scholarly journals Sharia Board of Islamic Banks and the Attitude of Fatwa Shopping

IKONOMIKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204
Author(s):  
Auwal Salisu (Universiti Sains Malaysia) ◽  
Shereeza Mohamad Saniff (Universiti Sains Malaysia) ◽  
Shahir Akram Hassan (Universiti Sains Malaysia)
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Current System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Near Future

Fatwa shopping attitude is a process of searching Sharia opinions from different Sharia scholars for suitable and convenient Fatwa to suit the need of bank managers (BMs) even at the minimum level of Sharia compliance. This research was conducted to identify the Sharia Board Members (SBMs) and the new attitude of Fatwa shopping within the supervisory and advisory mandate. The objectives of this study are to identify the mandate of SBMs of IBs and to review the attitude of Fatwa shopping within the advisory and supervisory mandate. Data was collected by way of documentary review method of existing literatures, narrative analysis as well as conceptual approach of analysis. The study gathered that both SBMs and BMs have different objectives when assessing new products which create disagreement of objectives at the strategic level. The study concluded that the leniency in issuing Fatwa ruling might lead SBMs to exercise the attitude of Fatwa shopping or easily compromise toward BMs objectives. A situation of this kind has resulted many challenges toward Sharia complaint, then the products approved by SBMs which have been alleged as non-compliant to Sharia. The findings of this paper can be recommended for regulators, policy makers of Islamic banks and the body of knowledge of researchers for positive use of conceptualizing the current system to suit core component of Islamic Fatwa framework (IFF) in which the attitude of Fatwa shopping would be matter of history in near future.

Sharia Compliant in Private Zakat Institutions of Riau

2020 ◽  
pp. 429-442
Author(s):  
Devi Megawati
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
The Body ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
Primary Reference

This study aims to understand the role of Sharia Supervisors in the private Zakat Institution (LAZ) as well as other aspects of sharia compliance, such as Zakat fatwa on the perspective of Zakat officers. According to Decree of the Minister of Religion Number 333 / 2015 that LAZ as register must have a sharia supervisor. Sharia compliance of an institution could rely on the role of the sharia supervisory board (SSB). Some literature discussing this topic is still dominated study on Islamic financial institutions (IFIs), especially in Islamic Banks. Therefore this article will contribute to the body of knowledge, especially in the zakat literature. Data were gathered from five presiding officers of private zakat institutions in one province in Indonesia which consists of three presiding officers from provincial LAZ representative and two presiding officers from LAZ district. The study found that Sharia compliance in LAZ had many weaknesses such as lack of sharia control by sharia supervisors, a member of the sharia supervisory board who does not follow the latest issues about Zakat or the absence of competency requirements to be a sharia supervisor at LAZ and also did not make Zakat fatwa issued by MUI as the primary reference by zakat officer. This information will be useful for stakeholders, including supervisory authorities and regulators.

scholarly journals Mobile Government Adoption Model Based on Combining GAM and UTAUT to Explain Factors According to Adoption of Mobile Government Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Amin Almaiah ◽  
Ahmad Al-Khasawneh ◽  
Ahmad Althunibat ◽  
Saleh Khawatreh
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Adoption Model

<p class="Default">This research examines the mobile-government services adoption, by combining both UTAUT and GAM models with adding new constructs for explaining the key factors that affect on adoption of mobile-government services. As a result, the study identified the critical factors that influence users’ to adopt the system, and developed an integrated model as a powerful tool that assists in the adoption process of mobile-government applications. The novelty of this research will be an added value to the body of knowledge and its implications will be vital for researchers and decision/policy makers who are willing to make a change.</p>

Exploring Graduate Entrepreneurship

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Hannon ◽  
Lorna A. Collins ◽  
Alison J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Uk Higher Education ◽  
Graduate Entrepreneurship

