seasons from 2011 through 2014 in the net house of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur. The seedbed soil was inoculated with pathogen S. rolfsii colonized on barley grain before treatment with T. harzianum based bio-fungicides. The results of three years trial revealed that T. harzianum based bio-fungicides effectively reduced pre-emergence and post-emergence mortality of cauliflower seedling in seedbed. Besides, vegetative growth of cauliflower seedlings viz. shoot length, shoot weight, root length and root weight were enhanced significantly by different substrates based T. harzianum bio-fungicides in S. rolfsii sick seedbed. The substrates rice bran, wheat bran, grass pea bran and their combination with mustard oilcake (MOC) were equally suitable for effective formulation of T. harzianum bio-fungicides against foot and root rot disease of cauliflower in seedbed.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 609-620, December 2017

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