Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale: Replication and Methodological Refinement

Abstract. The present research aimed at examining measurement invariance of the Serbian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) across age, gender, and time. A total sample in Study 1 consisted of 2,595 participants from Serbia, with a mean age of 23.79 years (age range: 14–55 years). The final sample in Study 2 included 333 Serbian undergraduate students ( Mage = 20.81; age range: 20–27 years), who completed the SWLS over periods of 6 and 18 months after the initial assessment. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the modified unidimensional model of the SWLS, with correlated residuals of items 4 and 5 tapping past satisfaction. The results of the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported the full scalar invariance across gender and over time and partial scalar invariance across age. Latent mean comparisons revealed that women reported higher life satisfaction than men. Additionally, adolescents reported higher life satisfaction than students and adults, with adults showing the lowest life satisfaction. Our findings indicate that the SWLS allows meaningful comparisons in life satisfaction across age, gender, and over time.

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Pengujian Model Pengukuran Congeneric, Tau-Equivalent dan Parallel pada Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)

Psympathic Jurnal ilmiah Psikologi ◽

10.15575/psy.v7i2.6405 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 285-298

Author(s):

Yonathan Natanael ◽

Yusak Novanto

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Ordinal Scale ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale

Many researchers make an error in data analysis, where researchers analyzing data using the raw score on the instrument with an ordinal scale. Error in the use of raw score for an instrument with an ordinal scale can be overcome by using measurement model testing, namely tau-equivalent and parallel. The purpose of this study is to examine the best measurement model of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The research method is Secondary Data Analysis approach (SDA). The secondary data was combined from two previous studies. The quantitative research analysis technique used to test the three measurement models in SWLS was confirmatory factor analysis. The unidimensional model of confirmatory factor analysis indicates that tau-equivalent is the best measurement model in SWLS testing (χ2(9)=13.759, p > .05 and RMSEA < .05). Based on the result, an implication measuring instruments using raw score can be used while measurement model testing of an instrument is tau-equivalent.

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Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.79.3.1316 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 1316-1318 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

M. E. Shevlin ◽

B. P. Bunting

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Single Factor ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale ◽

Single Construct

The dimensionality of the Satisfaction With Life Scale was assessed by a single-factor confirmatory factor analysis. The data were consistent with the model, indicating that the scale measures a single construct.

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Measurement Invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale Across 26 Countries

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology ◽

10.1177/0022022117697844 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 560-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Seulki Jang ◽

Eun Sook Kim ◽

Chunhua Cao ◽

Tammy D. Allen ◽

Cary L. Cooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Invariance Testing ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a commonly used life satisfaction scale. Cross-cultural researchers use SWLS to compare mean scores of life satisfaction across countries. Despite the wide use of SWLS in cross-cultural studies, measurement invariance of SWLS has rarely been investigated, and previous studies showed inconsistent findings. Therefore, we examined the measurement invariance of SWLS with samples collected from 26 countries. To test measurement invariance, we utilized three measurement invariance techniques: (a) multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA), (b) multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (ML-CFA), and (c) alignment optimization methods. The three methods demonstrated that configural and metric invariances of life satisfaction held across 26 countries, whereas scalar invariance did not. With partial invariance testing, we identified that the intercepts of Items 2, 4, and 5 were noninvariant. Based on two invariant intercepts, factor means of countries were compared. Chile showed the highest factor mean; Spain and Bulgaria showed the lowest. The findings enhance our understanding of life satisfaction across countries, and they provide researchers and practitioners with practical guidance on how to conduct measurement invariance testing across countries.

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Psychometric properties and factor structure of the satisfaction with life scale in an elderly portuguese students sample.

Anales de Psicología ◽

10.6018/analesps.34.1.267381 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 146

Author(s):

Yolanda López-Ramos ◽

Esperanza Navarro-Pardo ◽

Juan José Fernández Muñoz ◽

Ricardo Filipe Da Silva Pocinho

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Future Research ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale ◽

Best Fitting ◽

Negative Relationships

<p>The main purpose of this study is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) in a 363 retirees students sample from several Portuguese universities. The 70% were female (253) and 30% were male (110) with an average age of 67 years (SD = 7.59) and a range from 48 to 90 years. R commander was used for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Amos 18.0 module for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). One factor solution was the best-fitting model. The internal consistency of the SWLS was .769. Correlational analysis showed negative relationships with loneliness (UCLA Scale) and symptoms of depression (15-GDS), supporting concurrent validity. The SWLS can be used with confidence in future research among elderly students to measure their life satisfaction. Some limitations of the results and its applications in other samples are discussed.</p>

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Adaptasi dan uji properti psikometrik The PERMA-Profiler pada orang Indonesia

Persona Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia ◽

10.30996/persona.v10i1.4986 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 81-103

Author(s):

