Semantic Reasoning of Product Biologically Inspired Design Based on BERT

Bionic reasoning is a significant process in product biologically inspired design (BID), in which designers search for creatures and products that are matched for design. Several studies have tried to assist designers in bionic reasoning, but there are still limits. Designers’ bionic reasoning thinking in product BID is vague, and there is a lack of fuzzy semantic search methods at the sentence level. This study tries to assist designers’ bionic semantic reasoning in product BID. First, experiments were conducted to determine the designer’s bionic reasoning thinking in top-down and bottom-up processes. Bionic mapping relationships, including affective perception, form, function, material, and environment, were obtained. Second, the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) pretraining model was used to calculate the semantic similarity of product description sentences and biological sentences so that designers could choose the high-ranked results to finish bionic reasoning. Finally, we used a product BID example to show the bionic semantic reasoning process and verify the feasibility of the method.

Training Effects on Affective Perception of Body Movements

What leads us to enjoy watching others’ bodies in motion? In this chapter, the authors discuss their motivation to explore how our bodily experiences, especially in the form of dance training, shape our perceptions and preferences for watching others move, especially in dance contexts. They highlight findings from several studies that they conducted to investigate how general dance experience (or lack thereof) influences our enjoyment of watching dance and how acquiring experience specifically related to the dance piece being observed shapes the pleasure we derive from watching that piece specifically. Overall, our work finds that the richer experience an observer has with learning particular dance movements, the more enjoyment that observer derived from watching those movements. This research underscores the utility of dance as a stimulus and training intervention for addressing key questions relevant to human neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, particularly in the domain of neuroaesthetics.

Peripersonal space

Research in cognitive neuroscience indicates that we process the space surrounding our body in a specific way, both for protecting our body from immediate danger and for interacting with the environment. This research has direct implications for philosophical issues as diverse as self-location, sensorimotor theories of perception, and affective perception. This chapter briefly describes the overall directions that some of these discussions might take. But, beforehand, it is important to fully grasp what the notion of peripersonal space involves. One of the most difficult questions that the field has had to face these past 30 years is to define peripersonal space. Although it bears some relations to the social notion of personal space, to the sensorimotor notion of reaching space and to the spatial notion of egocentric space, there is something unique about peripersonal space and the special way we represent it. One of the main challenges is thus to offer a satisfactory definition of peripersonal space that is specific enough to account for its peculiar spatial, multisensory, plastic, and motor properties. Emphasis can be put on perception or on action, but also on impact prediction or defence preparation. However, each new definition brings with it new methods to experimentally investigate peripersonal space. There is then the risk of losing the unity of the notion of peripersonal space within this multiplicity of conceptions and methods. This chapter offers an overview of the key notions in the field, the way they have been operationalized, and the questions they leave open.

THE EFFECT OF NON-MUSLIM COMMUNITY’S PERCEPTION ON INTEREST IN BECOMING SYARIAH BANK CUSTOMERS IN THE CITY OF BEKASI, WEST JAVA

This study aims to determine whether the cognitive perception, affective perception, and conative perception variables affect the people’s interest to become customers of Islamic banks in Bekasi City. It uses quantitative methods. As it uses the Slovin formula, the number of respondents was 100 out of a total population of 320,984 non-Muslim community in Bekasi City. The data analysis in this study adopted Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach and the data was processed using PLS 3.0. Based on the results of the data analysis, cognitive variables and affective variables do not have a significant effect on the people’s interest in becoming customers of Islamic banks in Bekasi City, while the conative variables have a significant effect on the people’s interest in becoming customers of Islamic banks in Bekasi City.

A causal test of the mechanisms by which affect state biases affective perception

In this study, we merged methods from machine learning and human neuroimaging to causally test the role of self-induced affect states in biasing the affective perception of subsequent image stimuli. To test this causal relationship, we developed a novel paradigm in which (n=40) healthy adult participants observed multivariate neural decodings of their real-time functional magnetic resonance image (rtfMRI) responses as feedback to guide explicit regulation of their brain (and corollary affect processing) state towards a positive valence goal state. By this method, individual differences in affect regulation ability were controlled. Attaining this brain-affect goal state triggered the presentation of pseudo-randomly selected affectively congruent (positive valence) or incongruent (negative valence) image stimuli drawn from the International Affective Picture Set. Separately, subjects passively viewed randomly triggered positively and negatively valenced image stimuli during fMRI acquisition. Multivariate neural decodings of the affect processing induced by these stimuli were modeled using the task trial type (state-versus randomly-triggered) as the fixed-effect of a general linear mixed effects model. Random effects were modeled subject-wise. We found that self-induction of a positive affective valence state significantly positively biased the perceived valence of subsequent stimuli. As a manipulation check, we validated affective state induction achieved by the image stimuli using independent psychophysiological response measures of hedonic valence and autonomic arousal. We also validated the predictive fidelity of the trained neural decoding models for brain states induced by an out-of-sample set of image stimuli. Beyond its contribution to our understanding of the neural mechanisms that bias affect processing, this work demonstrated the viability of novel experimental paradigms triggered by pre-defined affective cognitive states. This line of individual differences experimentation potentially provides scientists with a valuable tool for causal exploration of the roles and identities of intrinsic cognitive processing mechanisms that shape our perceptual processing of sensory stimuli.

Emotional Facial Expression Perception and Processing in AUD Subgroups

Deficits in emotion processing among individuals with AUD are well accepted, however the potential impact of polysubstance use in this population remains uninvestigated. The current work begins to fill this gap by analyzing affective perception and processing in community controls (CCs) and two AUD subgroups differentiated by presence (Alc-Drug) or absence (Alc-Only) of polysubstance use. Behavioral task performance and electroencephalographic (EEG) indices (N170, P3) were measured for an emotion judgement task where participants classified emotional facial expressions (EFEs) morphed to 65 or 95 percent intensity. Mixed model analyses detected deficits in emotion classification accuracy among Alc-Drug relative to other groups. Although there was a main effect of emotion (greater accuracy for positive vs. negative emotions), there was no group by emotion interaction. N170 amplitude analyses found only a main effect for emotion (greater amplitude for negative vs. positive emotions). P3 amplitude analyses detected differences between control and AUD individuals, but no difference between AUD subgroups. No correlation was found between accuracy and ERP amplitudes. These findings contribute to the developing literature on emotional processing deficits in AUD, including highlighting the importance of considering polysubstance use in characterizing these deficits.