Populism or the Broken Promises of Democracy. Concepts, Causes and Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-326
Author(s):  
Răzvan-Samir Avram
Keyword(s):  
Eastern European ◽  
Political Class ◽  
European Continent ◽  
European Project ◽  
Lega Nord ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Marine Le Pen ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Conceptual Nature

"Europe's response to the consequences of the Two World Wars was the need for joint association in a European project. Later on, the communist revolutions have sparked hopes on the European continent in creating a much-dreamed prosperity. One by one, the Eastern European Countries have joined the European project, the last country being Croatia in 2013. Time has passed, but not all problems seem to be resolved, on the contrary, we could say, extremism is on the rise, intolerance of migrants and foreigners it’s a topic on any internal debate. And s as if it weren't enough, Brexit, in conjunction with the rise in the voting intentions for the populist leaders like Marine Le Pen with The National Front in France, Matteo Salvini with Lega Nord in Italy and Nigel Farage with UKIP and later on with Reform Part. This Article aims to provide some clarifications in relation with the conceptual nature of populism, in order to define the concept and identifying and analyzing the main key messages within the populist speech, and also to identify why such messages have success, using as a starting point the idea that populism is only the result of stagnation of the current political class, as well as of the shortcomings of the democratic system. Keywords: democracy, populism, unemployment, civic-unrest, crisis, elitism, fake-news. "

scholarly journals JAVNOBILJEŽNIČKI RAZVOD BRAKA U REFORMIRANOM SLOVENSKOM PRAVU

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-246
Author(s):  
Slađana Aras Kramar
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Special Part ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Divorce before Latin-type notaries, as an alternative to court procedure, has been present on the European continent since the early 2000s. Forms of such divorce first appeared in Eastern European countries. However, since 2015 there has been a regulation of the powers of notaries for consensual divorce in the countries of Western and Southern Europe. The last among European countries to prescribe the consensual divorce before notaries is Slovenia, as part of the reform of family and non-contentious law and procedure. In this context, the paper discusses the novelties and basic principles of family court proceedings in the reformed Slovenian law. A special part of the paper contains an analysis of the consensual divorce before Slovenian notaries. The reason for choosing this legal system is the circumstance of the same starting point of development with Croatia, the similarity of these two legal systems, as well as the fact that in these Central European EU member states, reform efforts in one usually follow reforms and results in the other. Then follows an analysis and discussion of notarial divorce from a Croatian perspective, in particular on the circumstances that should be taken into account when considering its regulation, in order to reflect and achieve the prominent advantages. The concluding part of the paper contains some thoughts of the author and his de lege ferenda projections for the Croatian regulation, but also for the states in its neighborhood.

Mountain Tourism at the Beginning of the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
Mihail Ovidiu Tanase ◽  
Liliana Nicodim
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Mountain Development

The 1990s represent the starting point for a lot of changes not only in tourism but in the whole economy of any EEC. Before that, Eastern European countries had similar tourism developments with some differences between the types of mountain development due to some specificities according to the national policies of the sector. A short overview of the mountain tourism current situation is presented in the beginning. The tourism market is a very challenging one with rapid changes due to shifts in customers' preferences, new technologies, seasonality. The authors also presented the latest trends in mountain tourism in terms of supply and demand. The possibilities for future mountain tourism development in Romania are presented at the end of the chapter starting from the results of the previous analyses. Some of them are specific for Romania, but others can be applied to all mountain destinations (with or without minor adjustments).

Aspects of the Tourist Movement in Eastern European Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ana Mihaela Pădurean
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Development ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Social Sectors

Political changes that took place in the 1990s brought up the opening of tourism markets for Eastern European countries leading to a boost in the role of tourism in the economic and social sectors. This dynamic is reflected in the main tourism indicators, starting from the number of arrivals, revenue volume, degree of endowment with accommodation equipment, as well as in the competitiveness monitor aimed at a multitude of aspects. Concurrently, the complexity of tourism resources and their attractiveness represent the starting point in the elaboration of tourism development and promotion measures, which must take into account the harmonisation of all categories of local interests from local authorities and private companies to NGOs and population, thusly providing an adequate framework so that tourism can realise its effect as a multiplier for the economy.

