Effects of Mood Induction on the Recognition Memory of Word Types

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane B. Morel
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
False Identification ◽  
Exact Match ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Induced Mood ◽  
Happy Mood ◽  
Self Reference

Substantially induced sad or happy mood was created through the use of the Velten Depressed or Elated self-reference statements. Emotionally pleasant words were then presented on the computer screen. 24 hours later, either the same or opposite mood was induced prior to the presentation of exact match, mood match, and mood opposite words. Reaction times were faster, and the proportion of correct responses was greater for the exactly matched words. Experimentally induced mood bore some relationship to the speed but not to the accuracy of recognition. The serious decrement of 40% was noted for accuracy for words with ratings of emotion similar to those of the training words. This decrement was based on false identification of the previously encoded words. This suggests that, although semantic memory is cognitively inaccurate, it is affectively accurate

Induced Mood and Selective Attention

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Brand ◽  
L. Verspui ◽  
A. Oving
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Neutral Group ◽  
Induced Mood ◽  
Neutral Mood ◽  
The Mean

Subjects ( N = 60) were randomly assigned to an elated, depressed, or neutral mood-induction condition to assess the effect of mood state on cognitive functioning. In the elated condition film fragments expressing happiness and euphoria were shown. In the depressed condition some frightening and distressing film fragments were presented. The neutral group watched no film. Mood states were measured using the Profile of Mood States, and a Stroop task assessed selective attention. Both were presented by computer. The induction groups differed significantly in the expected direction on the mood subscales Anger, Tension, Depression, Vigour, and Fatigue, and also in the mean scale response times, i.e., slower responses for the depressed condition and faster for the elated one. Differences between conditions were found in the errors on the Stroop: in the depressed condition were the fewest errors and significantly longer error reaction times. Speed of error was associated with self-reported fatigue.

Self-Reference in Recognition Memory Among Severe Alzheimer's Patients

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gross ◽  
Thomas R. Herzog ◽  
Senez Rodriguez-Carbonier ◽  
Mary Harmon ◽  
Natalie Kay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Self Reference

scholarly journals Mood congruency effects are mediated by shifts in salience and central executive network efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 987-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Provenzano ◽  
Philippe Verduyn ◽  
Nicky Daniels ◽  
Philippe Fossati ◽  
Peter Kuppens
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Central Executive ◽  
Network Organization ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Central Executive Network ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Emotions are not confined to short momentary states but carry on over time, facilitating the perception and interpretation of the environment in mood-congruent ways. Yet, the (neural) mechanism linking affective stimulation at a certain time-point to such altered, mood-congruent processing of stimuli presented at a subsequent time-point remains unknown. Recent research suggests that such a link could be explained by transient effects of affective stimulation on the organization of intrinsic macro-scale neural networks. It remains, however, unclear whether these changes in network organization are influencing subsequent perception in a mood-congruent way. Addressing this gap the current study investigated whether changes in network organization, measured in terms of network efficiency, mediate the relation between mood induction and mood-congruent processing as measured by reaction times during an emotional Stroop task. The results demonstrated that negative mood induction increased the efficiency of the salience network and decreased the efficiency of the central executive network. This modulation of network efficiency fully mediated the effects of mood induction on reaction times to negative words. These findings indicate that transient shifts in the organization of macro-scale neural networks are an essential part of the emotional response and can help to explain how affect shapes our interaction with the environment.

scholarly journals Appraisal of self-reference, delusional ideation and memory in a normal sample

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelaine Clair Burley
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Dependent Measure ◽  
Normal Sample ◽  
Achievement Scores ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Self Reference ◽  
Normal Adults

I investigated whether self-referent appraisal bias (SRB) mediates the relation between delusional thinking and self-referent memory (SRM). Forty normal adults participated. Participants rated how much 80 statements were about them on a five-point scale and the ratings were summed to operationalize SRB. Corrected hit rate (Pr) from an incidental recognition memory test for these statements was the dependent measure of SRM. Peters Delusion Inventory (PDI) scores correlated with Pr (r=-.34) and there was a trend toward correlation between SRB and Pr (r=-.25). SRB mediated the relation between PDI score and Pr with age, standardized memory and language achievement scores as covariates (Baron & Kenny, 1986). Bootstrapping analyses confirmed that the change in the model was significant with SRB as a mediator. These findings suggest that individual differences, such as SRB, mediate SRM performance. This suggests that such subtle biases could mediate cognitive impairment in psychosis, which has implications for treatment.

