Development of a Multi-Modal, Dyadic Intervention for Persistent Pain: A Qualitative Study

People who experience persistent pain often require help from a family member, partner, or friend. These caregivers frequently have pain, but are often not included in interventions. Caregivers and care-receivers who both experience pain are more likely to be socially isolated, experience communication conflict, and have decreased quality of life. Interventions should target caregiving dyads to help them manage their pain together. Feasibility studies that include manual development, intervention evaluation, and refinement of intervention manuals support randomized controlled trials and help move interventions from research to practice. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore (a) the needs of caregiving dyads, (b) input from medical and allied health experts, and (c) feedback from intervention facilitators and evaluators, informing the development and refinement of an intervention manual for people with persistent pain. A total of 16 caregiving dyads and one individual (caregiver couldn’t participate) experiencing pain participated in focus groups. Eight experts then participated in a focus group or one-on-one interview. Lastly, after the intervention ended, 15 intervention facilitators and fidelity evaluators participated in one focus group. Data were uploaded into NVivo software and analyzed using constant comparison. Findings identified the importance of interventions to focus on pain interference, novel and modifiable approaches to managing pain as a dyad, and addressing the emotional and psychological effects of experiencing pain. Using qualitative approaches to develop, test, and refine an intervention manual enhances the relevancy, acceptability, and translation of our intervention to meet the needs of caregiving dyads experiencing pain.

Assessing the Social Impacts of Improved Cookstoves in Peri-Urban and Rural Uganda Using Card Sorting

Card sorting is one method that can be used to solicit meaningful insight from end users on the design and assessment of technologies. The objective of this paper is to present methods for and results from a card sorting activity exploring the social impacts experienced by households that have adopted improved cookstoves in peri-urban and rural Uganda. Using a framework consisting of eleven social impacts (population change, family, gender, education, stratification, employment, health and well-being, human rights, networks and communication, conflict and crime, and cultural identity/heritage), households were asked to sort the cards into most, somewhat, and least impacted categories with conversations facilitated around each card placement. Results from this activity reaffirmed positive impacts for family, gender, health and well-being, and education that have been well documented in the literature while also identifying social impacts often overlooked in the sector such as changes in networks and communication, cultural identity and heritage, and human rights. Reflections on these results in terms of cookstove design as well as improvements that could be made in future card sorting activities are discussed.

Peran Personal Development Competitive Attitude dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior Terhadap Manajemen Konflik pada Karyawan Event Organizer

The dynamic phenomenon of EO requires collaboration between members to run events, especially when facing conflicts that arise. The collaborative conflict management style can be referred to as a solution-orientation conflict management. In connection with this phenomenon, personal development competitive attitude and organizational citizenship behavior is known to play a role in improving conflict management solution-orientation among EO employees. This research is a quantitative study with multiple regression design. The population of this study were event organizer employees in Surabaya. The sample in this study amounted to 114 event organizer employees obtained through online surveys. The sampling technique used accidental sampling. This study uses a personal development competitive attitude scale (PDCA) designed by Ryckman et al. (1996), Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (OCB) designed by Podsakof et al. (1990), and the Organizational Communication Conflict Instrument (OCCI) designed by Putnam et al. (1982). The results of hypothesis testing state the role of personal development competitive attitude and organizational citizenship behavior in conflict management solution-orientation. In this study the variable organizational citizenship behavior has a bigger role than personal development competitive attitude. The results of the research can be used as knowledge and input for the company and EO employees.

External Communication in Social Media During Asymmetric Conflicts

Social media increasingly shapes the way in which we perceive conflicts and conflict parties abroad. Conflict parties, therefore, have started using social media strategically to influence public opinion abroad. This book explores the phenomenon by examining, (1) which strategies of external communication conflict parties use during asymmetric conflicts and (2) what shapes the selection of these communication strategies. In a comprehensive case study of the conflict in Israel and Palestine, Bernd Hirschberger shows that the selection of strategies of external communication is shaped by the (asymmetric) conflict structure.

