scholarly journals Effect of sucrose and mannitol on Ajmalicine production from leaves induced callus of Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Emad H. Jassim ◽  
Sami K. M. Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment on the effect of sucrose and mannitol on leave induced callus of Catharanthus roseus was conducted from February 2011 to May 2012. Callus induction was achieved by culturing leaves of the plant on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D and 1mg / L Kin, The best medium to maintain callus was on MS medium modified with 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg / L Kin. when different levels were added to MS medium for each Mannitol 0, 6000 ,8000 ,10000 mg /L and Sucrose 40, 60 ,80, 100 g /L in split experimental and control treatment was MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose. The results showed that medium supplemented with 100 gL of sucrose gave the highest quantity of Ajmalicine 32.27 µg/100 mg fresh weight of callus,as well as medium supplemented with 8000 mgL of Mannitol gave the highest value of Ajmalicine 120.19 µg/100 mg fresh weight of callus. The concentrations of Ajmalicine, derived from the leaves of the plants grown in pot, were lowest than the concentrations produced by the callus grown in vitro it was 0.047 µg/100 fresh weight of the leaves.

scholarly journals Influence of L-Tryptophan and salicylic acid on secondary metabolites production from leaves induced callus of Catharanthus roseus L.G.Don in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Emad H. Jassim ◽  
Sami K. M. Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Metabolites Production ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was conducted to steady the effect of L-Tryptophan and salicylic acid on callus induced on leaf explants of Catharanthus roseus. Callus induction was achieved by culturing true leaves of the plant on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D and 1mg / L Kin. The best medium to maintain callus was MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg / L Kin. Different levels added to MS medium for each L-Tryptophan 0,200,300or400 mg /L and salicylic acid 0, 0.5,1or1.5mg /L. The medium supplemented with 30 g/ L sucrose was used as a control. Results showed the medium supplemented with 200 mgL of L-Tryptophan gave the highest quantity of Vincristine reached 48.66 µg/100 fresh weight of callus. MS medium content at the concentration 1 mg L of salicylic acid gave the highest level of Vinblastine recording 50.98 µg/100 fresh weight of callus. While MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg /L of salicylic acid gave the highest level of Serpentine 24.76 µg/100 fresh weight of callus. The concentrations of active compound derived from plant leaves were much less than the concentrations produced by the callus grown in vitro. The concentration of Serpentine was 0.059 while Vinblastine was 0.183 and the concentration of Vincristine was 0.064.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effects of Different Combinations of Phytohormones on Callus Induction from Different Explants of Cabbage Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L. Seedlings

2021 ◽  
pp. 3476-3486
Author(s):  
Alaa. M. Hasan ◽  
Ekhlas. A.J. ElKaaby ◽  
Rakad. M.Kh. AL-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Superior Result ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Vitro Effects

    The leading purpose of this work is the development of efficient culture conditions to induce calli from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) under in vitro conditions. The mature seeds were surface sterilized with combinations of different concentrations of ethanol and NaOCl in different time durations and  were germinated on MS basal medium. The results revealed that the best sterilization method of cabbage seeds was by using 70% ethanol for one minute, followed by 15 min in 2% (NaOCl). Seedlings were used as donor sources for hypocotyls, cotyledon leaves, true leaves, and shoot tip explants. These explants were cultured on different combinations of cytokinins (TDZ, BAP, Ad) and auxins (IAA, NAA, 2, 4-D) then implanted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. 4 weeks after culturing, a significant difference was found among the explants in response to plant hormones. The maximum percentage of callus induction (100%) was using the combinations of 1 BAP + 1 2, 4-D, 1 BAP + 1 NAA, and 1 BAP + 2 2,4-D mg. l-1. In addition, explants responses varied and the hypocotyls showed a superior result (85.71 %) as compared to other explants. For callus fresh weight, the combination of 0.22 TDZ + 79.9 Ad mg. l-1    had a significant effect, causing the highest fresh weight (0.2745g), while control treatment gave the lowest mean of 0.0066 g. Data showed that cotyledon explants were significantly superior in giving highest callus fresh weight with the mean of 0.1723 g. On the other hand, hypocotyl explants gave the lowest mean, reaching 0.1542 g.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration Of Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Ray ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
KM Nasiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

