Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Adolescent Drug Use: Interplay of Personality, Family, and Peer Correlates

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1151-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Brook ◽  
Martin Whiteman ◽  
Ann Scovell Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Adolescent Drug Use ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
High School Freshmen ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Variables ◽  
Peer Factors ◽  
Independent Model

The purpose of this study was to examine domains of personality, family, and peer variables and their relationship to the qualitative (stage) and quantitative (frequency) aspects of adolescents' drug use. Black (245) and white (418) high school freshmen and sophomores served as subjects. Analysis indicated that the same personality and peer factors differentiated between the quantitative as well as the qualitative drug groups. However, more family variables were related to stage than to frequency of use. Several models were proposed for examining the interrelationships of the three domains and associations with stage and frequency of drug use. The data supported an independent model for the stage groups; that is, each of the three domains (personality, family, and peer) was associated with the adolescents' stage of drug use independent of the latter's relationship with the remaining domains. For the frequency groups, the data supported a mediational model; that is, the family and personality domains were associated with the peer domain which in turn was associated with frequency of drug use. One interpretation advanced is that stage of drug use is sensitive to an array of factors from all three domains whereas the frequency with which adolescents use the drug depends on the current influence of the peer group.

Cocaine, kicks, and strain: patterns of substance use in Milwaukee gangs

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Hagedorn ◽  
Jose Torres ◽  
Greg Giglio
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Social Control Theory ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Differential Association Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family Variables ◽  
Female Gang Members

This study describes the patterns of substance use by male and female gang members in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, from their teenage years in the 1980s into adulthood. Milwaukee gangs started out as one form of neighborhood-based drug-using peer group. There was much variation in drug use, and family variables explained little of the variation. Male gang members raised in families with a history of gang involvement and drug use were more likely than other gang members to use cocaine and to use it seriously. On the other hand, severe family distress was not related to onset, duration, or seriousness of cocaine use in either males or females. Cocaine use for both males and females increased in adulthood. It appears that the etiology of adult and adolescent drug use may differ. Neither social control theory nor differential association theory is well suited to explain the variations in gang drug use by age or gender.

Family reactions and relations and alcohol and tobacco consumption by rural teenagers / Relaciones y reacciones familiares y consumo de alcohol y tabaco en adolescentes en población rural

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lloret ◽  
Mª Carmen Segura ◽  
Elena Carratalá
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Risk Protection ◽  
Family Variables ◽  
Relationship Of

Existe un amplio consenso en considerar a la familia como el principal agente modulador del riesgo/protección del consumo de drogas en edades tempranas. La influencia de la familia en la transmisión de valores y adquisición de conductas es indiscutible, y por lo tanto es objeto de numerosas intervenciones preventivas. Objetivo: En la presente investigación se analiza la relación de tres variables de índole familiar y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en los hijos, estas son: el control parental, la actitud parental ante el consumo de alcohol, y la disponibilidad de dinero. Método: Estudiantes de 3er y 4º curso de ESO respondieron a una batería de tests sobre factores de riesgo y consumo de drogas. Se identificaron dos grupos: consumidores de alcohol y tabaco (n=70) y noconsumidores (n=46). La media de edad es de 14,17. Resultados: Los resultados muestran una clara relación entre consumo y actitud parental.Los jóvenes que reportaron no consumir, percibían actitudes parentales más contrarias al abuso de alcohol. De igual manera se constata una relación directa entre disponibilidad económica y consumo de alcohol y tabaco. No obstante, no se encontraron diferencias entre ambos grupos en la percepción del control parental.AbstractConsidering the family as the main modulating agent of risk / protection of drug use at younger ages is supported by a broad consensus.The family influence in the transmission of values and develop of new behaviors is undeniable, and therefore the family is the target of many preventive interventions. Objective: This paper analyzes the relationship of three family variables and alcohol and tobacco consumption by the offspring; the variables are: parental control, parental attitudes towards alcohol consumption, and money availability. Method: Students of 3rd and 4th year of ESO answered to a battery of tests on risk factors and drug use. Two groups were identified: consumers of alcohol and tobacco (n = 70) and non-users (n = 46). The average age is 14.17. Results: Results showa clear relation between consumption and parental attitudes. Teenagers that informed no consumption perceived higher attitudes against alcohol abuse. Similarly, there was found a direct relationship between economic availability and consumption of alcohol and tobacco. However, no differences were found between groups in the perception of parental control.

Questionnaire for assessing family variables related to drug use in university students / Cuestionario para la evaluación de variables familiares relacionadas con el consumo de drogas en estudiantes universitarios

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Morell-Gomis ◽  
José A. García del Castillo ◽  
Mónica Gázquez Pertusa ◽  
Álvaro García del Castillo-López
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
Communication Conflict ◽  
Family Variables ◽  
Criterion Variables ◽  
Adequate Reliability

La familia es una organización social donde los comportamientos de cada miembro tienen efectos sobre los demás. De la revisión de la literatura científica se desprende que las variables familiares que influyen en el comportamiento de consumo de drogas son la comunicación familiar, los conflictos, el apoyo social y las normas de convivencia. El objetivo del presente estudio es la construcción de un instrumento que mida estas variables en población joven en una muestra de 165 alumnos de diferentes titulaciones universitarias de Alicante. En el análisis de los ítems se llevó a cabo un juicio de expertos, modelados estructurales, análisis de fiabilidad, y correlaciones con variables criterio y consumo de drogas. El resultado final es un cuestionario compuesto de 18 reactivos que se estructuran en cinco factores: Comunicación, Apoyo Social, Conflicto, Normas y Consecuencias, con unos índices de fiabilidad y validez adecuados.  Abstract The family is a social organization where each member’s behaviors have effects on others. From the scientific reviews have been found family variables that affect behaviors as drug use, they are family communication, conflict, social support and living rules. The target of this research is focused on the construction of a test to measure these variables. The sample consists of 165 students from different university degrees in Alicante. Analyzes of the items were done through expert opinion, structural models, reliability analysis, and correlations with criterion variables and drugs use. The final result is a test composed of 18 reactants that are structured into five factors: Communication, Social Support, Conflict, Rules and Consequences, providing indices of adequate reliability and validity.

Adolescent drug use and attitudes toward the family.

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. William Mercer ◽  
John D. Hundleby ◽  
Richard A. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Drug Use ◽  
The Family

Intrapersonal versus peer group predictors of adolescent drug use

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 565-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Barber ◽  
Floyd Bolitho ◽  
Lorne D. Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Adolescent Drug Use

Exploring the Direct and Indirect Family Effects on Adolescent Drug Use

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Adolescent Drug Use ◽  
Peer Associations ◽  
Child Involvement ◽  
Family Variables ◽  
Parent Child

Research exploring the development of adolescent drug use has focused much attention on family and peer influences. Most of this research has concentrated on the direct effects of family structure, parent-child relations, or peer associations on marijuana and other illicit drug use. Peers typically have the greatest impact, followed by family relations, and finally family structure. However, research has failed to explore the potential indirect effects of family variables on adolescent drug use. The author develops and evaluates empirically several models that examine the direct and indirect effects of family structure and family relations on marijuana and polydrug use. The results suggest that peers have the strongest effect on adolescent drug use, yet parent-child involvement and family structure also have a direct effect. The indirect models indicate that family factors influence peers, and family structure affects family relations. These findings suggest that the family effects on adolescent drug use are complex and in need of greater attention.

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