Pragmatic Language Performance of Children Adopted Internationally

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-514
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich ◽  
Hisako Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Emotion Identification ◽  
False Belief Understanding ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Pragmatic Communication ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Purpose Pragmatic language is important for social communication across all settings. Children adopted internationally (CAI) may be at risk of poorer pragmatic language because of adverse early care, delayed adopted language development, and less ability to inhibit. The purpose of this study was to compare pragmatic language performance of CAI from Asian and Eastern European countries with a nonadopted group of children who were of the same age and from similar socioeconomic backgrounds as well as explore the relationship among emotion identification, false belief understanding, and inhibition variables with pragmatic language performance. Method Using a quasi-experimental design, 35 four-year-old CAI (20 Asian, 15 Eastern European) and 33 children who were not adopted were included in this study. The children's pragmatic language, general language, and social communication (emotion identification of facial expressions, false belief understanding, inhibition) were measured. Comparisons by region of origin and adoption experience were completed. We conducted split-half correlation analyses and entered significant correlation variables into simple and backward regression models. Results Pragmatic language performance differed by adoption experience. The adopted and nonadopted groups demonstrated different correlation patterns. Language performance explained most of the pragmatic language variance. Discussion Because CAI perform less well than their nonadopted peers on pragmatic communication measures and different variables are related to their pragmatic performance, speech-language pathologists may need to adapt assessment and intervention practices for this population.

European Integration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann P. Arnason
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
The Eu

Different understandings of European integration, its background and present problems are represented in this book, but they share an emphasis on historical processes, geopolitical dynamics and regional diversity. The introduction surveys approaches to the question of European continuities and discontinuities, before going on to an overview of chapters. The following three contributions deal with long-term perspectives, including the question of Europe as a civilisational entity, the civilisational crisis of the twentieth century, marked by wars and totalitarian regimes, and a comparison of the European Union with the Habsburg Empire, with particular emphasis on similar crisis symptoms. The next three chapters discuss various aspects and contexts of the present crisis. Reflections on the Brexit controversy throw light on a longer history of intra-Union rivalry, enduring disputes and changing external conditions. An analysis of efforts to strengthen the EU’s legal and constitutional framework, and of resistances to them, highlights the unfinished agenda of integration. A closer look at the much-disputed Islamic presence in Europe suggests that an interdependent radicalization of Islamism and the European extreme right is a major factor in current political developments. Three concluding chapters adopt specific regional perspectives. Central and Eastern European countries, especially Poland, are following a path that leads to conflicts with dominant orientations of the EU, but this also raises questions about Europe’s future. The record of Scandinavian policies in relation to Europe exemplifies more general problems faced by peripheral regions. Finally, growing dissonances and divergences within the EU may strengthen the case for Eurasian perspectives.

Knowledge about basic life support in European students

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (21) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Marton ◽  
Attila Pandúr ◽  
Emese Pék ◽  
Krisztina Deutsch ◽  
Bálint Bánfai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
European Students ◽  
Western European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
European Youth

Introduction: Better knowledge and skills of basic life support can save millions of lives each year in Europe. Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about basic life support in European students. Method: From 13 European countries 1527 volunteer participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic questions and knowledge regarding basic life support. The maximum possible score was 18. Results: Those participants who had basic life support training earned 11.91 points, while those who had not participated in lifesaving education had 9.6 points (p<0.001). Participants from former socialist Eastern European countries reached 10.13 points, while Western Europeans had average 10.85 points (p<0.001). The best results were detected among the Swedish students, and the worst among the Belgians. Conclusions: Based on the results, there are significant differences in the knowledge about basic life support between students from different European countries. Western European youth, and those who were trained had better performance. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(21), 833–837.

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