Personality Traits of Turkish Handgun License Applicants

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-412
Author(s):  
Salih Selek ◽  
Serdar S. Can ◽  
Ihsan Yabanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Normative Data ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Personality Perception ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
The Relationship

Several theories have sought to explain the motivations for handgun possession and the relationship with personality. Perception of handguns also has cultural variations. The aim of the study is to evaluate handgun license applicants' personality profiles. 109 handgun license applicants were included in the study. Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) scores of the applicants were recorded. Scores were compared with Turkish and American normative data for the Inventory. The study group had significantly lower subscores on novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and higher subscores on reward dependence and persistence compared to Turkish norms and significantly lower subscores on novelty seeking, reward dependence, and self-directedness compared to American norms. Results indicate that Turkish handgun license applicants' personality features are more similar to American norms.

scholarly journals 0971 Mother’s Parenting Style As A Moderator In The Relationship Between Temperament And Sleep Problems In Children With Obesity

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A369-A369
Author(s):  
H Nam ◽  
J Kim ◽  
S Woo ◽  
S Park ◽  
H Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Sleep Problem ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Based on past studies, a child’s temperament and parenting style greatly affect a child’s sleep. However, there are limited studies that have investigated how parenting styles and a child’s temperament interact and affect the child’s sleep in obese children. Thus, this study investigated parenting styles as a moderator in the relationship between temperament and sleep in obese children. Methods Seventy-seven obese children (male=66.2%, average BMI = 27.35±2.78) participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 10.82(± 1.00) years. The primary caregiver (mother) of the participants completed the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (J-TCI), and Parents as Social Context Questionnaire (K-PSCQ), and Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Among the different subscales, only Novelty Seeking (NS) and Reward Dependence (RD) were used for analysis among Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (J-TCI) components. Results In this sample, 66 children (85.7%) reported significant levels of sleep problems based on the CSHQ. Novelty seeking (NS) and reward dependence (RD) significantly predicted sleep problems (B=-.771, p<.05, B=-.683, p<.01). Additionally, mother’s negative parenting style moderated the relationship between NS and the child’s sleep problem [B=.03, 95% CI=.007, .049] and the relationship between RD and the child’s sleep problem [B=.031, 95% CI=.013, .049]. The more negative mother’s parenting style, the higher the child’s NS or RD scores had a negative effect on sleep. Conclusion The results of this study show that obese children experience high levels of sleep disturbance. Additionally, the mother’s negative parenting style moderated the relationship between temperament and sleep problems in obese children. The results suggest that sleep interventions for obese children should include the mother, especially in children with high novelty seeking and reward dependence. Support This work was supported by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention & Korea National Research Institute of Health (2019020660E-00)

Relations between Cloninger's Dimensions of Temperament and Steepness of Delay and Effort Discounting of Monetary Rewards

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Malesza ◽  
Paweł Ostaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
Effort Discounting ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Cloninger's personality dimensions of temperament (Harm Avoidance, Novelty Seeking, Reward Dependence, and Persistence) and the steepness of delay and effort discounting, which refers to a decrease in the subjective value of a reward as its delay, or effort required to obtain the reward, increases. Participants ( N = 112; ages 19 to 29 years, M = 21.80, SD = 1.35) filled out two inventories: the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the Discounting Questionnaire. The study revealed that the higher the Harm Avoidance and Reward Dependency, the steeper the effort discounting. On the other hand, the higher one's Persistence, the shallower one's effort discounting. Finally, a positive correlation was observed between delay and effort discounting. The results indicated that effort discounting was related to, but not equivalent to, delay discounting.

scholarly journals Temperament and Eating Attitudes in an Adolescent Community Sample: A Brief Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Enrica Marzola ◽  
Secondo Fassino ◽  
Federico Amianto ◽  
Giovanni Abbate-Daga
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
School Students ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. Temperament traits like high harm avoidance (HA) have been proposed as putative risk factors for the development of eating disorders (EDs). We aimed at studying the relationship between temperament and eating attitudes on a large community sample of adolescents. Method. We recruited 992 high school students aged 14–18. In addition to measuring body mass index (BMI), participants were asked to complete the temperament and character inventory and the food frequency questionnaire. Results. Sixty-two percent of the sample reported overeating, 22.8% reported normal eating, and 15.2% reported under eating. Under and normal eaters had higher BMI than that of over eaters. Harm avoidance was found to be significantly higher in those participants with lower eating intakes whilst novelty seeking was found to be higher in over eaters. Conclusion. An interesting association between temperament (high HA) and food approach (under eating) emerged. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate whether these traits represent a risk factor for the development of EDs.

