Risk factors associated with clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in indoor-housed cats

2006 ◽  
Vol 228 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Tony Buffington ◽  
Jodi L. Westropp ◽  
Dennis J. Chew ◽  
Roger R. Bolus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

Feline lower urinary tract disease in a German cat population

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Remer ◽  
C. Sauter-Louis ◽  
K. Hartmann ◽  
R. Dorsch
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

Summary Objective: To investigate epidemiologic data, clinical signs, results of urinalysis and causes of lower urinary tract disease in a German veterinary hospital population of cats and to determine if the demographic data, history, clinical signs and urinalysis results correlate with a particular etiology. Materials and methods: Cats presented with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) with a documented history and physical examination, a complete urinalysis (urine specific gravity, urine dipstick and sediment, urine culture) of urine obtained by cystocentesis or catheterization, and diagnostic imaging of the urinary tract were included into the study. Cats that had received a previous treatment during the same episode of FLUTD were excluded. Results: A total of 302 cats were included into the study. Cats with FLUTD presented throughout the seasons with similar frequency. The most common diagnosis was feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) (55.0%), followed by bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) (18.9%), urethral plug (10.3%) and urolithiasis (7.0%). Urethral obstruction was significantly more frequent in cats with FIC than in cats with UTI. Cats with FIC and urethral plugs were significantly younger and had significantly higher body weights than cats with UTI and neoplasia. FIC and urethral plugs were significantly more common causes of FLUTD in cats younger than 10 years compared to cats that were 10 years or older (65.2% versus [vs.] 35.8% and 13.3% vs. 3.0%), while the incidences of UTI and neoplasia increased with age (12.9% vs. 41.8% and 1.0% vs. 13.4%). Conclusion and clinical relevance: FIC and UTI are the most common diagnoses in cats with FLUTD, with a significant age-related difference in incidence.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological characteristics of cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease in the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
S Kovarikova ◽  
V Simerdova ◽  
M Bilek ◽  
D Honzak ◽  
P Marsalek
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urethral Obstruction ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

A total of 214 cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) were assessed in this study. There were 81.30% males (82.20% of them neutered) and 18.70% females (80.00% of them spayed) with an age range from 9 months to 17 years (mean 5.1 ± 3.7). Most of the cats (111; 51.90%) were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis; in 57 (26.60%) cats, uroliths were detected. A urinary tract infection (UTI) as well as urethral plugs were diagnosed in 23 cats (10.75%). In 100 cats, a non-obstructive form of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) was present; in 114 cats (exclusively males) a urethral obstruction was diagnosed. Most of the cats (141; 65.90%) were indoor-housed. The cats with the UTI were significantly older when compared to the other cases of FLUTD. The most common clinical signs reported by the owners were dysuria (39.70%), oliguria/anuria (31.30%), and vomiting (24.80%). In the cats with the urethral obstruction, oliguria/anuria and non-specific systemic signs were dominant whereas in the non-obstructive form, signs of a lower urinary tract disease were more frequent. The urine specific gravity ranged from 1.008 to 1.080, while in the cats diagnosed with UTI, it was significantly lower than the other cats. Haematuria was the most common finding within the urinalysis which was diagnosed in 181 cats (84.60%): macroscopic haematuria was present in 94 patients (43.90%), microscopic haematuria was present in 87 cats (40.70%). Pyuria was found in 36 cats (16.80%). In the UTI cats, the most common bacterial isolate was E. coli. Results of our study are in agreement with previous reports of FLUTD in various countries, with idiopathic cystitis as the most common cause.

Evaluation of clinical signs and causes of lower urinary tract disease in European cats

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gerber ◽  
F. S. Boretti ◽  
S. Kley ◽  
P. Laluha ◽  
C. Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

Elucidating the risk factors of feline lower urinary tract disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Jones ◽  
R.L. Sanson ◽  
R.S. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

scholarly journals Recurrence rate and long-term course of cats with feline lower urinary tract disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Kaul ◽  
Katrin Hartmann ◽  
Sven Reese ◽  
Roswitha Dorsch
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Lower Urinary

Objectives Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) causes clinical signs such as stranguria, pollakiuria, haematuria, vocalisation and periuria, and is often associated with recurring episodes. The primary objective of this study was to survey the long-term course of cats presenting with FLUTD in terms of recurrence rate and mortality. Methods Data from cats that were presented with lower urinary tract signs from 2010 to 2013 were collected by telephone interview with cat owners, using a questionnaire. The observation period ranged from the first presentation due to FLUTD to the telephone interview or the cat’s death. Data on diagnoses, recurrence of clinical signs and disease-free intervals, as well as implementation and impact of prophylactic measures (PMs), were collected and compared between groups with different aetiologies. Results The study included 101 cats. Fifty-two cats were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis, 21 with urolithiasis and 13 with bacterial urinary tract infection; 15 had no definitive diagnosis. Of the 86 cats with a known diagnosis, the recurrence rate was 58.1%, with no significant difference between groups. Twenty-one cats had one relapse, 12 had two relapses, 10 had three and seven had four to eight relapses within a median observation period of 38 months (range 0.5–138 months). Fourteen cats suffered from different causes of FLUTD at different episodes. Mortality due to FLUTD among all 101 cats was 5.0%. The recurrence rate in cats with urolithiasis receiving at least two PMs was significantly lower than the recurrence rate in those without PMs ( P = 0.029). Conclusions and relevance More than half of the cats with FLUTD presented with two or more recurrent episodes irrespective of the identified aetiology. Cats should be thoroughly investigated at each presentation as it cannot be presumed that the cause of FLUTD is the same at different episodes. The mortality due to FLUTD is lower than previously reported.

Recurrent, nonobstructive, idiopathic feline lower urinary tract disease: an illustrative case report

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Kruger ◽  
CA Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Herpesvirus 4 ◽  
Lower Urinary

A three-year-old, spayed female domestic shorthair was evaluated because of recurrent hematuria, dysuria, and pollakiuria of one year's duration. With the exception of hematuria and proteinuria, results of other physical, clinicopathological, radiographic, and microbiologic evaluations were normal. Low concentrations of bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) antibodies (titer 1:40) were detected by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). A diagnosis of nonobstructive, idiopathic feline lower urinary tract disease was established by exclusion of other known causes of hematuria and dysuria. Clinical signs resolved in approximately seven days without symptomatic therapy. During the next 69 months, the owners observed five episodes of self-limiting, gross hematuria and pollakiuria. Persistent low titers of BHV-4 antibodies were detected by the IFAT. This case typifies the clinicopathological, radiographic, and microbiologic findings and the natural course characteristics of many cases of nonobstructive, idiopathic feline lower urinary tract disease.

scholarly journals Analysis of lower urinary tract disease of dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1275-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Iveth Mendóza-López ◽  
Javier Del-Angel-Caraza ◽  
Israel Alejandro Quijano-Hernández ◽  
Marco Antonio Barbosa-Mireles
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Micturition Disorders ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Urinary

ABSTRACT: Lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD) include different conditions that affect the urinary bladder, urethra and prostate. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of different related diseases, to characterize the population affected, and to determine risk factors in dogs. The clinical cases were diagnosed with LUTD through physical examination, and clinical laboratory and imaging studies. Male dogs had a greater predisposition to present a LUTD. Dogs from 3 months to 18 years with a median of 8 years were affected, and the most affected breeds were Poodle, Labrador, German shepherd, Schnauzer, Cocker Spaniel and Chihuahua. The LUTD presented with the following frequencies: bacterial urinary tract infection 34.02%; micturition disorders 22.68%; urolithiasis 20.61%; prostatic disease 14.43%; traumatic problems 8.24%. Sixty-seven per cent of the cases were specific diseases, such as uncomplicated and complicated bacterial urinary tract infections, urinary retention of neurologic origin and silica urolithiasis.

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