Hemispheric Processing Characteristics for Lexical Decisions in Adults with Reading Disorders

2001 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna M. Walker ◽  
Hiller Spires ◽  
Michael P. Rastatter
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Stimulus Type ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Reading Disorders ◽  
Lexical Decisions ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Lexical Transfer

The present study measured unilateral tachistoscopic vocal reaction times and error responses of reading-disordered and normally reading adults to single words and nonwords in a series of lexical decision tasks at two linguistic levels (concrete and abstract words). Analysis of variance on reaction times indicated that main effects of stimulus type, visual field, and the interaction of these variables were not significant for the reading-disordered group, but visual field and an interaction of visual field and stimulus type were for the normally reading adults. Error rate showed a significant interaction of stimulus x visual field for the reading-disordered group but not for the normal reading group. Post hoc tests showed significant differences in error rates between visual fields for concrete lexicon but not for abstract or nonsense lexicon for the reading-disordered group. These findings suggest a deficit in interhemispheric lexical transfer occurs for reading-disordered samples and suggest use of a callosal relay model wherein the left hemisphere is allocated responsibility for performing central operations underlying lexical decisions by adults with reading disorders.

Hemispheric Specialization for Processing Chinese Characters: Some Evidence from Lexical Decision Vocal Reaction Times

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Gail Scukanec ◽  
Jeff Grilliot
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Error Type ◽  
Chinese Subjects

Lexical decision vocal reaction times (RT) were obtained for a group of Chinese subjects to unilateral tachistoscopically presented pictorial, single, and combination Chinese characters. The RT showed a significant right visual-field advantage, with significant correlations of performance between the visual fields for each type of character. Error analysis gave a significant interaction between visual fields and error type—significantly more false positive errors occurred following left visual-field inputs. These results suggest that the left hemisphere was responsible for processing each type of character, possibly reflecting superior postaccess lexical-decision processes.

Use of Magnitude-Estimation Scaling for Predicting Hemispheric Processing of Lexical Decisions

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee W. Ellis ◽  
Joan N. Kaderavek ◽  
Michael P. Rastatter
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hemispheric Processing ◽  
Lexical Decisions ◽  
Significant Magnitude ◽  
Abstract Words

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and validity of magnitude-estimation scaling as an alternative to a traditional, somewhat more cumbersome reaction-time procedure in the assessment of hemispheric processing asymmetry. Lexical decision vocal reaction times and magnitude-estimation scaling values were obtained for 16 normal subjects to tachistoscopically presented concrete and abstract words. Analysis of variance showed identical interactions of field x stimuli for each dependent variable while all pair-wise correlations between these measures were significant. Magnitude-estimation scaling may be a sensitive measure of visual psychophysical differences in hemispheric processing and may circumvent problems with variance of latencies associated with disordered populations.

Vocal Reaction Times to Tachistoscopically Presented High- and Low-Frequency Verbs: Some Evidence for Selective Minor Hemisphere Linguistic Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Catherine Loren
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Intact Brain ◽  
The Right

The current study investigated the capacity of the right hemisphere to process verbs using a paradigm proven reliable for predicting differential, minor hemisphere lexical analysis in the normal, intact brain. Vocal reaction times of normal subjects were measured to unilaterally presented verbs of high and of low frequency. A significant interaction was noted between the stimulus items and visual fields. Post hoc tests showed that vocal reaction times to verbs of high frequency were significantly faster following right visual-field presentations (right hemisphere). No significant differences in vocal reaction time occurred between the two visual fields for the verbs of low frequency. Also, significant differences were observed between the two types of verbs following left visual-field presentation but not the right. These results were interpreted to suggest that right-hemispheric analysis was restricted to the verbs of high frequency in the presence of a dominant left hemisphere.

Vocal Reaction Times of Stuttering Subjects to Tachistoscopically Presented Concrete and Abstract Words

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Carl Dell
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Functional Localization ◽  
Past Data ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
The Right

The present study was an attempt to investigate further the issues pertaining to cerebral organization for visual language processing in the stuttering population. Employing a lexical decision task, vocal reaction times were obtained for a group of 14 stutterers to unilateral, tachistoscopically presented concrete and abstract words. Results of an analysis of variance showed that a significant interaction occurred between visual fields and stimuli. Posthoc tests showed that the right hemisphere was superior for analyzing the concrete words while the left hemisphere was responsible for processing the abstract items. Compared to past data from normal subjects, these findings were interpreted as suggesting that some form of linguistic competition may exist between the two hemispheres, possibly reflecting a disturbance in functional localization in the stuttering population.

Influence of Vocabulary-Age on Unilateral Picture-Naming Reaction Times of Normal Subjects

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Richard McGuire ◽  
Gail Scukanec
Keyword(s):  
Picture Naming ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
The Right ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Developmental Hierarchy

The present study measured naming reaction times of normal subjects to unilaterally presented pictures corresponding to vocabulary levels of < 5.5, 9.5–10.5, and >18.0 years of age. An analysis of variance of latencies showed a significant interaction between visual fields and stimuli. Post hoc tests were interpreted to suggest that the normal right hemisphere was capable of performing certain differential picture encoding operations up to 10.5 years of age and not beyond. Also, unlike the left hemisphere, the right hemisphere does not appear to be organized on a developmental hierarchy, which corresponds with the clinical literature.

