scholarly journals SiO4 network structure changes and crystallization of diatom shells in diatomaceous earth by heat treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Naoya SASAKI ◽  
Akane ARASUNA ◽  
Masayuki OKUNO
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Structure Changes

Rem and Rheed Studies of Pb Adsorption on Si(111)

1992 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Tanishiro ◽  
Masahiko Fukuyamaand ◽  
Katsumichi Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Incommensurate Structures

ABSTRACTStructure changes of Si(111)-Pb surfaces due to deposition and heat treatment are studied by REM-RHEED. Surface structures observed are summarized as a phase diagram. Formation of an incommensurate layer(α) and a phase transition between incommensurate structures of α and α' is described.

Characterization of Ultrafine Glassy Powder for Al-Si-Ca-P-O-F Polynary System by Liquid Precipitation

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Yuan ◽  
Q.G. Wu ◽  
Guo Xun Zeng ◽  
Z.Y. Ling
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Hollow Particles ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Quenched Glass ◽  
Liquid Precipitation

The ultrafine glassy powder of Al-Si-Ca-P-O-F polynary system was prepared by liquid precipitation method with several inorganic compounds as reactants containing the ions such as Al3+, SiO32-, P3O105-, Ca2+, F-, respectively. The powder was heat-treated in the range of temperature from 773 to 1173K and its crystallized processes were ascertained. The morphology, composition, bonding state and structure, crystallized behavior of the glassy powder were characterized by means of TEM, XRD, EDAX, IR, DSC etc methods. The results show that the powder containing Al, Si, Ca, P, O, F elements belongs to typical amorphous state, and the particles appeared hollow and near spherical morphology with the size from 30 to 70nm. The hollow particles collapsed as plate like conglutination state and a series of crystallized phases CaF2, Al2SiO5, Ca2SiO4, and Ca3(PO4)2 were separated sequentially during heat treatment in the range of temperature above. The characteristics of the glassy powder are similar to those of popular melting-quenched glass of the system. The network structure of the glass was mainly formed by the tetrahedrons of [SiO4], [AlO4] and [PO4], which were linked by the oxygen atoms of the angle in the tetrahedrons.

How can multi-bond network hydrogels dissipate energy more effectively: an investigation on the relationship between network structure and properties

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 4407-4413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Xu ◽  
Fu-Kuan Shi ◽  
Xiao-Ying Liu ◽  
Ming Zhong ◽  
Xu-Ming Xie
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Double Network ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Bond Network ◽  
The Relationship

As the amount of PVA microcrystals increases, the network structure changes from being dual-crosslinked (for pure PAA hydrogels) to ternary-crosslinked and finally to a double network structure, as shown by the step-increased modulus of the hydrogels.

scholarly journals Mechanical Stresses Induced by Compression in Castings of the Load-carrying Grate

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
J. Słowik ◽  
A. Drotlew ◽  
B. Piekarski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Forced Movement

Abstract The main aim of this study was to examine the compression-induced state of stress arising in castings of the guide grates during operation in pusher-type furnaces for heat treatment. The effect of grate compression is caused by its forced movement in the furnace. The introduction of flexible segments to the grate structure changes in a significant way the stress distribution, mainly by decreasing its value, and consequently considerably extends the lifetime of the grates. The stress distribution was examined in the grates with flexible segments arranged crosswise (normal to the direction of the grate compression) and lengthwise (following the direction of force). A regression equation was derived to describe the relationship between the stress level in a row of ribs in the grate and the number of flexible segments of a lengthwise orientation placed in this row. It was found that, regardless of the distribution of the flexible segments in a row, the stress values were similar in all the ribs included in this row, and in a given row of the ribs/flexible segments a similar state of stress prevailed, irrespective of the position of this row in the whole structure of the grate and of the number of the ribs/flexible segments introduced therein. Parts of the grate responsible for the stress transfer were indicated and also parts which play the role of an element bonding the structure.

Rem and Rheed Studies of Pb Adsorption on Si(111)

1992 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Tanishiro ◽  
Masahiko Fukuyama ◽  
Katsumichi Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Incommensurate Structures

AbstractStructure changes of Si(111)-Pb surfaces due to deposition and heat treatment are studied by REM-RHEED. Surface structures observed are summarized as a phase diagram. Formation of an incommensurate layer(α) and a phase transition between incommensurate structures of α and α′ is described.

SURFACE STRUCTURES AND GROWTH MODES FOR Cu ON Si(100), (110) AND (111) SURFACES DEPENDING ON Cu SEGREGATION BY HEAT TREATMENT

1996 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 1377-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. IKEDA ◽  
T. WATANABE ◽  
H. ITOH ◽  
T. ICHINOKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Growth Modes ◽  
Reconstructed Surfaces ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Cohesive Energies ◽  
Large Diffusion

Cu has a large diffusion coefficient in Si, like Ni, and hence the deposited Cu atoms on the Si clean surfaces diffuse into the bulk with increasing temperature and segregate to the surface by quenching. Thus, the surface reconstructed structure changes by heat treatment depending on the surface Cu concentration induced by heat treatment. Moreover, the quantity of Cu segregation decreases with increasing annealing time, because the diffused Cu atoms are trapped to islands on the surface while annealing. The quantity of diffusing Cu atoms into the bulk and the desorption temperatures of Cu from the reconstructed surfaces depend on the crystallographic orientations of the substrate surface. Different cohesive energies of the surface superstructures and different temperatures of the Cu segregation depending on surface orientations are discussed based on the structures on Cu–Si layers formed on the Si (100), (110) and (111) surfaces.

Characterization of heat treatment-induced pore structure changes in cold-sprayed titanium

2017 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Q. Ren ◽  
P.C. King ◽  
Y.S. Yang ◽  
T.Q. Xiao ◽  
C. Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Structure Changes
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