ABC Relaxation Theory and the Factor Structure of Relaxation States, Recalled Relaxation Activities, Dispositions, and Motivations

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1201-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Smith ◽  
Amy B. Wedell ◽  
Camille J. Kolotylo ◽  
Jacquie E. Lewis ◽  
Kristie Y. Byers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Relaxation Theory ◽  
Relaxation Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Separate Factor ◽  
Affect Factor

ABC Relaxation Theory proposes 15 psychological relaxation-related states (R-States): Sleepiness, Disengagement, Physical Relaxation, Mental Quiet, Rested/Refreshed, At Ease/At Peace, Energized, Aware, Joy, Thankfulness and Love, Prayerfulness, Childlike Innocence, Awe and Wonder, Mystery, and Timeless/Boundless/Infinite. The present study summarizes the results of 13 separate factor analyses of immediate relaxation-related states, states associated with recalled relaxation activities, relaxation dispositions, and relaxation motivations on a combined sample of 1,904 individuals (group average ages ranged from 28–40 yr.). Four exploratory factor analyses of Smith Relaxation Inventories yielded 15 items that most consistently and exclusively load (generally at least .70) on six replicated factors. These items included happy, joyful, energized, rested, at peace, warm, limp, silent, quiet, dozing, drowsy, prayerful, mystery, distant, and indifferent. Subsequent factor analyses restricted to these items and specifying six factors were performed on 13 different data sets. Each yielded the same six-factor solution: Factor 1: Centered Positive Affect, Factor 2: Sleepiness, Factor 3: Disengagement, Factor 4: Physical Relaxation, Factor 5: Mental Quiet, and Factor 6: Spiritual. Implications for ABC Relaxation Theory are discussed.

ABC Relaxation Theory and the Factor Structure of Relaxation States, Recalled Relaxation Activities, Dispositions, and Motivations

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_part_2) ◽  
pp. 1201-1208
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Smith ◽  
Amy B. Wedell ◽  
Camille J. Kolotylo ◽  
Jacquie E. Lewis ◽  
Kristie Y. Byers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Relaxation Theory ◽  
Relaxation Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Separate Factor ◽  
Affect Factor

ABC Relaxation Theory proposes 15 psychological relaxation-related states (R-States): Sleepiness, Disengagement, Physical Relaxation, Mental Quiet, Rested/Refreshed, At Ease/At Peace, Energized, Aware, Joy, Thankfulness and Love, Prayerfulness, Childlike Innocence, Awe and Wonder, