Life Events, Psychological Distress and Social Functioning

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Justice ◽  
George W. McBee ◽  
Richard H. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Life Change Events ◽  
Adult Outpatient ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

This study investigated the relationship between stressful life events and social as well as psychological functioning. Stress in the lives of 39 subjects being admitted to the adult outpatient clinics at a large mental health center was measured by the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Social and psychological functioning was measured by the Denver Community Mental Health Questionnaire and the Mini-Mult, an abbreviated form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. An association was found between stress, in terms of life-change events accumulated in the preceding 12 mo., and impairment in both social as well as psychological functioning.

Sex Differences in Psychological Distress and Social Functioning

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Justice ◽  
George W. McBee ◽  
Richard H. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

This study assessed sex differences in psychological and social problems and symptoms among 58 male and 84 female clients newly admitted to a large community mental health center. Instruments were the Denver Community Mental Health Questionnaire, an abbreviated version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale. The results indicated that women present problems of psychological distress and men report difficulties in social functioning. Although considerable emphasis has been placed by other authors on the psychological consequences of the current changes in sex roles and expectations, findings appear consistent with earlier ones.

Social Correlates of Psychological Dysfunction

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1335-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Rumsey ◽  
Blair Justice
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Community Mental Health Center ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Dysfunction ◽  
Adult Outpatient ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

The relations among various social factors and psychological dysfunctioning as measured by the Denver Community Mental Health Questionnaire and the Mini-Mult were based on responses from 142 subjects admitted to the adult outpatient and inpatient services at a large community mental health center. Most significant correlations were found between psychological dysfunctioning and interpersonal isolation from friends, drug abuse, and lack of productivity.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nontraditional Students’ Mental Health and Well-Being

2021 ◽  
pp. 074171362110275
Author(s):  
Stephanie J. Babb ◽  
Katrina A. Rufino ◽  
Ruth M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Nontraditional Students ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nontraditional Student ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Health And Well Being

The current study sought to measure how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health and well-being of college students, particularly nontraditional students. Participants ( n = 321) completed a series of surveys assessing their level of depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, insomnia, and well-being. Participants also indicated their nontraditional student characteristics, level of resilience, and additional life stressors due to the pandemic. Statistical analyses found that participants reported higher levels of depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and insomnia, with corresponding lower levels of well-being across all students, compared with prepandemic levels. Results showed that while nontraditional students indicated an increased number of life stressors during the pandemic compared with their traditional peers, nontraditional students also demonstrated higher levels of resilience. Nontraditional students appear to be more successful at managing stressful life events due to the increased resilience that comes with age and experience, which can better prepare them to persevere and overcome challenges.

PP21  Perceptions and experiences of employee mental health support: a cross-sectional survey of UK ambulance service staff

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. e10.2-e10
Author(s):  
Sasha Johnston ◽  
Jennifer Wild ◽  
Kristy Sanderson ◽  
Bridie Kent
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
Service Staff

BackgroundMental ill health among ambulance staff is widespread. Evidence suggests that, with the right support, staff experiencing mental ill health can continue to work, symptom severity can be reduced and suicide prevented. To identify whether organisational support meets staff needs, this research explored the perceptions and experiences of staff working in a large ambulance trust covering the south west of England.MethodsBetween September and October 2018, ambulance staff were invited to complete an online questionnaire, which assessed demographics, work-related stressful life events, related psychological impact assessed by the avoidant subscale of Weiss and Marmar’s Impact of Event Scale-Revised, mental ill health sickness absence during the previous 12 months, perceptions and experiences of organisational support and acceptability of a proposed wellbeing intervention offering mandatory time-to-talk at work.ResultsOver 11% (N=540) of the workforce responded. The majority reported experiencing work-related stressful life events (n=444; 82%), that were associated with subsequent avoidant symptoms. Avoidant symptom severity peaked between six-months to five-years after an event (F (5,438) = 2.4, p=0.03), was associated with repeated exposure (F (4,439) = 2.9, p=0.01) and to sickness absence. A fifth of participants reported mental ill health sickness absence (21.6%), a third of which was not disclosed as related to mental health. Content analysis identified stigma, fear, as well as embarrassment, as barriers to disclosure and help-seeking. Perceptions and experiences of organisational support were significantly correlated (r (195) =0.46, p<0.001) and positive.ConclusionsSymptoms associated with work-related stressful life events can persist for years among ambulance staff. Given the association between organisational support and mental wellbeing, it is possible that an intervention, such as mandatory time-to-talk, supported at an organisation level could improve wellbeing among ambulance staff. Such an intervention needs to be evaluated in future research.

Sexual Assault History and Health-Related Outcomes in a National Sample of Women

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Ullman ◽  
Leanne R. Brecklin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Professional Contact

This study examined correlates of past-year chronic medical conditions and lifetime contact with health care professionals for mental health and substance abuse problems in women with differing histories of sexual victimization ( N = 627) identified from the National Comorbidity Survey (e.g., assault in childhood, adulthood, or both life phases). Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and stressful life events were associated with greater odds of chronic medical conditions among women sexually assaulted in childhood only. Additional traumatic events were associated with greater odds of chronic medical conditions among victims of adult sexual assault. Older age and being married were associated with greater odds of lifetime health care professional contact for mental health/substance abuse issues among certain victim subgroups. Stressful life events were related to greater help-seeking for child victims, and traumatic events were related to greater help-seeking in adult victims. Alcohol dependence symptoms and PTSD were each associated with greater odds of lifetime health care professional contact among women victimized in both life phases, whereas depression was related to greater odds of help-seeking for women victimized in one life phase only. Psychosocial factors may play unique roles in health outcomes for women with different sexual assault histories.

Self-Report Assessment of Life Change and Disorders

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1079-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Cooley ◽  
Adam W. Miller ◽  
James C. Keesey ◽  
Mary J. Levenspiel ◽  
Carol F. Sisson
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Life Change Events ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Final Score ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Mean

Frequency and severity of life changes were compared to frequency and severity of physical and psychological disorders for a sample of 90 college students. Four scores for life changes were, calculated from a life events questionnaire. A subject's score was the sum of his life change events when each item was weighted for the amount of social readjustment caused by the event by: (1) the mean ratings of all subjects, (2) the mean rating of only the subjects who experienced the item-event in the last 12 mo., and (3) the subject's own rating. (4) The final score was the number of events marked. Two scores for disorders were computed from the Seriousness of Illness Rating Scale. They were (1) the total for items marked when each item was weighted for severity and (2) the number of items marked. The largest correlation between life changes and disorders was between number of events and number of disorders (r = .34). Weighting life change scores with experiences' means provided the largest correlations with disorder scores while weighting with individual weights provided the smallest correlations with disorders. No differences were found between the two measures of disorder.

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