Metastatic osteoblastic osteosarcoma in a captive scarlet macaw (Ara macao)

Osteosarcoma is a malignant primary tumor of the bone, which is considered rare in birds. This report describes an osteoblastic osteosarcoma in a scarlet macaw (Ara macao), which was apathetic with progressive weight loss, and had a tumor in the distal portion of the femur and proximal tibiotarsus with ulcerated pododermatitis in the contralateral limb. Euthanasia was elected due to poor diagnosis after radiographic and cytological examination. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed and confirmed the diagnosis of an osteoblastic osteosarcoma with hepatic and pulmonary metastases.

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Induction of pulmonary metastases in both immune and nonimmune mice: Effect of the removal of a transplanted primary tumor

Cancer ◽

10.1002/cncr.2820360918 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 2042-2047 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Hilda Wexler ◽

Paul B. Chretien ◽

Alfred S. Ketcham ◽

William F. Sindelar

Keyword(s):

Primary Tumor ◽

Pulmonary Metastases

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Prevalence of paratuberculosis infection in sheep

Veterinarski glasnik ◽

10.2298/vetgl1404165v ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 68 (3-4) ◽

pp. 165-174

Author(s):

Branka Vidic ◽

Zivoslav Grgic ◽

Milovan Jovicin ◽

Zoran Rasic ◽

Sara Savic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Positive Finding ◽

Clinical Form ◽

Control Programs ◽

Progressive Weight Loss ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽

Positive Results

Paratuberculosis is an incurable chronic disease of ruminants, which is manifested with clinical signs of diarrhea and progressive weight loss. Causative agent is Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and the disiase occurs in cattle, sheep and goats. The outspread of paratuberculosis is huge in the whole world, especially in the countries where animal breeding is a developed branch of economy. Animals get infected with food and water contaminated with feces of infected animals. The infection spreads within infected pastures and also when trading animals with latent infection. Clinical manifestation of the disease can firstly be noticed in young categories of sheep, which is different than in cattle. Primary clinical symptom is chronic weight loss. It is rather hard to determine the level of prevalence of the disease, in a certain region, because the diagnostic procedure is complex and not always reliable enough. Detection of antibodies with ELISA test is considered a method of choice for diagnostic of paratuberculosis, because of fast gaining of the results and relatively low price of the test. By applying the ELISA test, we have analysed 2000 sheep blood samples. Positive results for paratuberculosis were found in 66 ( 3,30%) animals in total. In sheep samples from southern Backa region, positive findings were gained from 42 (3,89%) samples, and in Srem region, positive finding were found in samples from 24 sheep (2,60%). Control programs are based on the removal of all infected animals, application of general preventive measures and vaccination. Application of vaccination aims for elimination of clinical form of the disease. An effective treatment has not been determined so far.

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Scanning electron microscopic study on the tongue in the scarlet macaw (Ara macao)

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica ◽

10.2535/ofaj.89.57 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 89 (3) ◽

pp. 57-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Shoichi EMURA ◽

Toshihiko OKUMURA ◽

Huayue CHEN

Keyword(s):

Microscopic Study ◽

Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽

Ara Macao ◽

Scarlet Macaw ◽

Scanning Electron

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Chronic Haemolytic Anemia and Splenomegaly in a Patient with an Isolated Adrenocorticotropin Deficiency

Clinical medicine Endocrinology and diabetes ◽

10.4137/cmed.s406 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. CMED.S406

Author(s):

Rania Abdel-Muneem Ahmed ◽

Koji Murao ◽

Hitomi Imachi ◽

Noriko Kitanaka ◽

Tomie Muraoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

General Malaise ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Adrenocortical Insufficiency ◽

Progressive Weight Loss ◽

Haemolytic Anemia

Herein we describe a case of a 56-years old patient presented with general malaise, anorexia and progressive weight loss for about 5years associated recently with diarrhoea and repeated syncopal attacks for 1month. On admission, he had splenomegaly and his laboratory studies showed macrocytic hyperchromic haemolytic anemia [Hb = 9.4g/dl] and a significant hyponatremia [Na+ = 111mmol/l]. Endocrinological evaluation revealed an isolated adrenocorticotropin deficiency (IAD) with a manifest hypoaldosteronism. On treatment with cortisone, both anemia and hyponatremia (but not splenomegaly) were markedly improved. Our case may represent an evidence for the pathogenesis of erythropoietic dysfunction in patients of adrenocortical insufficiency.

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Pulmonary metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Study of 58 cases with implications for the primary tumor treatment

Cancer ◽

10.1002/1097-0142(19840215)53:4<982::aid-cncr2820530427>3.0.co;2-e ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 982-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 176

Author(s):

Jean-Pierre Massin ◽

Jean-Claude Savoie ◽

Henri Garnier ◽

Gérard Guiraudon ◽

Françoise A. Leger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Primary Tumor ◽

Pulmonary Metastases ◽

Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Tumor Treatment

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Genetic analysis reveals strong phylogeographical divergences within the Scarlet Macaw Ara macao

Ibis ◽

10.1111/ibi.12760 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 162 (3) ◽

pp. 735-748

Author(s):

Kari L. Schmidt ◽

Matthew L. Aardema ◽

George Amato

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Ara Macao ◽

Scarlet Macaw

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Antiviral and myocyte protective effects of murine interferon-β and -α2in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis and epicarditis in Balb/c mice

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00154.2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 293 (1) ◽

pp. H69-H76 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Yi-Xin Wang ◽

Valdeci da Cunha ◽

Jon Vincelette ◽

Kathy White ◽

Sharlene Velichko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Viral Load ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Coxsackievirus B3 ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Inflammatory Infiltration ◽

Differential Host ◽

Progressive Weight Loss ◽

Myocyte Damage

The present study tested the hypothesis that murine (m)IFN-β or mIFN-α2can eliminate cardiac viral load and protect cardiomyocytes from injury in animals infected with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). CVB3-inoculated male Balb/c mice exhibited signs of illness, including lethargy, progressive weight loss, and death (10% on day 3 and 100% on day 8). Cardiac viral load was high [4,277 ± 1,009 plaque-forming units and 25 ± 5 copies CVB3/hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 mRNA] on day 4. The cardiac tissue exhibited severe inflammatory infiltration and myocyte damage with an average myocarditis integrated pathology score of 2.1 ± 0.2 on day 7. Most of the mice infected with CVB3 also developed epicarditis, and 55% had intraventricular thrombi present. Treatment with mIFN-β [2.5 to 10 million international units (MIU)/kg] dose-dependently improved the general health status in CVB3-inoculated mice, as evidenced by reduction in weight loss, prevention of death, elimination of cardiac viral load, protection of myocytes from injury, decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration, and attenuation of intraventricular thrombus formation. Treatment with 10 MIU/kg mIFN-α2resulted in a similar level of efficacy as that induced by 5 MIU/kg mIFN-β, with the exception that mIFN-α2did not reduce cardiac CVB3 mRNA. However, mIFN-α2, but not any dose group of mIFN-β, significantly attenuated CVB3-induced epicarditis. These data demonstrate antiviral effects for both mIFN-β and mIFN-α2, which lead to protection of the mice from CVB3-induced myocarditis. However, the potential mechanisms leading to a differential host response for the two isoforms of mIFN remain to be elucidated.

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