scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and chronic disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP Rao ◽  
S Dai ◽  
R Lagacé ◽  
M Krewski
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Incidence Estimate ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Relevant Risk Factor ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey

Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of risk markers that appear to promote the development of chronic disease. We examined the burden of MetS in Canada through its current and projected association with chronic disease. Methods We used measures from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2007–2009 to identify the prevalence of MetS in Canadian adults and examine associations between sociodemographic factors and major chronic diseases. We estimated the projected cumulative incidence of diabetes and percent risk of a fatal cardiovascular event using the Diabetes Population Risk Tool (DPoRT) and Framingham algorithms. Results After adjusting for age, we found that 14.9% of Canadian adults had MetS. Rates were similar in both sexes, but higher in those who are non-Caucasian or overweight or obese (p $lt; .001 for all three). The importance of MetS for public health was demonstrated by its significant association with chronic disease relative to the general population, particularly for diagnosed (11.2% vs. 3.4%) and undiagnosed (6.0% vs. 1.1%) type 2 diabetes. The ten-year incidence estimate for diabetes and mean percent risk of a fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) event were higher in those with MetS compared to those without (18.0% vs. 7.1% for diabetes, and 4.1% vs. 0.8% for CVD). Conclusion MetS is prevalent in Canadian adults and a high proportion of individuals with MetS have diagnosed or undiagnosed chronic conditions. Projection estimates for the incidence of chronic disease associated with MetS demonstrate higher rates in individuals with this condition. Thus, MetS may be a relevant risk factor in the development of chronic disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors in Canadian children and adolescents: Canadian Health Measures Survey Cycle 1 (2007–2009) and Cycle 2 (2009–2011)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MacPherson ◽  
M. de Groh ◽  
L. Loukine ◽  
D. Prud'homme ◽  
L. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey

Introduction We investigated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors, and the influence of socioeconomic status, in Canadian children and adolescents. Methods Canadian Health Measures Survey cycle 1 (2007–2009) and cycle 2 (2009–2011) respondents aged 10 to 18 years who provided fasting blood samples were included (n = 1228). The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) consensus definition for children and adolescents (10–15 years) and worldwide adult definition (≥ 16 years) were used to diagnose MetS. Prevalence of MetS and its risk factors were calculated and differences by socioeconomic status were examined using χ2 tests. Results The prevalence of MetS was 2.1%. One-third 37.7%) of participants had at least one risk factor, with the most prevalent being abdominal obesity (21.6%), low HDL-C (19.1%) and elevated triglyceride levels (7.9%). This combination of abdominal obesity, low HDL-C and elevated triglyceride levels accounted for 61.5% of MetS cases. Participants from households with the highest income adequacy and educational attainment levels had the lowest prevalence of one or more MetS risk factors, abdominal obesity and low HDL-C. Conclusion The prevalence of MetS (2.1%) was lower than previously reported in Canada (3.5%) and the USA (4.2%¬–9.2%), potentially due to the strict application of the IDF criteria for studying MetS. One-third of Canadian children and adolescents have at least one risk factor for MetS. Given that the risk for MetS increases with age, these prevalence estimates, coupled with a national obesity prevalence of almost 10% among youth, point to a growing risk of MetS and other chronic diseases for Canadian youth.

scholarly journals Device-Assessed Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Canadians with Chronic Disease(s): Findings from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Hains-Monfette ◽  
Sarah Atoui ◽  
Kelsey Needham Dancause ◽  
Paquito Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors (SB) are major determinants of quality of life in adults with one or more chronic disease(s). The aim of this study is to compare objectively measured physical activity and SB in a representative sample of Canadian adults with and without chronic disease(s). The Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) (2007–2013) was used in this study. Daily time spent in physical activities and sedentary behaviors were assessed by an accelerometer in Canadians aged 35–79 years. Data are characterized as daily mean time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), steps accumulated per day and SB. Chronic diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, heart diseases, cancer) were assessed via self-report diagnostic or laboratory data. Weighted multivariable analyses of covariance comparing physical activity and SB variables among adults without and with chronic disease(s) were conducted; 6270 participants were included. Analyses indicated that 23.9%, 4.9% and 0.5% had one, two, and three or more chronic diseases. Adults with two and more chronic diseases had significantly lower daily duration of MVPA and LPA, daily step counts, and higher daily duration of SB compared to adults without chronic diseases. Interventions targeting physical activity improvement and SB reduction might be beneficial for Canadian multimorbid adults.

scholarly journals Arsenic exposure and type 2 diabetes: results from the 2007–2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Feseke ◽  
J St-Laurent ◽  
E Anassour-Sidi ◽  
P Ayotte ◽  
M Bouchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey

Introduction Inorganic arsenic and its metabolites are considered dangerous to human health. Although several studies have reported associations between low-level arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus in the United States and Mexico, this association has not been studied in the Canadian population. We evaluated the association between arsenic exposure, as measured by total arsenic concentration in urine, and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 3151 adult participants in Cycle 1 (2007–2009) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS). Methods All participants were tested to determine blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Urine analysis was also performed to measure total arsenic. In addition, participants answered a detailed questionnaire about their lifestyle and medical history. We assessed the association between urinary arsenic levels and T2D and prediabetes using multivariate logistic regression while adjusting for potential confounders. Results Total urinary arsenic concentration was positively associated with the prevalence of T2D and prediabetes: adjusted odds ratios were 1.81 (95% CI: 1.12–2.95) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.03–4.05), respectively, when comparing the highest (fourth) urinary arsenic concentration quartile with the lowest (first) quartile. Total urinary arsenic was also associated with glycated hemoglobin levels in people with untreated diabetes. Conclusion We found significant associations between arsenic exposure and the prevalence of T2D and prediabetes in the Canadian population. Causal inference is limited due to the cross-sectional design of the study and the absence of long-term exposure assessment.

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