CITRA DIRI INDIVIDU DAN NEGOSIASI MUKA WARGA DENGAN BUDAYA KOLEKTIVISME DI NEGARA BERBUDAYA INDIVIDUALISME

Most of the Indonesian citizens implement a collectivism culture considering that Indonesia is one of the countries that implement a collectivism culture according to Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory. Indonesian citizens who migrate and live-in countries that implement individualism culture will feel the differences in their culture, which has the potential to produce intercultural communication conflicts. The Face Negotiation Theory that was initiated by Ting-Toomey explains that there are various approaches to resolving intercultural conflicts that exist. This research analyses the concept of self-construal and intercultural communication conflict management approaches used by two Indonesian citizens who are migrating in the United States and Australia through interviews and literature studies. The results of the study found the fact that the difference in self-construal concepts by each informant could produce the different approaches in managing conflict in communication between cultures, even though both informants were from countries with collectivism cultures.

Designing Analytics for Collaboration Literacy and Student Empowerment

Collaboration has garnered global attention as an important skill for the 21st century. While researchers have been doing work on collaboration for nearly a century, many of the questions that the field is investigating overlook the need for students to learn how to read and respond to different collaborative settings. Existing research focuses on chronicling the various factors that predict the effectiveness of a collaborative experience, or on changing user behaviour in the moment. These are worthwhile research endeavours for developing our theoretical understanding of collaboration. However, there is also a need to centre student perceptions and experiences with collaboration as an important area of inquiry. Based on a survey of 131 university students, we find that student collaboration-related concerns can be represented across seven different categories or dimensions: Climate, Compatibility, Communication, Conflict, Context, Contribution, and Constructive. These categories extend prior research on collaboration and can help the field ensure that future collaboration analytics tools are designed to support the ways that students think about and utilize collaboration. Finally, we describe our instantiation of many of these dimensions in our collaborative analytics tool, BLINC, and suggest that these seven dimensions can be instructive for re-orienting the Multimodal Learning Analytics (MMLA) and collaboration analytics communities.

ORGANISATIONAL CLIMATE AND JOB SATISFACTION OF FACULTY MEMBERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION:A STUDY ON BODOLAND UNIVERSITY, ASSAM, INDIA

Organisational climate is a process of quantifying the culture of an organisation. The word climate usually describes the practices involved in communication, conflict, leadership and rewards. Job satisfaction is the level of gratification a person feels regarding his or her job. This feeling is mainly based on an individuals perception of satisfaction. Organisational climate and job satisfaction are distinct but related constructs, and both appear to influence employees understanding of the work environment and their level of job satisfaction. The present study is undertaken with a view to study the relationship between Organisational climate and Job satisfaction of faculty members and also to examine different dimensions of Organisational climate and Job satisfaction in Bodoland University. For the study, an established assessment instrument on organisational climate is used as organisational climate survey instrument which includes organisational design, communication, leadership, teamwork, decision-Making, culture, job satisfaction and motivation (Instrument development by Allen and Mayer, 1991). The survey questionnaire consisted of a series of 35 items which was administrated to selected respondents. The respondents were required to indicate based on a 7 – point scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The findings indicate that there is moderate level of relationship between organisational climate and Job satisfaction.

Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence in Italian Schools

Phenomena of conflicts among students are on the rise everywhere in the world. According to a new report from the United Nations Children's Fund (UNCEF), half of the world's teenagers experience peer violence and bullying in and around the school. School violence affects learning and has a negative effect on students, schools, and the broader community. The effects on students are both psychical and phycological and often lead to isolation, depression, and in some cases to suicide. This chapter provides an overview of an alternative methodology approach to the teaching of dialogue and non-violent communication in schools. Furthermore, it examines a training model that uses mediation and Aikido to teach communication, conflict management, and conflict resolution to students and teachers. The training, called School of Mediation-Mediation for School (SMS), has been developed in Italy by a group of lawyers, mediators, and researchers. To date, the project has involved more than 600 students and 250 teachers with important results.