Cognitive Functioning in Acute and Remitted Psychiatric Patients

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Goldstein ◽  
Leonard F. Salzman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Discharge Home ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Tests of vocabulary and abstraction administered to groups of schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients at time of hospital admission and at time of clinical remission and discharge home revealed some evidence of general cognitive impairment in both groups, with significant improvement by time of discharge, as well as evidence of continuing specific conceptual impairment among schizophrenics.

Predicting Symptomatic and Behavioural Outcomes of Community Care

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Til Wykes
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Patient Functioning ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

BackgroundMany studies of community care show little overall improvement in patient functioning. This study investigated whether cognitive impairment mediates the effect of the increased opportunities offered by the community.MethodBehaviour, symptoms, sociodemographic variables and information processing of a random sample of chronic psychiatric patients were examined. Six years later, social and behavioural outcomes were measured.ResultsThe overall change in the group was negligible. Individual variation can be accounted for by two factors: time since transfer to the community, and initial information processing problems. Patients transferred for at least three years showed significant improvements. Schizophrenic patients without information processing problems improved, but those with deficits got worse.ConclusionsThe identification of mediating factors should allow better rehabilitation plans, and alleviate the toxic effects that transfer has on some patients' functioning.

scholarly journals Using Short-Term Concentration Measures and Intelligence in Rehabilitation Settings

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1368-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Kirkcaldy
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Sheltered Workshop ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Personal Threat ◽  
Structure Similarity ◽  
Analysis Error ◽  
Practical Level

Psychological assessment of cognitive functioning among clinical groups that include psychiatric and geriatric patients is a difficult task. This study examines the interrelationship between intelligence and concentrative ability for a group of psychiatric patients. Intellectual and concentrative ability were assessed among a group of 85, predominantly schizophrenic, patients (mean age 32 years) from a Sheltered Workshop (GWN) and neurological-psychiatric institutionalized care units within the Neuss region of North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany. Moderate bivariate relationships were found between all IQ subtests and the concentration performance variables (d2). A substantial overlap in variance was found between “nonverbal” intelligence and the concentration variables (using multiple regression and discrimination analysis). Error rate on the concentration task was significantly negatively correlated with the IQ variables, the magnitude of the correlation coefficient increasing as a function of the time on the task. Future studies would benefit from comparisons in factor structure similarity between abnormal and normal groups as well as between-clinical groups. At a practical level, the relatively easy use (less complex administration) and less obtrusive (hence, low level of personal threat) and inexpensive procedures of the letter cancellation task makes it a useful, albeit “approximate”, measure of cognitive functioning.

Disorientation in Chronic Psychiatric Patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 864-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Schizophrenic Group ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

Objective: To explore the effect of chronic institutionalization on cognitive performance in chronic psychiatric patients with emphasis on age disorientation, a phenomenon that was found in previous research to occur in up to 25% of chronic schizophrenic patients. Method: One hundred and ten chronic psychiatric patients, forming 4 main groups—schizophrenic patients, nonschizophrenic patients, institutionalized, and noninstitutionalized—were examined for age disorientation (inability to give one's chronological age correctly on request), and their Minimental State scores (MMSE) were compared across the 4 groups. Results: Twelve out of 43 patients (26%) who were institutionalized according to our definition were age-disoriented and had significantly lower MMSE scores than the other 3 groups. The chronic, noninstitutionalized schizophrenic group and the other chronic psychiatric patients, whether they were institutionalized or not, were negative for this phenomenon. One of the 12 age-disoriented patients was age delusional, and 5 of the 12 had a total MMSE score consistent with dementia (21 or lower). Conclusion: Age disorientation is a specific phenomenon that characterizes a subgroup of chronically ill and institutionalized schizophrenic patients. It is unlikely that chronicity per se or prolonged hospitalization alone will lead to cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals The Association between Physical Activity and Selected Parameters of Psychological Status and Dementia in Older Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7549
Author(s):  
Angelika Cisek-Woźniak ◽  
Kinga Mruczyk ◽  
Rafał W. Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
The Impact

