Radiocarbon in the Atmosphere of the Žlkovce Monitoring Station of the Bohunice NPP: 25 Years of Continuous Monthly Measurements

Radiocarbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
P P Povinec ◽  
A Šivo ◽  
M Ješkovský ◽  
I Svetlik ◽  
M Richtáriková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Monitoring Station ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Long Term Impact

Radiocarbon variations in the atmosphere have been observed at the Žlkovce monitoring station of the Bohunice nuclear power plant (NPP), situated only 5 km ESE from the NPP. The observed 14C levels provide unique evidence of a decreasing long-term impact of the Bohunice NPP on the region. Simultaneously, decreasing emissions of fossil fuel carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the monitoring site have been found. The observed Δ14C variations with time have attenuating amplitudes and decreasing mean values, showing maxima in summer and minima in winter, the latter primarily caused by increased emission of fossil CO2 in winter months. Sporadic short-term releases of 14C from the Bohunice NPP were observed at the Žlkovce station. The annual atmospheric Δ14C variations compared with tree-ring data collected at the Žlkovce village show reasonable agreement. The observed Δ14C levels after 2005 are close to the European clean-air levels as measured at the Jungfraujoch (3450 m asl) monitoring station.

Methods to Reduce Traffic Speed in High-Pedestrian Rural Areas

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kamyab ◽  
Steve Andrle ◽  
Dennis Kroeger ◽  
David S. Heyer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Many Minnesota counties are faced with the problem of high vehicle speeds through towns or resort areas that have significant pedestrian traffic. The impact of speed reduction strategies in high-pedestrian areas in rural counties of Minnesota was investigated. Speed data were collected at two selected study sites under their existing conditions ("no-treatment" or "before" condition) and after the proposed speed reduction strategies were installed. Second "after" data conditions were collected to study the short-term and long-term impact of the implemented strategies. The traffic-calming techniques employed at the Twin Lakes site consisted of removable pedestrian islands and pedestrian crossing signs. A dynamic variable message sign that sent a single-word message ("Slow") to motorists traveling over the speed limit was installed at the Bemidji site. The research study shows that the traffic-calming strategy deployed in Twin Lakes was effective in significantly reducing the mean speed and improving speed limit compliance in both the short term and long term. Despite proven effectiveness, the deployed speed reduction treatment in Bemidji Lake failed to lower the speed at the study site. The single-word message on the sign and the location of the sign, as well as a lack of initial enforcement, were the primary reasons for such failure.

LOCA analysis of BWR-4/Mark-I nuclear power plant with TRACE

Kerntechnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-142
Author(s):  
J.-J. Huang ◽  
S.-W. Chen ◽  
J.-R. Wang ◽  
C. Shih ◽  
H.-T. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Containment System ◽  
Loss Of Coolant Accident ◽  
Main Steam Line ◽  
Main Steam ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Term Analysis

Abstract This study established an RCS-Containment coupled model that integrates the reactor coolant system (RCS) and the containment system by using the TRACE code. The coupled model was used in both short-term and long-term loss of coolant accident (LOCA) analyses. Besides, the RELAP5/CONTAN model that only contains the containment system was also developed for comparison. For short-term analysis, three kinds of LOCA scenarios were investigated: the recirculation line break (RCLB), the main steam line break (MSLB), and the feedwater line break (FWLB). For long-term analysis, the dry-well and suppression pool temperature responses of the RCLB were studied. The analysis results of RELAP5/CONTAN and TRACE models are benchmarked with those of FSAR and RELAP5/GOTHIC models, and it appears that the results of the above four models are consistent in general trends.

Offspring of mothers with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy: The short term and long-term impact. What is new?