Belgian Normative Data of the Temperament and Character Inventory* * The original data upon which this paper is based are available at www.hhpub.com/journals/ejpa

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Hansenne ◽  
Olivier Le Bon ◽  
Anne Gauthier ◽  
Marc Ansseau
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Original Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Self Transcendence

Summary: The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is a 226-item self-questionnaire developed to assess the seven dimensions of personality described by Cloninger and his colleagues. Normative data from 322 representative French-speaking subjects from Belgium are presented and the psychometric properties are discussed. Mean scores of temperament dimensions were appreciably different from those published by Cloninger . In our sample, novelty seeking and self-transcendence scores were lower and harm avoidance scores were higher compared to US norms. The other dimensions were almost identical. The factorial analysis showed that the hypothesized factor structure of temperament and character dimensions was almost confirmed. The present study also confirmed that the TCI scales were weakly related among themselves. The relationships were consistent with those reported by previous reports. Gender differences were also found for different dimensions.

scholarly journals Personality Profiles Identify Depressive Symptoms over Ten Years? A Population-Based Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Josefsson ◽  
Päivi Merjonen ◽  
Markus Jokela ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known about the relationship between temperament and character inventory (TCI) profiles and depressive symptoms. Personality profiles are useful, because personality traits may have different effects on depressive symptoms when combined with different combinations of other traits. Participants were from the population-based Young Finns study with repeated measurements in 1997, 2001, and 2007 ( to 1902). TCI was administered in 1997 and mild depressive symptoms (modified Beck’s depression inventory, BDI) were reported in 1997, 2001, and 2007. BDI-II was also administered in 2007. We found that high harm avoidance and low self-directedness related strongly to depressive symptoms. In addition, sensitive (NHR) and fanatical people (ScT) were especially vulnerable to depressive symptoms. high novelty seeking and reward dependence increased depressive symptoms when harm avoidance was high. These associations were very similar in cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Personality profiles help in understanding the complex associations between depressive symptoms and personality.

Personality and Emotional Biases

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-161
Author(s):  
Sezen Güngör ◽  
Engin Demirel ◽  
Nihan Tomris Küçün
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Four Temperaments

Over the past decades, Cloninger et al. have developed a biosocial model of personality based on four temperaments and three characteristics. This multidimensional psychobiological model of personality presents in the temperament and character inventory – revised (TCI-R) form. Temperament subscales are novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD), and persistence (P), and character subscales are self-directedness (SD), cooperativeness (CO), and self-transcendence (ST). The study has been used in different disciplines of science, especially in psychology. Behavioral finance is one of these disciplines of science. TCI is frequently used, especially for investor biases. In this chapter, TCI is used to examine the relationship between investor biases and personality. The first three chapters are about personality. Personality, personality approaches, and personality measurement methods examined in these sections. In the fourth part, emotional biases in financial investment decisions searched. In the fifth part, literature studies showing the relationship between personality and financial decisions included. Finally, a field survey is conducted, and findings are revealed.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Personality and Depression in Expectant Parents

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elda Andriola ◽  
Michela Di Trani ◽  
Annarita Grimaldi ◽  
Renato Donfrancesco
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Expectant Fathers ◽  
Expectant Mothers ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship

Several studies assessed the relationship between depression and dimensions of temperament/character using the Cloninger's model of personality and the TCI-R. The aim of this study is clarify the relation between depression and personality in men and women who are expecting a baby. The Temperament and Character Inventory—Revised Form and the Beck Depression Inventory were administered to 65 pregnant women and 37 husbands during the last quarter of pregnancy. ANOVAs showed that pregnant women had higher levels of depression, reward dependence, and self-transcendence than the expectant fathers. Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis in the pregnant women group showed that harm avoidance and self-directedness were significant predictors of the level of depression. In the expectant fathers, only self-directedness was a significant predictor of depression. Low TCI-R self-directedness is a strong predictor of depression in expectant parents during pregnancy regardless of gender, and high TCI-R harm avoidance is an additional predictor of depression in expectant mothers.