There is a strong interest in knowledge-based economies in increasing the levels of graduate entrepreneurship. The role of higher education in this context is crucial in enhancing the motivation and capability of graduates to engage in entrepreneurial activity. However, traditional pedagogical approaches in business and management as applied to entrepreneurship education may be limiting the opportunities for students to develop entrepreneurial skills, knowledge and behaviour. If the need for increased levels of graduate entrepreneurship is to be met, it is important to develop more innovative and entrepreneurial approaches. Shifting the underpinning paradigm to one derived from a humanist philosophy suggests a co-learning approach in which both learner and educator participate in the learning process. This paper highlights the need for innovation in the supply of entrepreneurship education in UK higher education institutions to enhance graduate entrepreneurship. The authors reflect on and examine the experience of piloting a collaborative co-learning approach to entrepreneurship education that engages university students from a range of disciplines, local entrepreneurs and educators in the learning and development process. Finally, they explore the challenge that embedding such an approach poses to the development of entrepreneurship education in UK HEIs. The paper adds to the body of knowledge in the area of graduate entrepreneurship and raises important issues for policy makers, practitioners, educators and entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Financial Inclusion and the Trade-Growth Nexus: Evidence from the Emerging Zimbabwean Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6A) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Maune
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Trade Growth

This study examined the effect of financial inclusion in the trade-growth nexus in Zimbabwe using time series data collected from the World Bank databases from 1980 to 2016. The study precisely examined whether financial inclusion is a passage within which trade openness impacts growth in Zimbabwe. Also examined was the complementarity effect of financial inclusion and trade openness on growth. The effect of financial inclusion and trade openness on growth has received much attention from researchers across the globe and literature is awash with theoretical and empirical evidence of such studies. What is yet to be examined is whether financial inclusion is a passage within which trade openness influences growth. The study finds a negative significant effect of financial inclusion and trade openness on growth in Zimbabwe. Moreover, the findings show a complementary, strong and positive nexus linking financial inclusion and trade openness on growth in Zimbabwe. Policy-makers are, however, implored to formulate policies meant to deepen financial inclusion in order to enhance growth through trade openness. The article will help expand the academic knowledge and as such contribute in filling the gap that exists within the body of knowledge. The article is important to policy-makers, the academia, private sector and researchers at large.

scholarly journals Model of Absorptive Capacity and Implementation of New Technology for Rural Construction SMEs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernawati Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Roger Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Rural Construction

Absorptive capacity has been acknowledged as a critical component for organisations to sustain, grow and compete in their markets. Many researchers have used the concept of absorptive capacity in their analysis at different levels: individual, organisation, industry and country. However, most of the studies focus on very large organisations with sophisticated structures and strong R&D orientation. Very few studies address the theory of absorptive capacity in the context of SME organisations. This paper presents part of the findings of research that investigated absorptive capacity in the context of Malaysian rural construction SMEs. The aim of this paper is to prescribe a model of absorptive capacity for rural construction SMEs. The model is based on validation drawn from five case studies of construction SMEs operating in the rural area in Malaysia. The developed model serves two functions: Firstly, to help rural construction SMEs to understand the issues and process related to absorptive capacity and the implementation, and use of, new technology; secondly, to provide a mechanism for policy makers to transfer new technology to rural contractors. This research contributes to the body of knowledge of absorptive capacity by highlighting issues related to absorptive capacity and implementation of new technology in the context of rural SMEs. Keywords: Absorptive Capacity, Malaysia, Rural Construction, Small and medium sized enterprise (SME).

scholarly journals Drivers of Customer Loyalty towards Islamic Subsidiary Banks in the Northern States of Peninsular Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Maria Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mona Fairuz Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Research Outcome

It is undeniable that customer loyalty contributes to the sustainability and success of the banking industry. With the intense competition in the industry, banks are now trying to retain their customers with the aim to increase their revenues. As there are disagreements among the variables that influence customer loyalty, this study examined the relationships between perceived value, image, satisfaction and loyalty in an integrative model. Analysis was done on data collected from 139 bank customers in the northern states of Peninsular Malaysia using Partial Least Squares. The results of the study revealed that perceived value and bank image led customers to experience greater satisfaction, resulting in customers to be more loyal to their banks. The research outcome contributes to the body of knowledge by integrating the four variables into one model and by testing the model in the banking industry. The findings from this study may assist bank managers to formulate strategies to increase their revenues through customer loyalty.    

Highly Attractive Models in Advertising: What Causes Negative Affect?

