Age Differences in Health Attitudes and Beliefs

Background/Aims Chronic pain is a long-term condition and a leading cause of disability worldwide. The training of health care professionals is where knowledge and attitudes about pain may be shaped for the future. Pain education and management by health care professionals is recognised as being inadequate. This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of biopsychosocial education in improving health care professionals' and students' management of chronic pain. It informs the future delivery of effective pain management education. Methods Biopsychosocial education randomised controlled trials involving health care professionals or students, and measuring changes in knowledge or understanding, attitudes and beliefs or management behaviours in pain, will be included. Comparison studies will feature usual education control, placebo, or a different type of education. Two reviewers will apply two screenings and assess for bias. Statistical analysis of data will be undertaken or discussed in narrative and graphic format if necessary.

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How Much do Preexisting Chronic Conditions Contribute to Age Differences in Health Care Expenditures After a Work-related Musculoskeletal Injury?

Medical Care ◽

10.1097/mlr.0000000000000017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 71-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Peter M. Smith ◽

Amber Bielecky ◽

Selahadin Ibrahim ◽

Cameron Mustard ◽

Heather Scott-Marshall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Age Differences ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Health Care Expenditures ◽

Musculoskeletal Injury ◽

Work Related

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AGE DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.69.8.1111-1115 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 1111 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

JAMES A. THORSON

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Health Attitudes

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Age Differences in Health Attitudes and Beliefs: Aging and/or Cohort Effects?

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.2190/bupu-yxcb-jex4-ac7q ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 61-76

Author(s):

Judith Hibbard ◽

Clyde R. Pope

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Cohort Effects ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Health Attitudes

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I Think of Ronald Reagan: Future Selves in the Present

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.2190/b9ew-61g8-whp6-3gdr ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 91-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pamela Roberts

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Age Differences ◽

Role Models ◽

Ronald Reagan ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Distant Future ◽

Future Selves ◽

The Future

A nonlinear perspective on time (where the future exists in and affects the present) has been described by several theorists but there is little research on the extent, quality or origins of the personal future perspective. The present study examined the existence and origin of the future in the present by asking adults aged nineteen to eighty-three to: 1) project themselves into the oldest age imaginable, 2) describe their hopes and fears for that age, and 3) name role models for those hopes and fears. Data analysis revealed that length of future perspective, number of hopes and number of role models for the distant future declined with age. In addition, types of fears for the future varied with age, with older adults stressing dependency issues while younger adults reported concerns about personality and mental health. Despite age differences, most participants could name role models for both their hopes and fears for aging, but specific models were identified more often for hopes than for fears. Personalized hopes and fears for the distant future as motivators for the present are discussed.

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Universal drug coverage and socioeconomic disparities in health care costs among persons with diabetes

10.2337/figshare.12385550.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai ◽

Ghazal S. Fazli ◽

Arlene S. Bierman ◽

Lorraine L. Lipscombe ◽

Nicholas Mitsakakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Care ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Health Care Costs ◽

Health Care Expenditures ◽

Drug Coverage ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Physician Visits ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽

Care Costs

Objective: To examine whether neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is a predictor of non-drug-related health care costs among Canadian adults with diabetes, and if so, whether SES disparities in costs are reduced after age 65, when universal drug coverage commences as an insurable benefit. Methods: Administrative health databases were used to examine publicly-funded health care expenditures among 698,113 younger (20-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years) with diabetes in Ontario from April 2004 to March 2014. Generalized linear models were constructed to examine relative and absolute differences in health care costs (total and non-drug-related) across neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) quintiles, by age, adjusting for differences in age, sex, diabetes duration, and comorbidity. Results: Unadjusted costs per person-year in the lowest (Q1) versus highest (Q5) SES quintile were 39% higher among younger adults ($5,954 vs. $4,270 Canadian dollars), but only 9% higher among older adults ($10,917 vs. $9,993). Adjusted non-drug costs (primarily for hospitalizations and physician visits) were $1,569 per person-year higher among younger adults in Q1 vs. Q5 (modeled relative cost difference: +35.7%) and $139.3 million per year among all individuals in Q1. Scenarios in which these excess costs per person-year were decreased by ≥10% or matched the relative difference among seniors suggested a potential for savings in the range of $26.0 to $128.2 million per year among all lower SES adults under age 65 (Q1-4). Conclusions: Socioeconomic status is a predictor of diabetes-related health care costs in our setting, more so among adults under age 65, a group that lacks universal drug coverage under Ontario’s health care system. Non-drug related health care costs were more than one-third higher in younger, low SES adults, translating to >$1 billion more in health care expenditures over 10 years.