Relationship between two dimensional models of personality

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (S2) ◽  
pp. S120-S121 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Calvet ◽  
M. Bricaud ◽  
H. Merveille ◽  
J. Dur ◽  
J.P. Clément
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Self Transcendence

Relationships between the seven dimensions of the Cloninger's psychobiological model (1993) and the five factors of the Costa and McCrae's model (1990) were examined in this study of 200 subjects from French general population. The dimensions of temperament (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence) and character (self-directedness, cooperativeness, self-transcendence) from the Cloninger's model were measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory-125 items (TCI-125) and the Five-Factor Model (FFM) (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness) was evaluated using the NEOPersonality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R). Correlation and multiple regression analyses have highlighted that all the temperamental and character dimensions predict all Neo-PI-R domains and vice versa. There are particularly close relationships between harm avoidance, self-directedness, neuroticism and extraversion; between novelty seeking and extraversion, openness, conscientiousness; between reward dependence, cooperativeness, extraversion, openness and agreeableness; between persistence and conscientiousness; and finally between self-transcendence and agreeableness. As a result, due to their relationship with temperamental dimensions of psychobiological model, the FFM domains could be related to brain monoaminergic activities.

scholarly journals The revised Temperament and Character Inventory: normative data by sex and age from a Spanish normal randomized sample

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Gutierrez-Zotes ◽  
Javier Labad ◽  
Lourdes Martorell ◽  
Ana Gaviria ◽  
Carmen Bayón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Objectives.The psychometric properties regarding sex and age for the revised version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) and its derived short version, the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140), were evaluated with a randomized sample from the community.Methods.A randomized sample of 367 normal adult subjects from a Spanish municipality, who were representative of the general population based on sex and age, participated in the current study. Descriptive statistics and internal consistency according toαcoefficient were obtained for all of the dimensions and facets.T-tests and univariate analyses of variance, followed by Bonferroni tests, were conducted to compare the distributions of the TCI-R dimension scores by age and sex.Results.On both the TCI-R and TCI-140, women had higher scores for Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence and Cooperativeness than men, whereas men had higher scores for Persistence. Age correlated negatively with Novelty Seeking, Reward Dependence and Cooperativeness and positively with Harm Avoidance and Self-transcendence. Young subjects between 18 and 35 years had higher scores than older subjects in NS and RD. Subjects between 51 and 77 years scored higher in both HA and ST. The alphas for the dimensions were between 0.74 and 0.87 for the TCI-R and between 0.63 and 0.83 for the TCI-140.Conclusion.Results, which were obtained with a randomized sample, suggest that there are specific distributions of personality traits by sex and age. Overall, both the TCI-R and the abbreviated TCI-140 were reliable in the ‘good-to-excellent’ range. A strength of the current study is the representativeness of the sample.

Environmental and Possible Genetic Contributions to Character Dimensions of Personality

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 689-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Ono ◽  
Kimio Yoshimura ◽  
Hiroko Mizushima ◽  
Hiroshi Manki ◽  
Gohei Yagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paternal Care ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Second Nature ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Genetic Contributions ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between dimensions of personality characteristics and the perceived rearing attitude of parents in the Japanese population were investigated. The scores on a measure of perceived parental attitude of 153 normal female students, measured on the Parker Parental Bonding Instrument, were correlated with personality features from the Japanese version of the Cloninger Temperament and Character Inventory. Self-directedness, especially the subclasses of Responsibility vs Blaming and Congruent Second Nature vs Incongruent Habits, was significantly related to high scores on Maternal Care and low scores on Maternal Overprotection. The subscale of Self-acceptance vs Self-striving correlated only with low scores on Maternal Overprotection. Paternal Care was only related to the total scale scores on Self-directedness. Results suggest that some personality traits may be related to the perceived attitudes of parents, especially of the mother, during childhood.

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