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hoang Sinh
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Programs ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Individual Difference Variables ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Advertising Skepticism

Highly attractive models (HAMs) have been popularly used in advertising to impact psychologically on the message receiver in the hopes of increasing the advertisement’s effectiveness. The marketing literature is replete with evidence of the positive effects of using HAMs. However, support for their effectiveness is somewhat conflicted. The research attempts to add to the body of knowledge, specifically through exploring individual difference variables (model characteristics, product types, comparison motives, and culture) impact on negative affect. This study also investigates whether advertising skepticism determined by culture has an impact on negative affect as a result of a HAM comparison. The methodology uses a 3 (beauty types) x 2 (product types) x 2 (comparison motives) between-subjects experimental design. Respondents for the main study are female students across cultures from international programs and universities in Vietnam. The results supported all hypotheses; except product types shown having no impact on negative affect. The research also confirmed there are interrelationships between culture and skepticism. These findings have implications regarding the potentially negative influence of advertising including HAMs for practitioners, academics and public policy makers.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Future Orientation and Financial Literacy on Personal Financial Management Practices among Generation Y in Malaysia: The Moderating Role of Gender

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rudy Ansar ◽  
Mohd Rahimie Abd Karim ◽  
Zaiton Osman ◽  
Muhamad Shameer Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Generation Y ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Moderating Role

This paper investigated the relationship between future orientation and financial literacy toward personal financial management practices among Generation Y in Malaysia, particularly amongst those who were born between 1981 and 2001 coming from Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Johor, and Penang. A total of 146 valid questionnaires were used for the analysis carried out in this paper. Data was analyzed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The outcomes displayed that future orientation and financial literacy have significantly positive effect on personal financial management practices. Nonetheless, gender does not have a moderating role between financial literacy and future orientation on personal financial management practices among Generation Y in Malaysia. The study’s outputs may serve as guidelines by the Malaysian government agencies and policy makers, apart from extending the body of knowledge to shed some light on personal financial management practices. The findings of the study also offer an alternative approach in addressing the escalating bankruptcy issues faced by Generation Y in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Influence of Cognitive Image on Tourist Loyalty: A Study of Foreign Tourists Visiting Tirana City

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Irisi Kasapi ◽  
Ines Nurja
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Image Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper attempts to shed light on the concepts of cognitive and affective image and investigate the effects of destination image on tourist loyalty, though one of the aforementioned aspects of destination image. Data was collected using the convenience sampling method. After a review of the most crucial places where foreign visitors could turn into during their stay in Tirana, there were identified a few attractive interception points. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses constructed. SPSS 20.0 statistical package was employed in this particular study for the descriptive analysis of the sample, while LISREL 9.30 was used for structural equation modelling. The results of the study showed that cognitive image had a direct and significant influence on affective image, explaining in this way the formation process of the destination image concept. Moreover, when examining the relationship between destination image and tourist loyalty it was found out that cognitive image had a direct influence on tourist loyalty. The results of the study prove to be beneficial both at an empirical and practical level. As a matter of fact, it does not only provide insightful information for tourism operators and policy-makers, but it also contributes in the body of knowledge of the country where the study takes place.

scholarly journals Community gardening in Stockholm: participation, driving forces and the role of the municipality

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Bonow ◽  
Maria Normark
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
The Body ◽  
Community Gardening ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Instrumental Approach ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The City

AbstractThe paper reports on a study of community gardening in Stockholm. We contribute to the body of knowledge about the sustainability of community gardens and this new form of citizen-led initiatives in Stockholm, with the ambition of creating a debate about the best way to sustain and develop these initiatives in Sweden. We argue that although community gardening may provide leverage for means of developing a sustainable city, it is a marginal phenomenon and contributes little to sustainable development its present form. Through interviews we have investigated how the citizens and municipality officers of Stockholm try to adapt to the renewed interest in community gardening by looking at the policy makers’, municipality officers’ and grassroots movements’ incentives to start community gardens. We specifically focus on how the community gardeners articulate their reasons for participating in collaborative initiatives in the city and how these expectations evolve when they are faced with the reality of gardening and the problems relating to producing food in the city. We have found that there are a growing number of citizens and local authorities advocating community gardening, but the sustainability and endurance of gardens are hampered by vague responsibilities, lack of leadership and unclear expectations of the outcome. Community gardening cases in Stockholm contribute to the debate by exemplifying how formal (e.g. policy making) and informal advocacy (e.g. civic engagement in community gardening) groups are collaborating, but also showing that they often have different agendas and initial motivations for setting up new gardens. We argue that uncritical enthusiasm results in an overly instrumental approach to governance of community gardening and that the sustainability and endurance of the community gardening is not an issue that the governing bodies plan for, and hence it is forgotten. We suggest some routes forward, involving employing facilitators from various stakeholders such as the municipality, housing companies and various NGOs.

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