scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic: The deadly respiratory disease of 21st century

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-18
Author(s):  
Shweta Jain ◽  
◽  
Pankaj Kumar Jain ◽  
Ramakant Yadav ◽  
Surendra Kumar Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

The sudden outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated from Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 causes severe respiratory illness and becomes a major threat for humanity. Recently the entire scientist, researchers and physicians all over the countries focused to find the treatment of this pandemic disease. Numerous drugs and or vaccines have been trialed for prevention and treatment against 2019-nCoV but no therapy has been shown effective to date. Currently, numerous vaccines are under clinical investigation and mRNA-1273 vaccine (LNP- encapsulated mRNA vaccine encoding S protein) from Moderna is ahead. Although chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir and many other drugs had recommended against SARS-CoV-2, but still they are not the guarantee treatment of COVID-19. Recently, India, America, Russia and China introduced vaccines against COVID-19 in the market, however assurance of their 100% effectiveness are doubtful. The speed of daily new cases threatens the world and urges the scientist to crack this pandemic condition. KEYWORDS: 2019-nCoV; Chloroquine; COVID-19; Moderna; Respiratory disease; Remdesivir.

scholarly journals Does the novel coronavirus 2019 like heart more than the other family members of coronaviruses?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mostafa Ansari Ramandi ◽  
Mohammadreza Baay ◽  
Nasim Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

The disaster due to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around the world has made investigators enthusiastic about working on different aspects of COVID-19. However, although the pandemic of COVID-19 has not yet ended, it seems that COVID-19 compared to the other coronavirus infections (the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome [MERS] and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome [SARS]) is more likely to target the heart. Comparing the previous presentations of the coronavirus family and the recent cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 can also help in predicting possible future challenges and taking measures to tackle these issues.

Tri-primer-enhanced strand exchange amplification combined with rapid lateral flow fluorescent immunoassay to detect SARS-CoV-2

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Zhuang ◽  
Jiansen Gong ◽  
Ming Ma ◽  
Yongxin Ji ◽  
Peilong Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Strand Exchange ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been surging rapidly around the world, which exposes humanity to unprecedented economic, social and...

scholarly journals Coronavirus Pandemic: a major public health crisis for the developed and developing world

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 366-369
Author(s):  
Rooh Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Suleman Rana ◽  
Mehmood Qadir ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Niaz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Day By Day

Pandemic of novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in China is now become global public health crisis. At present 87.64% of the world is infected by this deadly illness. The risk from this epidemic depends on the nature of the virus, including how well it transmits from person to person, and the complications resulting from this current illness. The novel coronavirus has killed thousands of people in China and other countries as well; its rate of mortality is increasing day by day. There is an urgent need to control the virus by developing vaccine or any other antiviral drugs to save the world from this deadly viral infection.

scholarly journals How to Face COVID-19 in Ophthalmology Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Pei ◽  
Xinwei Jiao ◽  
Dingli Lu ◽  
Di Qi ◽  
Shenzhen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
International Community ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: The novel coronavirus pneumonia has attracted considerable attention from the international community. With the spread of outbreaks around the world, the WHO characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. Methods: Relevant studies in PubMed were searched from January 1, 2020 to April 12, 2020, using the following search strategy: (“novel coronavirus pneumonia” OR “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” OR “coronavirus disease 2019” OR “COVID-19” OR “novel coronavirus pneumonia”) AND (“ophthalmology” OR “ophthalmologist” OR “eye” OR “conjunctiva” OR “conjunctivitis” OR “corneal” OR “keratitis”). Results: SARS-CoV-2 can spread through aerosol and is detected in tears of patients with COVID-19 infection. Notably, some infected patients had conjunctivitis, and conjunctivitis was the first symptom in some patients later diagnosed to have COVID-19 infection. This would increase the risk for ophthalmologists through inpatient consultations or regular clinical practice. When dealing with seemingly regular ophthalmic patients, the vigilance of ophthalmologists and associated staff tends to be reduced. Conclusion: Ophthalmologists must continuously update their knowledge regarding COVID-19 and take effective measures to prevent COVID-19 transmission.

scholarly journals Genomic epidemiology of the first epidemic wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouar Qutob ◽  
Zaidoun Salah ◽  
Damien Richard ◽  
Hisham Darwish ◽  
Husam Sallam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Genomic Epidemiology ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Epidemic Wave