The effect of different explants and concentrations of BAP and NAA on induction of callus and plant regeneration of brinjal cv. Jhumki were investigated. The treatment combinations were BAP (0. 2.0. 3.0, and 4.0 mg/l) and NAA (0. 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/l). The rate of callus formation varied in different treatments. The highest amount of callus (48.66%) was produced on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA from stem, and 8.2 days required for callus induction. The highest fresh weight of callus was 1.12g from stem and 0.48g from root. The number of shoot regenerated through callus from stem containing 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA was 3.4 (23.287%) and days required for 38.8 days. All regenerated plantlets survived in normal environment. Keywords: NAA; BAP; regeneration; brinjal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9268 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 397-406

scholarly journals Influence of sucrose and tyrosine on callus induction and morphine and codeine production on Papaver somniferum In vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
M . S . Hamad ◽  
I. A. Hamza ◽  
S . A . Al-Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Drug Research ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
College Of Agriculture

A study was conducted at the tissue culture lab. College of Agriculture/ University of Baghdad and Drug Research Center/ Health Minstry during 2006 - 2007. Results indicated that MS medium supplemented with 30 g/l of sucrose gave the highest values (630.3, 61.6) mg of both fresh and dry weight of callus respectively. However, values of both parameters were reduced with increasing sucrose concentrations up to 60, 90, 120 g/l (478.2, 346.5, 217.6) mg respectively. MS medium supplemented with 30 mg/l of tyrosine gave the highest values of callus fresh and dry weight (429.7, 42.6) mg respectively. MS medium supplemented with 30 g/l of sucrose and 30 mg/L tyrosine gave the highest values (688.0, 67.5) mg of both fresh and dry weight callus. MS medium supplemented with 30 mg/l of tyrosine and 90 g/l of sucrose gave the highest values (2.9, 2.8) mg/g of morphine and codeine from fresh callus weight respectively while the lowest values of morphine and codeine (0.5K 0.2) mg/g from fresh callus weight respectively of control treatment .

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Plantlet Regeneration from In Vivo Nodal and Internodal Segments and Shoot Tip of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Bari ◽  
KMKB Ferdaus ◽  
MJ Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Green Callus

A complete and efficient protocol was developed for in vitro callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from in vivo nodal and internodal segments and shoot tips of sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.). The highest percentage of callus induction (100%) was achieved from nodal segment on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/1 BAP + 0.5 mg/1 NAA. This combination also produced highest fresh weight (5.4 g.) of callus per culture and produced friable green callus. The highest number of shoots (2.4) per explant was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/1 BAP + 0.5 mg/1 IAA for internode segment. The maximum number of roots (5.1)per shoot was observed in the MS medium having 1.0 mg/1 IBA + 2.0 mg/1 NAA. The well Rooted plantlets were acclimatized and successfully established into soil in the natural condition where 60% plantlets were survived. Keywords: Dalbergia sissoo, nodal segment, internodal segments, shoot tip, callus, embryo, regeneration.   DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3740 J. bio-sci. 16: 41-48, 2008

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Phytochemical Constituents of Finger Eggplant (Solanum sp.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norizzah Jaafar SIDIK ◽  
Norhayati DAUD ◽  
Som Cit SINANG ◽  
Nurul Fazira OMAR
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

This study examined the efficiency of callus induction on optimum concentrations of NAA (a-naphthaleneacetic acid) and BAP (6-benzyladenine) from culturing stem and leaf explants of finger eggplant (Solanum sp.) and investigated the phytochemical constituents of callus tissue. Seeds were sterilized by using 3 and 5 % Clorox solution, which gave the highest number of survival seeds (100 %) and were grown in vitro plantlets. The highest frequency of callus induction (100.00 ± 0.00 %) was obtained from stems and leaf explants that were excised from in vitro plantlets. The stem explants cultured on MS medium consisted of 1.0 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L BAP, giving the maximum mean callus fresh weight (0.14 ± 0.05 g). Meanwhile, the leaf explants cultured on MS medium consisted of  0.5 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L BAP, generating the maximum mean callus fresh weight (0.48 ± 0.10 g). The highest frequency of callus induction (88.00 ± 1.60 %) was obtained in solidified MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L BAP, producing the maximum mean fresh weight of callus (1.54 ± 0.27 g) and dry weight (0.90 ± 0.01 g). The results of the Phytochemical screenings of callus and dried leaf extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins.

Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Rauvolfia Serpentina (L.) Benth Ex. Kurz.