scholarly journals Bodily action penetrates affective perception

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Fantoni ◽  
Sara Rigutti ◽  
Walter Gerbino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Induced Mood ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Affective Perception ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Fantoni & Gerbino (2014) showed that subtle postural shifts associated with reaching can have a strong hedonic impact and affect how actors experience facial expressions of emotion. Using a novel Motor Action Mood Induction Procedure (MAMIP), they found consistent congruency effects in participants who performed a facial emotionidentificationtask after a sequence of visually-guided reaches: a face perceived as neutral in a baseline condition appeared slightly happy after comfortable actions and slightly angry after uncomfortable actions. However, skeptics about the penetrability of perception (Zeimbekis & Raftopoulos, 2015) would consider such evidence insufficient to demonstrate that observer’s internal states induced by action comfort/discomfort affect perception in a top-down fashion. The action-modulated mood might have produced a back-end memory effect capable of affecting post-perceptual and decision processing, but not front-end perception.Here, we present evidence that performing a facial emotiondetection(not identification) task after MAMIP exhibits systematic mood-congruentsensitivitychanges, rather than responsebiaschanges attributable to cognitive set shifts; i.e., we show that observer’s internal states induced by bodily action can modulate affective perception. The detection threshold forhappinesswas lower after fifty comfortable than uncomfortable reaches; while the detection threshold forangerwas lower after fifty uncomfortable than comfortable reaches. Action valence induced an overall sensitivity improvement in detecting subtle variations of congruent facial expressions (happiness afterpositivecomfortable actions, anger afternegativeuncomfortable actions), in the absence of significant response bias shifts. Notably, both comfortable and uncomfortable reaches impact sensitivity in an approximately symmetric way relative to a baseline inaction condition. All of these constitute compelling evidence of a genuine top-down effect on perception: specifically, facial expressions of emotion arepenetrableby action-induced mood. Affective priming by action valence is a candidate mechanism for the influence of observer’s internal states on properties experienced as phenomenally objective and yet loaded with meaning.

scholarly journals Keep Calm and Pump Up the Jams: How Musical Mood and Arousal Affect Visual Attention

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205920432092273
Author(s):  
Angela Marti-Marca ◽  
Tram Nguyen ◽  
Jessica A. Grahn
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Background Music ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Induced Mood ◽  
Cueing Task ◽  
Intermediate Performance

Music is a prevalent part of everyday life and there has been a great deal of interest in the possibility that music facilitates cognition, including memory. Listening to background music has a modulatory effect on internal mood and arousal states, putting the listeners at the optimal levels necessary to enhance memory performance. However, there has been little research on how music-induced mood and arousal influence other aspects of cognition, in particular attention. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of background music on visual attention. Participants rated an assortment of music clips on mood and arousal levels. The clips that participants rated most positive or negative in mood and highest or lowest in arousal were used during an adaptation of the Posner cueing task ( Posner, 1980 ). This visual attention task was either performed in silence or while listening to background music. A significant interaction between mood and arousal was observed. Participants were fastest when listening to high arousal positive music and slowest when listening to high arousal negative music. Intermediate performance occurred for low arousal negative and low arousal positive music. Thus, changes in music-induced mood and arousal can indeed alter reaction times, with opposite effects observed for high arousal music based on whether it is perceived as positive or negative in mood. However, there is no evidence that musical mood and arousal affect attention because mood and arousal levels do not alter the effect of congruency on either reaction times or accuracy. Thus, although reaction times are faster in the presence of high arousal positive music, this appears unrelated to effects on attention.

scholarly journals A Fast Visual Recognition Memory System in Humans Identified Using Intracerebral ERP

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 2961-2971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Despouy ◽  
Jonathan Curot ◽  
Martin Deudon ◽  
Ludovic Gardy ◽  
Marie Denuelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Fast Recognition

Abstract One key item of information retrieved when surveying our visual world is whether or not objects are familiar. However, there is no consensus on the respective roles of medial temporal lobe structures, particularly the perirhinal cortex (PRC) and hippocampus. We considered whether the PRC could support a fast recognition memory system independently from the hippocampus. We recorded the intracerebral electroencephalograph activity of epileptic patients while they were performing a fast visual recognition memory task, constraining them to use their quickest strategy. We performed event-related potential (ERP) and classification analyses. The PRC was, by far, the earliest region involved in recognition memory. This activity occurred before the first behavioral responses and was found to be related to reaction times, unlike the hippocampus. Single-trial analyses showed that decoding power was equivalent in the PRC and hippocampus but occurred much earlier in the PRC. A critical finding was that recognition memory-related activity occurred in different frontal and parietal regions, including the supplementary motor area, before the hippocampus. These results, based on ERP analyses, suggest that the human brain is equipped with a fast recognition memory system, which may bypass the hippocampus and in which the PRC plays a critical role.

Effects of Mood State and Favorability of Feedback on Reactions to Performance Feedback

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie B. Hammer ◽  
Eugene F. Stone-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Induced Mood ◽  
Experimentally Induced

An experimental simulation involving 55 women assessed the main and interactive effects of experimentally induced mood state (positive vs negative) and favorability of performance feedback (positive vs negative) on the perceived accuracy of feedback. The study was conducted in two sessions. During Session I the subjects role-played the position of an advertising agent and worked on an advertising task. In Session II they were administered either a positive or negative mood induction, given positive or negative feedback on the advertising task, and completed a measure of the perceived accuracy of feedback. Regression analyses indicated support for hypothesized main and interactive effects, suggesting that mood state and favorability of feedback interactively affect the perceived accuracy of received feedback.

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