Personality Correlates to Religious Belief Systems

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1039-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Multiple Relationships ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Religious Attitudes ◽  
Personality Correlates

The study investigated the multiple relationships among 39 personality and attitudinal variables with 2 clusters of religious attitudes. The findings suggest that conservatism plays a pervasive role in the prediction of religious belief for both male and female Ss.

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR IN SUICIDE IDEATORS AND NON-IDEATORS

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon B. Ellis ◽  
Leslie N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Female College Student ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Reasons For Living Inventory ◽  
And Coping

Research has shown that college students have a high risk of engaging in suicidal behaviors. Gaining more information about the belief systems of students and the adaptive reasons for living, lacking in suicide ideators, may provide valuable information about these behaviors and ways to prevent them. This study examined reasons for living in male and female college student suicide ideators and non-ideators in order to identify adaptive reasons for living, lacking in suicide ideators. Mean scores of the Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL) subscales and total score were used. Each subject answered a demographic questionnaire, a suicide questionnaire and the RFL. Analyses of Variance revealed a main effect for ideation status with non-ideators scoring higher than ideators on Survival and Coping Beliefs, Responsibility to Friends, and on the RFL total score. A main effect for sex was found on Fear of Suicide and Responsibility to Family subscales with women scoring higher than men. Women did not describe themselves as suicide ideators more often than did men.

Doro Rekufa and Tsvitsa: Beer, Animals and Death Rituals among the Ndau of South Eastern Zimbabwe

Utafiti ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Death Rituals ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Attitudes Towards Death ◽  
Death Signals

Despite Westernization and particularly the advent of Christianity and its widespread entrenchment on the African continent, traditional indigenous rituals continue to constitute an integral part of African religious belief systems and practices. This article presents the results of an ethnoarchaeological study of two death rituals that are conducted by the Ndau people of south eastern Zimbabwe. The rituals are a demonstration of attitudes towards death and beliefs about the role of the dead among the living. The Ndau do not believe that death signals and represents the end of life. In the same vein and perhaps more importantly, the Ndau do not believe that death just happens. It is caused by human agency out of jealousies, hatred and conflict among the living. These beliefs are central to the two rituals presented and discussed here: the first ritual is conducted to ascertain cause of death and the second to bring back the spirit of the deceased from a temporary state of limbo immediately after death. Meat and beer are central to these rituals, firstly as offerings to the deceased and secondly as an important part of the living celebration of the rituals. The paper then explores some interpretive implications of the rituals from an archaeological perspective.

Can spirituality be a scientific topic and how?: A rigorous but open-minded scientific approach of studies on religion, spirituality, and mental health

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Harald Walach
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Natural Laws ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Spirituality And Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Topic ◽  
Human Inquiry

Science and spirituality are at odds, due to the history of enlightenment. This led to freeing human inquiry from dogmatic and clerical bondage by religion. And because religion has been left behind by the new scientific narrative of a self-evolving world, driven by random accidents and mutations and natural laws, there seems to be no place for spirituality either. This contribution disentangles those conceptual problems. It first points out the history of this separation and its consequences. It is important to realize that spirituality and religion are two different things. While religion is a conceptual, ethical, ritual, and at times also a political framework, spirituality is the experiential core of all religions. As a human experience, it is universal and independent of religious belief systems. Spirituality, as a form of inner experiential access to reality, is also at the bottom of the scientific process—for instance, in important theoretical insights. 150 words

Use of the MMPI and MMPI–2 in Patients Being Evaluated for Cardiac Transplant

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1105-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Trunzo ◽  
Ralph J. Petrucci ◽  
Anne Carter ◽  
Nancy Donofrio
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cardiac Transplant ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Depression Scales

The MMPI and MMPI–2 have been used extensively in the study of personality correlates in various coronary populations. It has been hypothesized that personality variables are associated with various clinical outcomes, such as quality of life, morbidity, and mortality; however, no data are available in a cardiac transplant sample. This study presents descriptive MMPI and MMPI–2 data for male and female patients awaiting cardiac transplant. Analyses of differences in MMPI–2 depression scales between cardiomyopathy groups for 366 men and 99 women were performed. Significant differences were found between ischemic and nonischemic male patients.

scholarly journals The fading affect bias (FAB) is strongest for Jews and Buddhists and weakest for participants without religious affiliations: An exploratory analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 350-362
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Gibbons ◽  
Sherman A. Lee ◽  
Luke P. Fernandez ◽  
Emma D. Friedmann ◽  
Kaylee D. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
The Face

The fading affect bias (FAB) is a robust phenomenon where unpleasant affect fades faster than pleasant affect. The FAB is believed to be coping mechanism designed to make life appear pleasant in the face of hardships and adversities. The FAB persists across several cultures and many event types (e.g., alcohol, religious, and death), even though low FAB has been demonstrated for social media events, videogame events, and events labeled as religious, but not spiritual. Although religion is also believed to make life more satisfying by providing existential meaning and social connectedness for their followers, research to date, has not examined religious differences in the FAB. Therefore, we examined the FAB using 2 measures of fading affect across participants’ self-reported religious affiliations and we found robust FAB effects for all categories except for an extremely small sample of Islamic followers. The FAB effects were strongest for Jewish and Buddhist affiliations and they were weakest for participants who did not report a well-known religious affiliation. The findings extend the literature on the FAB to religious belief systems. Future research should replicate the current study, examine the FAB for larger samples of Muslims, Buddhists, Hindus, and Jews, and test explanations for differential FAB effects across religious affiliations.

scholarly journals Implementing government strategies for complex social problems

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Contributing Factors

Addressing complex social problems that are rooted in multiple causes is difficult. These issues often interact in unpredictable ways with numerous contributing factors, and they do not run along traditional departmental boundaries. For example, family violence is one of the most complex, multifaceted and poorly understood issues in Western society. Addressing family violence requires major social change in individual attitudes and relationships, cultural and religious belief systems and society's opinions, as well as comprehensive government strategies and a comprehensive range of services to support families and individuals affected by family violence. In this respect, it provided a useful case study through which to examine the implementation of complex social policy in New Zealand.

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