scholarly journals Effects of Auxin Concentration and Medium Temperature on Four Woody Plant Taxa Propagated by Stem Cuttings using Recirculating Subirrigation in a Growth Chamber

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
James S. Owen ◽  
William A. Johnson ◽  
Brian K. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Auxin Treatment ◽  
Auxin Concentration ◽  
Propagation Medium

Abstract Four woody plant taxa (‘Sparkleberry’ holly, ‘Mariesii’ viburnum, ‘Shasta’ viburnum, and Red Sunset® maple) were propagated from softwood stem cuttings in a recirculating subirrigation propagation system to evaluate the effect on adventitious root formation of three auxin (Dip-n-Grow®) concentrations [0 (water), 20: 1, or 10: 1] and three medium temperatures [20C (68F), 23C (74F), or 26C (79F)]. All taxa showed a positive rooting response to auxin treatment. Compared to cuttings treated with water, root number of all taxa doubled when treated with the highest auxin concentration (10: 1 Dip-n-Grow® dilution). Length of the longest root of rooted cuttings increased with auxin treatment of two taxa. Medium temperature also affected rooting of all taxa. The intermediate temperature evaluated, 23C (74F), was optimal for all rooting parameters on cuttings of ‘Mariesii’ viburnum, and for root length and percentage rooting on cuttings of ‘Shasta’ viburnum and Red Sunset® maple. A propagation medium temperature of 26C (79F) resulted in the greatest root number on cuttings of ‘Shasta’ viburnum, while 20C (68F) was optimal for root number on cuttings of Red Sunset® maple. Root numbers on cuttings of ‘Mariesii’ viburnum were reduced at 20C (68F) and 26C (79F), which appeared to be sub-and supra-optimal temperatures, respectively, for root initiation. All rooting parameters on cuttings of ‘Sparkleberry’ holly increased with propagation medium temperature. Temperature-auxin interactions were apparent for root number and length on cuttings of ‘Mariesii’ and ‘Shasta’ viburnum. The recirculating subirrigation system was useful for evaluating the basal temperature and auxin dose interactions and was effective for rooting softwood stem cuttings without intermittent mist irrigation.

scholarly journals Auxin, Wounding, and Propagation Medium Affect Rooting Response of Stem Cuttings of Arbutus andrachne

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 976-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Al-Salem ◽  
Nabila S. Karam
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Acid Form ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Propagation Medium ◽  
Salt Forms ◽  
Rooting Response

Stem cuttings of Arbutus andrachne L. were taken from basal or terminal portions of branches in October and treated with acid or salt forms of IBA or NAA at several concentrations. Also, the effects of wounding and propagation medium were assessed. Auxin was necessary for root formation, IBA acid being most effective. In general, salt forms of IBA and NAA were less effective than acid forms. Concentration of auxin had a significant effect on rooting regardless of auxin type or chemical form. The greatest rooting percentage, root number, length, and fresh and dry weights were exhibited by basal cuttings treated with 24 mm IBA. Position of the cutting on the branch did not affect rooting except when the IBA acid form was used; basal cuttings were then superior to terminal ones. Wounding, by making two opposite longitudinal incisions at the base of the cutting, increased rooting. The propagation medium had a significant effect on adventitious root formation, which was enhanced with increasing perlite percentage in the medium up to 100%. Chemical names used:1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals Vegetative Propagation of Mountain Fly Honeysuckle (Lonicera villosa) by Overhead Mist and Subirrigation

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-919
Author(s):  
Darren J. Hayes ◽  
Bryan J. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Propagation Medium