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Armengaud ◽  
Ronald C.W. Ma ◽  
Benazir Siddeek ◽  
Gerard H.A. Visser ◽  
Umberto Simeoni
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Radiocarbon in the Air of Central Europe: Long-Term Investigations

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 823-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Svetlik ◽  
P P Povinec ◽  
M Molnár ◽  
M Vána ◽  
A Šivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Monitoring Station ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Suess Effect ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monitoring Stations

Regional levels of radiocarbon have been monitored in order to investigate the impact of fossil fuel combustion on the activity of atmospheric 14CO2 in central Europe. Data from atmospheric 14CO2 monitoring stations in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary for the period 2000–2008 are presented and discussed. The Prague and Bratislava monitoring stations showed a distinct local Suess effect when compared to the Jungfraujoch clean-air monitoring station. However, during the summer period, statistically insignificant differences were observed between the low-altitude stations and the high-mountain Jungfraujoch station. 14C data from the Hungarian monitoring locality at Dunaföldvár and the Czech monitoring station at Košetice, which are not strongly affected by local fossil CO2 sources, indicate similar grouping and amplitudes, typical for a regional Suess effect.

scholarly journals The Impact of Renovation Capital Expenditure on Hotel Property Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Turner ◽  
James W. Hesford
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Property Performance

This study investigates the impact of renovation capital expenditure on multiple measures of hotel property performance. We conduct analyses in two time periods: for a 3-year period immediately following renovation (short-term impact), and 3 to 6 years following renovation (long-term impact). The study is based on proprietary project, operational and financial data obtained for 305 renovation capital expenditure projects of individual properties within a single budget hospitality chain. We find renovation capital expenditures offer significant short-term beneficial impact in terms of increased revenue, profitability gains, higher customer satisfaction, and decreased repair and maintenance expense. Altogether, these outcomes should be advantageous to hotel property performance. In the long-term, a significant decline is apparent in revenue and profitability. Surprisingly, customer satisfaction does not decline, and repair and maintenance expense does not increase, which are both favorable.

The Need for Strategic Planning for Nuclear Power Plant I&C Upgrades

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Douglas Hill ◽  
Paul Moore
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nuclear Plants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plant Control

Nuclear power plants rely on Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems for control, monitoring and protection of the plant. The original, analog designs used in most nuclear plants have become or soon will be obsolete, forcing plants to turn to digital technology. Many factors affect the design of replacement equipment, including long-term and short-term economics, regulatory issues, and the way the plant operates on a day-to-day basis. The first step to all modernization projects should involve strategic planning, to ensure that the overall long and short-term goals of the plant are met. Strategic planning starts with a thorough evaluation of the existing plant control systems, the available options, and the benefits and consequences of these options.

Integrating Vocational Rehabilitation Into Treatment Programs: Two Case Studies

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Randell ◽  
Lorinda Arella ◽  
Sherry Deren ◽  
Charles Lyles ◽  
Mary Ellen Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Vocational Services ◽  
Vocational Programming ◽  
Long Term Impact

This paper describes an intervention designed to enhance the integration of vocational services in an outpatient treatment setting. The position of “vocational integrator” was created and implemented in two clinics to (a) raise the importance of vocational services, (b) develop vocational skills and resources available to staff, and (c) review and implement policies to facilitate vocational programming. The sequence of tasks necessary to develop and implement this position, and issues arising for the integrators and the clinics are described. Results indicated that some short term increases in vocational activities were found, and a longer time period may be needed to assess the long term impact of this type of intervention.

The Development of a Generic Qualified Digital Platform

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor S. S. Shyu ◽  
Ming-Huei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nuclear Instrumentation

The nuclear industry and research institutes in Taiwan are conducting a joint effort project to establish a self-reliant nuclear Instrumentation and Control (I&C) system design and fabrication capabilities in Taiwan. The purposes of this project, as called Taiwan’s Nuclear I&C System (TaiNICS), are planned to support digital upgrade of the existing nuclear power plants and the new nuclear installations in Taiwan. The project will be a long term pursuit of several task branches, including establishment of a generic qualified digital platform, qualification and certification processes, nuclear I&C systems design, safety analyses for software common cause failure, licensing, and collaboration. The short term goal of this project is to submit the License Topical Report (LTR) of a generic digital platform for the review of Taiwan’s regulatory body in 2013.

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