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswoti Aryal ◽  
Sanu Devi Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Callus Tissue Culture

Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) ex. Kurz is an important medicinal plant. Callus induction and regeneration was studied from stem explant of in-vitro grown plant of Rauvolfia serpentina(L.) Benth. ex Kurz (Apocynaceae) on Murashige Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenocy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1mg/l Kinetin (Kn). Vigorous growth of callus occurs after 4 weeks of culture. Callus was sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentration of 2, 4-D (0.5-3.0 mg/l) and 10% coconut milk. Regeneration of plantlets occurred on MS medium containing 3 mg/1 of 2, 4-D and 10% coconut milk. These plantlets were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA .The regenerated plantlets were able to grow on soil after short period ofacclimatization. Key words: Explant; In-vitro culture; MS medium;  2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; Kinetin; Callus; Tissue culture; Coconut milk. Journal of Natural History Museum Vol. 24, 2009 Page: 82-88

scholarly journals Shoot Multiplication and Callus Induction of Labisia pumila var. alata as Influenced by Different Plant Growth Regulators Treatments and Its Polyphenolic Activities Compared with the Wild Plant

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3229
Author(s):  
Mat Yunus Najhah ◽  
Hawa Z. E. Jaafar ◽  
Jaafar Juju Nakasha ◽  
Mansor Hakiman
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets

This study aims to investigate whether the in vitro-cultured L. pumila var. alata has higher antioxidant activity than its wild plant. An 8-week-old L. pumila var. alata nodal segment and leaf explants were cultured onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various cytokinins (zeatin, kinetin, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP)) for shoot multiplication and auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and picloram) for callus induction, respectively. The results showed that 2 mg/L zeatin produced the optimal results for shoot and leaf development, and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D produced the highest callus induction results (60%). After this, 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D was combined with 0.25 mg/L cytokinins and supplemented to the MS medium. The optimal results for callus induction (100%) with yellowish to greenish and compact texture were obtained using 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D combined with 0.25 mg/L zeatin. Leaves obtained from in vitro plantlets and wild plants as well as callus were extracted and analyzed for their antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP methods) and polyphenolic properties (total flavonoid and total phenolic content). When compared with leaf extracts of in vitro plantlets and wild plants of L. pumila var. alata, the callus extract displayed significantly higher antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid content. Hence, callus culture potentially can be adapted for antioxidant and polyphenolic production to satisfy pharmaceutical and nutraceutical needs while conserving wild L. pumila var. alata.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. and the Potential for Genetic Transformation

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Mamoon REHMAN ◽  
Iqrar Ahmad RANA ◽  
Siddra IJAZ ◽  
Ghulam MUSTAFA ◽  
Faiz Ahmad JOYIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Callus Induction Medium

Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. (Sissoo) is a native forest tree species in Pakistan. Many ecological and economical uses are associated with this premier timber species, but dieback disease is of major concern. The objective of this study was to develop a protocol for in vitro regeneration of Sissoo that could serve as target material for genetic transformation, in order to improve this species. Callus formation and plantlet regeneration was achieved by culturing cotyledons, immature seeds, and mature embryos on a modified Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium supplemented with plant growth regulators. Callus induction medium containing 2.71 ?M 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.93 ?M kinetin produced better callus on all explants tested compared to other treatments, such as 8.88 ?M 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 2.69 ?M ?-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), or 2.71 ?M 2, 4-D and 2.69 ?M NAA. Shoot regeneration was best on MS medium containing 1.4 ?M NAA and 8.88 ?M BA compared to other treatments, such as 1.4 ?M NAA and 9.9 ?M kinetin, or 2.86 ?M indole-3-acetic acid and 8.88 ?M BA. Murashige and Skoog medium containing 1.4 NAA ?M and 8.88 ?M BA was better in general for regeneration regardless of callus induction medium and the type of explant used. Rooting was best on half-strength MS medium with 7.35 ?M indole-3-butyric acid. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized for plantation in the field. Preliminary genetic transformation potential of D. sissoo was evaluated by particle bombardment of callus explants with a pUbiGus vector. The bombarded tissue showed transient Gus activity 1week after bombardment. Transformation of this woody tree is possible provided excellent regeneration protocols. The best combination for regeneration explained in this study is one of such protocols.

scholarly journals IN VITRO REGENERATION AND MASS PROPAGATION OF AZIMA TETRACANTHA [LAM.] FROM THE LEAF EXPLANTS THROUGH CALLUS CULTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Mallika Devi T
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Apical Leaf ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Azima Tetracantha

In the present study the protocol for callus induction and regeneration in Azima tetracantha has been developed in culture medium. The young apical leaf explants were used for callus induction on MS medium containing BAP and NAA at 1.0 and 0.4mgl-1 respectively showed maximum callus induction (73%). The amount of callus responded for shoot formation (74%) was obtained in the MS medium containing BAP (1.5 mgl-1) and NAA (0.3mgl-1).The elongated shoots were rooted on half strength medium supplemented with IBA (1.5 mgl-1) and Kn (0.4 mgl-1) for shoots rooted. Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and hardened off inside the culture and then transferred to green house with better survival rate.

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