We assessed adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of mountain fly honeysuckle [Lonicera villosa (Michx.) Schult.] in separate experiments using overhead mist and subirrigation systems. The concentration of applied potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA) and the proportions of coarse perlite and milled peatmoss in the propagation medium were varied within both systems. Across treatments, 98% of cuttings in the overhead mist system and 85% of cuttings in the subirrigation system produced roots. In the overhead mist system, root volume, root dry weight, and number of root tips were greatest among cuttings treated with 4000 to 12,000 mg·L−1 K-IBA and stuck into 100% perlite. In the subirrigation system, root dry weight was not significantly affected by K-IBA concentration, but the greatest root volume and number of root tips were produced by cuttings treated with 8000 or 12,000 mg·L−1 K-IBA and stuck into 100% perlite. Despite the natural affinity of mountain fly honeysuckle for moist, organic soils, all of the 18 rooted cuttings we planted in a landscape trial survived and grew appreciably with minimal care over 2 years in a mineral field soil. We conclude that cuttings of mountain fly honeysuckle can be propagated readily by overhead mist or subirrigation, that root system quality is improved substantially by increasing K-IBA concentration and using coarse perlite without peatmoss, and that mountain fly honeysuckle can be grown in typical horticultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Improving the Rooting Capacity of Stem Cuttings of Virginia Pine by Severe Stumping of Parent Trees

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Rosier ◽  
John Frampton ◽  
Barry Goldfarb ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Farrell C. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
Root Angle ◽  
Crown Position ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Auxin Concentration ◽  
Partial Crown ◽  
Rooting Capacity

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to develop a protocol for rooting stem cuttings from 5-year-old Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana Mill.). The first experiment tested the effects of stumping treatment (none and ¼, ½, and ¾ original height remaining), auxin type[indole-3-butyric acid or 1-napthalene acetic acid (NAA)], and auxin concentration (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12 mM) on adventitious root formation. Stumping refers to the process of cutting back the stem combined with partial crown removal. The second experiment quantified the effects of crown position on the rooting of stem cuttings from stumped and nonstumped trees. Rooting percentage increased and percentage of mortality decreased as the severity of the stumping treatment increased. Auxin concentration significantly affected every rooting trait except root angle. Overall,cuttings from trees stumped to ¼ original height and treated with 4 mM NAA rooted in higher percentages (74%) and produced more primary roots (5.5) with greater total root lengths (601 mm) than the other treatments. The original crown position, particularly height, significantly affected rooting percentage. Primary needle length significantly increased as the severity of the stumping treatment increased and was positively correlated with rooting capacity. South. J. Appl. For. 30(4):182–187.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF pH ON AUXIN-INDUCED ADVENTITIOUS ROOT INITIATION IN MALUS DOMESTICA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1124b-1124
Author(s):  
James F. Harbage ◽  
Dennis P. Stimart
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Apical Shoot ◽  
Ethanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Auxin Uptake ◽  
Influence Of Ph

Many physiological responses in plants are influenced by pH. The present chemiosmotic hypothesis suggests that auxin uptake into plant cells is governed by pH. Since auxin is used widely to enhance rooting, the influence of pH on 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) induced adventitious root formation was examined. Roots were initiated aseptically in 5 node apical shoot cuttings of micropropagated Malus domestica 'Gala'. Initiation was induced using a four day pulse in IBA and 15 g/L sucrose at pH 5.6 and 30C in the dark. Observations showed pH rose to 7.0 or greater within 1 to 2 days from microcutting placement in unbuffered initiation medium. Root numbers from shoots in media containing 1.5 μM IBA buffered with 10 mM 2[N-morpholino] ethanesulfonic acid (MES) to pH 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 or 7.0 with KOH resulted in average root numbers of 14.2, 10.9, 8.7, and 7.1, respectively, while unbuffered medium yielded 7,6 roots per shoot. Comparison of MES buffered medium at pH 5.5, 6.25 or 7.0 in factorial combination with IBA at 0, 0.15, 1.5, 15.0, and 150.0 μM resulted in a significant pH by IBA interaction for root number. At 0, 0.15 and 1.5 μM IBA root numbers were greatest at pH 5.5. At 15.0 μM IBA, pH 6.25 was optimal and at 150.0 μM IBA all three pH levels produced equivalent root numbers. A calorimetric assay to measure IBA removal from the initiation medium by microcuttings of `Gala' and `Triple Red Delicious' showed more IBA removal at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.0. Possible reasons for the effect of pH on adventitious root formation will be discussed.