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, continues to cause a significant public-health burden and disruption globally. Genomic epidemiology approaches point to most countries in the world having experienced many independent introductions of SARS-CoV-2 during the early stages of the pandemic. However, this situation may change with local lockdown policies and restrictions on travel, leading to the emergence of more geographically structured viral populations and lineages transmitting locally. Here, we report the first SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Palestine sampled from early March 2020, when the first cases were observed, through to August of 2020. SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Palestine fall across the diversity of the global phylogeny, consistent with at least nine independent introductions into the region. We identify one locally predominant lineage in circulation represented by 50 Palestinian SARS-CoV-2, grouping with genomes generated from Israel and the UK. We estimate the age of introduction of this lineage to 05/02/2020 (16/01/2020–19/02/2020), suggesting SARS-CoV-2 was already in circulation in Palestine predating its first detection in Bethlehem in early March. Our work highlights the value of ongoing genomic surveillance and monitoring to reconstruct the epidemiology of COVID-19 at both local and global scales.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 in Mexico and the Potential Impact of Lifting Confinement Across Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristy Leonor Azanza Ricardo ◽  
Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
The World ◽  
High Death ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has paralyzed our societies, leading to self-isolation and quarantine for several days. As the 10th most populated country in the world, Mexico is on a major threat by COVID-19 due to the limitations of intensive care capacities, about 1.5 hospital beds for every 1,000 citizens. In this paper, we characterize the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico and projected different scenarios to evaluate sharp or gradual quarantine lifting strategies. Mexican government relaxed strict social distancing regulations on June 1, 2020, deriving to pandemic data with large fluctuations and uncertainties of the tendency of the pandemic in Mexico. Our results suggest that lifting social confinement must be gradually sparse while maintaining a decentralized region strategy among the Mexican states. To substantially lower the number of infections, simulations highlight that a fraction of the population that represents the elderly should remain in social confinement (approximately 11.3% of the population); a fraction of the population that represents the confined working class (roughly 27% of the population) must gradually return in at least four parts in consecutive months; and to the last a fraction of the population that assumes the return of students to schools (about 21.7%). As the epidemic progresses, deconfinement strategies need to be continuously re-adjusting with the new pandemic data. All mathematical models, including ours, are only a possibility of many of the future, however, the different scenarios that were developed here highlight that a gradual decentralized region deconfinement with a significant increase in healthcare capacities is paramount to avoid a high death toll in Mexico.

scholarly journals Year of the Mask; COVID-19 Challenges for Orthopaedic Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evert Smith
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
The World ◽  
Respiratory Physician ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

As a response to the viral pneumonias and severe illnesses that were emerging in patients, an ophthalmologist November 2019 a novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, Hubei, China Dr Li Wenliang, working at Wuhan Central Hospital, voiced his concerns only to be severely admonished by the authorities. The accelerated spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Wuhan, and then globally, as a result of the novel coronavirus was acute and pronounced. China alerted the World Health Organisation to several pneumonia cases at the end of December 2019 and the first death was recorded in early January 2020. The respiratory physician Dr Nanshan Zhong, announced human-to-human spread and a few days later on the 23 January 2020, Wuhan was placed under quarantine. The virus spread outside China and the WHO declared the outbreak a global health emergency on 30 January 2020. Tragically Dr Li Wenliang died on 7 February 2020 as a result of exposure to the virus, leaving a five-year-old son and a pregnant wife.

scholarly journals Point-of-Care RNA-Based Diagnostic Device for COVID-19

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Yung-Chih Wang ◽  
Ching-Fen Shen ◽  
Chao-Min Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diagnostic Device ◽  
Fast Spreading ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a fast-spreading respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported in Wuhan, China and has now affected over 123 countries globally [...]

scholarly journals A comprehensive review on epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the novel coronavirus syndrome – COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Kulvinder Kochar Kaur ◽  
◽  
Gautam Allahbadia ◽  
Mandeep Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

Since the outbreak of the novel Coronavirus in December 2019 in Wuhan China, this novel Coronavirus disease(COVID-19) has spread worldwide taking not only epidemic proportions but with its rapid spread world health organization(WHO) was forced to declare it as a pandemic. The Severe Acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus (CoV2) virus is responsible for clusters of severe respiratory illness that simulates acute respiratory syndrome that was what was initially. It is thought although that it is equivalent to the high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE), showing glass ground opacities in lungs. More experience is getting acquired with changes in treatment approaches from PEEP to avoid intubation and just ensure oxygen levels maintained. Human to human transmission through droplets, contaminated hands as well as surfaces, has been revealed with an incubation period varying from 2-14 days. Early diagnosis using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or computed tomography (CT) scan chest, quarantine, as well as supportive treatment are necessary for getting a cure. In this review we have tried to analyze the epidemiology, diagnosis, isolation, and treatment, including antiviral drugs like remdesivir, favipiravir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and ivermectin. With 3 successful cases of convalescent plasma achieved in USA, trials going on in India along with vaccines are also detailed in this article.

scholarly journals Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus, in a patient transferred to the United Kingdom from the Middle East, September 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bermingham ◽  
M A Chand ◽  
C S Brown ◽  
E Aarons ◽  
C Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

Coronaviruses have the potential to cause severe transmissible human disease, as demonstrated by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak of 2003. We describe here the clinical and virological features of a novel coronavirus infection causing severe respiratory illness in a patient transferred to London, United Kingdom, from the Gulf region of the Middle East.

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