Physical activity has an unquestionable impact on broadly understood human health. One interesting issue related to this is the importance of movement on mental health and cognitive functioning. Research shows that regular physical activity improves the cognitive functioning of adults and people with mental disorders. Regular physical activity can be an important and powerful protective factor in cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly, and exercise is an important non-pharmacological treatment for mild cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to present the impact of physical activity on selected cognitive functions in physically active women over 60 years of age. The research was carried out in a group of 110 generally healthy women from the area of western Poland over 60 years of age, who were divided into four groups based on the intensity of their physical activity. A pedometer (sport watch) and a physical activity diary were used to measure physical activity. Body Mass Index was assessed. Selected cognitive functions were assessed using the MMSE test, motor and psychomotor skills were measured, and Luria’s auditory memory test and recall test, a clock drawing test, and a GDS test were performed. There were statistically significant relationships between the level of physical activity and the effectiveness of cognitive processes. These results show that about 5000 steps a day is enough to see a positive effect on the mental health and cognitive functioning of this group of the elderly population. The women had an average BMI of 28.1 ± 4.7. BMI, indicating an overweight condition (over 30 kg/m2), was observed in 31% of women. The results of this study lead the authors to conclude that physical activity positively influences cognitive function and can be recommended for all seniors who do not have other serious comorbidities that would prevent them from playing sports.

Treatment of tardive dyskinesia

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Neuroleptic drugs cause many forms of extra-pyramidal syndromes. One of these, tardive dyskinesia,1 occurs only after the patient has been taking the drug for some time (‘tardive’ refers to the late onset). The movements are involuntary and repetitive usually involving the face and tongue, but they may also affect the limbs and trunk. Tongue protrusion, licking and smacking of the lips, sucking and chewing movements, grimacing, grunting, blinking and furrowing of the forehead have all been described and attributed to long-continued medication with neuroleptic drugs of the phenothiazine, butyrophenone and thioxanthene groups. The patient can inhibit the movements, but anxiety makes them worse. Many of these symptoms were noticed in schizophrenic patients before neuroleptic drugs were introduced2 and they can occur in otherwise normal untreated elderly people. Nevertheless it is generally accepted that in most cases tardive dyskinesia is an unwanted effect of neuroleptic medication. Despite suggestions to the contrary, the abnormal movements are not necessarily associated with high dosage of neuroleptic drugs or with pre-existing brain damage.3 4 Tardive dyskinesia has been reported in 3–6% of a mixed population of psychiatric patients5 and over half of a group of chronic schizophrenics on long-term treatment.4 The more careful the neurological examination, the greater the apparent incidence.

DIAGNOSIS OF CHILDREN WITH SANFILIPPO DISEASE – PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND MOTOR ASSESSMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-535
Author(s):  
Paulina Anikiej-Wiczenbach ◽  
Agata Rudnik ◽  
Monika Limanówka ◽  
Jolanta Wierzba ◽  
Arkadiusz Mański
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Following Instructions ◽  
Neurological Effects ◽  
Sanfilippo Disease ◽  
Mps Iiia ◽  
Independent Person

Sanfilippo disease (mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS IIIA) is one of the types of mucopolysaccharidosis associated with extensive neurological effects and somatic symptoms. The consequences of neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment are manifested in challenges with the daily functioning of patients who experience problems with communication and following instructions. The aim of this study was to assess the cognitive functioning of three patients with MPS IIIA and to find patterns of neurodegeneration and to make their environment more friendly. Three boys (from 5.5 to 7 years) with MPS IIIA participated in the study. Each participant attended two meetings, and his functioning was assessed by three independent person (using two-way mirror). We used Bayley’s Scale III with some modifications. Interviews with parents were also included. The communication of patients was limited to some vocalizations. Patients presented instrumental use of items, but not all of them were able to repeat actions after diagnostician or presented object permanence. The results showed that the cognitive functioning of participants was significantly hindered by problems related to motor dysfunction, hyperactivity, and ataxia. The psychological data was collated with medical results. This study allows indicating new sources giving the possibility of child phenotype variability and to create specific interventions in the field of psychological therapy for patients with MPS IIIA and their families.

Factual Sources of Psychiatric Patients’ Perceptions of Coercion in the Hospital Admission Process

1998 ◽  
Vol 155 (9) ◽  
pp. 1254-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Lidz ◽  
Edward P. Mulvey ◽  
Steven K. Hoge ◽  
Brenda L. Kirsch ◽  
John Monahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Admission Process
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