Diana Elfida ◽

Mirra Noor Milla ◽

Winarini Wilman D. Mansoer ◽

Bagus Takwin

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor

AbstractThe PERMA-Profiler is a well-being instrument which combines the hedonic and eudaimonic perspective of well-being. This instrument was developed based on well-being theory (Seligman, 2012) which explained well-being as a multidimensional construct, included positive emotion, engagement, relationship, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA). This study aimed to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of the PERMA-Profiler in Indonesian people. The participants were 439 Indonesians, aged 17-63 years old (mean age = 30,82; SD = 10,00). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to test the measurement model of PERMA. The result showed that the PERMA-Profiler met the goodness of fit criteria as a multi dimensional construct with five elements. Fourteen items have satisfactory factor loading. The PERMA-Profiler has good construct reliability as well as Cronbach’s alpha. The convergent validity was shown by the positive correlation between elements of PERMA with satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and subjective happiness scale (SHS). In addition, the significant correlation between elements and each element with a total score proved the multidimensional nature of PERMA. The overall findings showed that the adaptation version of PERMA-Profiler have a good psychometric property and could be applied to Indonesian people.Keywords: confirmatory factor analysis; PERMA; reliability; validity; well-being AbstrakThe PERMA-Profiler merupakan instrumen kebahagiaan yang memadukan perspektif hedonik dan eudaimonik untuk mengukur kebahagiaan. Instrumen ini mengacu pada well-being theory (M. E. P. Seligman, 2012) yang menjelaskan kebahagiaan sebagai konstruk multidimensi, meliputi positive emotion, engagement, relationship, meaning, dan accomplishment (PERMA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengadaptasi dan menguji properti psikometrik the PERMA-Profiler pada orang Indonesia. Partisipan berjumlah 439 orang Indonesia (pria = 108, wanita = 331) dan berusia antara 17- 63 tahun (usia rerata = 30,82 tahun; SD = 10,00). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) digunakan untuk menguji model pengukuran. Hasil CFA memperlihatkan the PERMA-Profiler memenuhi kriteria kecocokan model sebagai konstruk multidimensi yang terdiri dari lima elemen. Terdapat 14 dari 15 aitem yang valid. Keempatbelas aitem juga yang mengukur satu konstruk tunggal yaitu well-being. The PERMA-Profiler juga memperlihatkan reliabilitas komposit dan konsistensi internal yang memuaskan. Korelasi positif yang signifikan dengan pengukuran skala kepuasan hidup dan skala kebahagiaan umum menunjukkan PERMA-Profiler memenuhi validitas konvergen. Setiap dimensi berkorelasi signifikan satu sama lain dan dengan skor total. Temuan ini memperlihatkan hasil adaptasi the PERMA-Profiler memiliki properti psikometrik yang bagus dan dapat diterapkan pada orang Indonesia.Kata Kunci: confirmatory factor analysis; kebahagiaan; PERMA; reliabilitas; validitas

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VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE GREEK VERSION OF THE SATISFACTION WITH LIFE SCALE (SWLS)

10.36106/2715007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 214-216

Author(s):

Eleni Theodoropoulou

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Greek Version ◽

Factor Solution ◽

Coef Cients ◽

Life Scale

The current study examined the validity and reliability of the Greek version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). An exploratory factor analysis was performed in a sample of 360 students (M ± SD = 23.54 ± 5.96 years). In addition, a conrmatory factor analysis was applied in a second sample of 726 adults (M ± SD = 38.80 ± 13.64 years). Further, associations were examined among the SWLS and physical activity and various socio-demographic variables. Results indicated a one-factor solution for the SWLS and satisfactory validity and reliability coefcients.

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Reliability and Validity of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale Among Chinese College Students

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.2016.44.5.727 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 727-736

Author(s):

Xueting Zhou ◽

Siyao Wu ◽

Hong Zhu ◽

Taisheng Cai

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽

Chinese College Students ◽

Life Scale ◽

Valid Instrument

Our objective was to revise the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (PANPS) and then to test the reliability and validity of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale-Chinese Revised (PANPS-CR). University students (N = 378) completed the PANPS, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Two student samples (N = 519 and 458) completed the PANPS-CR. Results of Pearson's correlation coefficients, independent samples t tests, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the PANPS-CR is a reliable and valid instrument to assess positive and negative aspects of perfectionism among Chinese college students.

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Incremental validity of the comprehensive inventory of thriving in predicting self-reporting mental and physical health among community populations

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105318755265 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (10-11) ◽

pp. 1366-1373 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wenjie Duan ◽

Yujia Fei ◽

Jinli Zhao ◽

Xiaolong Guo

Keyword(s):

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Doctor Visits ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale ◽

Mental And Physical Health ◽

Efficient Screening

This study examined psychometric properties and 1-year predictive validity of the Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving in China. In total, 556 participants in Chinese communities completed the Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving for confirmatory factor analysis. The other 533 individuals further completed the Flourishing Scale and Satisfaction With Life Scale and reported their physical and mental health 1 year later. The 18-factor correlated model showed a better goodness-of-fit than the seven-factor second-order related model. Thriving had higher correlation coefficients with depression, anxiety, stress, and doctor visits. The Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving is an efficient screening tool to differentiate the risk group from other groups and can predict health outcomes among community populations for active interventions.

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Psychometric Evaluation of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) in Azerbaijan

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v9i3.5103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Narmin Osmanli ◽

Anar Babayev ◽

Ikram Rustamov ◽

Kerim M. Munir

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Psychometric Evaluation ◽

Well Being ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Factorial Structure ◽

Life Scale ◽

Valid Instrument ◽

Good Internal Consistency

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a globally recognized scale for the measurementof subjective well-being in more than thirty six languages. Currently there is no adaptedversion of the SCWS in Azerbaijani language. The aim of the present study was to completeforward and backward translations of the SWLS and maintaining equivalence to examine itspsychometric properties in a sample of 374 subjects in Azerbaijan. The results showed thatthe Azerbaijani version of SWLS had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.81) withconfirmatory factor analysis showing a single factorial structure. The findings suggest that theAzerbaijani version of the SWLS is a valid instrument to use among Azerbaijan samples.

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