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Health Attitudes and Beliefs Among Hypertensive Subjects: A Study of the Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society

The Open Hypertension Journal ◽

10.2174/1876526201406010012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 12-17

Author(s):

Evangelos Polychronopoulos ◽

Ekavi N. Georgousopoulou ◽

Tonia Vassilakou ◽

Christos Pitsavos ◽

Christina Chrysohoou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Beliefs ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Health Attitudes ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

Unhealthy Diet ◽

Beliefs And Attitudes

Introduction: Health attitudes and beliefs have long been associated with lower risk of various diseases, better compliance to medication and less likelihood of relapsing. The aim of this work was to study health beliefs and attitudes of hypertensive subjects in relation to the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methods: The Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society ran a project where during 2006-2012, 10,141 individuals (39 ± 15 years, 47% men, i.e., 0.01% of the Greek population), from all areas of the country, were voluntarily enrolled and participated into a face-toface interview that gathered information about their beliefs and attitudes on diet, smoking and physical activity, as well as management of CVD disorders. Results: Self-reported prevalence of hypertension was 16.7% in men and 13.2% in women. Hypertensive subjects had lower educational level than non-hypertensive (11 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 4.5 years of school, p<0.001). Hypertensive participants as compared to normotensive seemed not to accept that unhealthy diet which consists of a major CVD risk factor (16.2% vs. 23.1%, p<0.001); and they believed more in the effect of pharmaceutical medication than in healthy lifestyle. Conclusion: There is need for more effective health strategies in order to convince people, especially those with cardiometabolic disorders, on the importance of the modifiable CVD risk factors.

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Universal drug coverage and socioeconomic disparities in health care costs among persons with diabetes

10.2337/figshare.12385550 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai ◽

Ghazal S. Fazli ◽

Arlene S. Bierman ◽

Lorraine L. Lipscombe ◽

Nicholas Mitsakakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Care ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Health Care Costs ◽

Health Care Expenditures ◽

Drug Coverage ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Physician Visits ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽

Care Costs

Objective: To examine whether neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is a predictor of non-drug-related health care costs among Canadian adults with diabetes, and if so, whether SES disparities in costs are reduced after age 65, when universal drug coverage commences as an insurable benefit. Methods: Administrative health databases were used to examine publicly-funded health care expenditures among 698,113 younger (20-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years) with diabetes in Ontario from April 2004 to March 2014. Generalized linear models were constructed to examine relative and absolute differences in health care costs (total and non-drug-related) across neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) quintiles, by age, adjusting for differences in age, sex, diabetes duration, and comorbidity. Results: Unadjusted costs per person-year in the lowest (Q1) versus highest (Q5) SES quintile were 39% higher among younger adults ($5,954 vs. $4,270 Canadian dollars), but only 9% higher among older adults ($10,917 vs. $9,993). Adjusted non-drug costs (primarily for hospitalizations and physician visits) were $1,569 per person-year higher among younger adults in Q1 vs. Q5 (modeled relative cost difference: +35.7%) and $139.3 million per year among all individuals in Q1. Scenarios in which these excess costs per person-year were decreased by ≥10% or matched the relative difference among seniors suggested a potential for savings in the range of $26.0 to $128.2 million per year among all lower SES adults under age 65 (Q1-4). Conclusions: Socioeconomic status is a predictor of diabetes-related health care costs in our setting, more so among adults under age 65, a group that lacks universal drug coverage under Ontario’s health care system. Non-drug related health care costs were more than one-third higher in younger, low SES adults, translating to >$1 billion more in health care expenditures over 10 years.

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