Hemispheric Picture-Naming Hierarchies in Stuttering Subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Andrew Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Picture Naming ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Right ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Naming Latencies ◽  
Verbal Output ◽  
Vocabulary Score

The present study was done to investigate the linguistic organization of the right hemisphere of stuttering subjects and the interhemispheric interactions that underlie verbal output in this population. Naming reaction times of 14 stuttering adults were measured to unilaterally presented pictures corresponding to vocabulary levels of <5.5, 9.5–10.5, and > 18.0 years of age. An analysis of variance of latencies showed a significant main effect for picture vocabulary-age. Post hoc tests were interpreted as suggesting that the right hemisphere of stuttering subjects was capable of differential picture-encoding operations in a manner similar to the left hemisphere of normal speakers. Also, naming latencies favored left visual-field stimulations by 34 msec. Taken with significant and high correlations between visual fields for each level of picture vocabulary score, the right hemispheres of the stuttering subjects appeared responsible for picture-encoding operations. Left-hemispheric stimulus processing was not predicted, suggesting differences may exist in interhemispheric interactions underlying picture-naming functions in stuttering populations.

Some Effects of Advanced Aging on the Visual-Language Processing Capacity of the Left and Right Hemispheres

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Richard A. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Error Type ◽  
Left And Right

The present study investigated the effects of advanced aging on hemispheric organization for visual-linguistic processing. Lexical decision vocal-reaction times of geriatric subjects were measured for unilaterally presented concrete and abstract nouns in an attempt to obtain an index of differential left and right hemispheric processing ability. Results of an ANOVA procedure showed that reaction times were significantly faster when subjects were presented the stimulus items in their right visual fields, regardless of whether the item was a concrete or abstract word. An ANOVA procedure applied to the arcsine of the percentages of occurrence of false-positive and false-negative error types showed a significant interaction between the error type and visual field variables. Post hoc tests showed left visual field, false-positive errors occurred significantly more often than the remaining visual field, error type configurations. Finally, for the reaction time data, a significant correlation existed between the two visual fields for the concrete and abstract items. Collectively, such findings were consistent with a callosal relay model of neurolinguistic organization, suggesting that the right hemisphere’s ability to perform lexical decisions was diminished in the present group of elderly subjects.

Technology Study on the Perception of Stereopsis in Fovea Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 1022 ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Xiang Bo Han ◽  
Hui Ling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Technology Study ◽  
Random Dot Stereograms ◽  
Left And Right

Random-dot stereograms were used as stimuli to investigate the perception of stereopsis in fovea field. The response of every subject was recorded in different positions in the fovea field: upper, lower, left, right field and with different eccentricities of 1.39º, 1.93º, 2.48º, 3.02º, 3.57º. The results showed that reaction times increased with increasing eccentricities wherever the disparity zone was presented relative to the fixation point. No significant differences were found between reaction times to the upper and lower visual fields. And there were no significant differences between left and right visual field. But there were marked superiorities for reaction times between upper and right field at all eccentricities.

scholarly journals The role of orthographic neighbourhood effects in lateralized lexical decision: a replication study and meta-analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11266
Author(s):  
Adam J. Parker ◽  
Ciara Egan ◽  
Jack H. Grant ◽  
Sophie Harte ◽  
Brad T. Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Facilitative Role ◽  
The Right ◽  
Future Work

The effect of orthographic neighbourhood size (N) on lexical decision reaction time differs when words are presented in the left or right visual fields. Evidence suggests a facilitatory N effect (i.e., faster reaction times for words with larger neighbourhoods) in the left visual field. However, the N effect in the right visual field remains controversial: it may have a weaker facilitative role or it may even be inhibitory. In a pre-registered online experiment, we replicated the interaction between N and visual field and provided support for an inhibitory N effect in the right visual field. We subsequently conducted a pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the available evidence and determine the direction of N effects across visual fields. Based on the evidence, it would seem the effect is inhibitory in the right visual field. Furthermore, the size of the N effect is considerably smaller in the right visual field. Both studies revealed considerable heterogeneity between participants and studies, and we consider the implications of this for future work.

Hemispheric Specialization for Processing Chinese Characters: Some Evidence from Lexical Decision Vocal Reaction Times

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Gail Scukanec ◽  
Jeff Grilliot
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Error Type ◽  
Chinese Subjects

Lexical decision vocal reaction times (RT) were obtained for a group of Chinese subjects to unilateral tachistoscopically presented pictorial, single, and combination Chinese characters. The RT showed a significant right visual-field advantage, with significant correlations of performance between the visual fields for each type of character. Error analysis gave a significant interaction between visual fields and error type—significantly more false positive errors occurred following left visual-field inputs. These results suggest that the left hemisphere was responsible for processing each type of character, possibly reflecting superior postaccess lexical-decision processes.

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