scholarly journals Vegetative Propagation of Mature Eastern and Carolina Hemlocks by Rooted Softwood Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1469-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Jetton ◽  
John Frampton ◽  
Fred P. Hain
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Tsuga Canadensis ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Auxin Concentration ◽  
Cutting Length ◽  
Percent Mortality

This study tested the effects of cutting length and auxin (NAA) concentration on adventitious root formation in softwood stem cuttings from mature eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr., and carolina hemlock, T. caroliniana Engelm. Overall rooting percentage (41%) and percent mortality (22%) were higher for eastern hemlock compared with carolina hemlock (10% rooting and 13% mortality). Rooting percentage of each species responded differently to varying auxin concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 mm NAA). Maximum rooting (56%) for eastern hemlock occurred at 0 mm NAA; then decreased with increasing auxin concentration. Carolina hemlock rooting percentage increased from the control to a maximum (16%) at 1 mm NAA; then decreased with increasing auxin concentration. For both species, the lowest mortality occurred at the same auxin concentration as maximum rooting. The highest rates of mortality coincided with the same concentrations as the lowest rooting percentages. At all auxin concentrations, eastern hemlock had a higher number of roots and greater total root length relative to carolina hemlock. Mortality among 6-cm stem cuttings was twice that observed for 3-cm cuttings of both species. However, 6-cm cuttings of eastern hemlock that did form adventitious roots had more roots and longer total root length compared with 3-cm cuttings. Chemical name used: 1-naphthalenacetic acid.

scholarly journals Medium Temperature Influences the Rooting Response of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
William J. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Propagation Medium ◽  
Rooting Response

Abstract Adventitious rooting of stem cuttings of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. ‘Pink Versicolor’, ‘Brilliant Red’, ‘Jim Hendry’ and ‘Silver Anniversary’ was evaluated after propagation at medium temperatures of 18°, 22°, 26°, 30° and 34°C (65°,72°,79°,86° and 93°F). Cuttings of all cultivars propagated at medium temperatures of 26° and 30°C rooted faster and developed more roots with larger fresh and dry weights. Rooting percentages for each cultivar was similar among all propagation medium temperatures, but 26° and 30°C (79° and 86°F) reduced the weeks required for rooting 50% of the cuttings and periods in weeks between 10% and 90% rooting. The most vigorous rooting ‘Pink Versicolor’ had more uniform root emergence and the best response at unfavorable medium temperatures, while the poorest ‘Silver Anniversary’ had inconsistent root formation at all temperatures.

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling during adventitious root formation in carnation stem cuttings

BMC Genomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Villacorta-Martín ◽  
Ana Belén Sánchez-García ◽  
Joan Villanova ◽  
Antonio Cano ◽  
Miranda van de Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings

scholarly journals STOCKPLANT ETIOLATION AND SHOOT AGE EFFECTS ON ANATOMY AND ADVENTITIOUS ROOT FORMATION IN STEM CUTTINGS OF CARPINUS BETULUS `FASTIGIATA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1095d-1095
Author(s):  
Brian K Maynard ◽  
Nina L. Bassuk
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Linear Combinations ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Shading Effects

New shoot growth of Carpinus betulus `fastigiata' was treated with stockplant etiolation and stem banding treatments and sampled for anatomical study at intervals over a 16-week period of greening following etiolation. Shading effects on the anatomy of the stem were also investigated. Numerous anatomical changes were noted with stem age and stockplant treatment. Among these were etiolation effects on the lignification of the secondary xylem, thickness of the periderm, and an increase in the percentage of sclereid-free gaps in the perivascular sclerenchyma, Stem banding increased the widths of the cortex and pith. Concomitant propagation studies revealed significant etiolation, shading, and banding effects on rooting percentages and root numbers. Using multiple linear regression methods rooting capacity was modelled best by linear combinations of the widths of the pith, non-lignified secondary xylem, cortical parenchyma and periderm, as well as the percentage of gaps in the sclerenchymatic sheath remaining non-sclerified. It is proposed that the development of sclereids in potential rooting sites reduces rooting potential. The exclusion of light during initial shoot development retards sclereid development by up to 3 months following treatment, which correlates well with observed increases in the rooting potential of etiolated and/or banded stems.

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