The Lessons of the Three Forcible Ukrainizations of Little Russia (1917 – 1919, 1920s – Beginning of 1930s, 2014 – 2019)
The article is devoted to the research and author’s interpretation of the three attempts to forcibly Ukrainize Little Russia, namely in the revolutionary period 1917 – 1919, in the period of Stalin reign in the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s of the 20th century and also in the period of 2014 – 2019 during Peter Poroshenko’s presidency. All the attempts were accompanied by several competing “Ukraine projects” formed at the early stages of the experiments with the Ukrainian state system caused by the collapse of the Russian Empire. Using the contemporary material the author shows that the competence of those projects still continues nowadays and the idea of national Ukrainian statehood has failed to become real and remains just the declaration of the Ukrainian intelligentsia. The author draws corresponding parallels with the events in Belarus and considers Belorussian intelligentsia the main driving force of the separatist sentiments towards Russia, when the basic mass of the population does not support the nationalistic idea like the population of the Ukraine in the previous years.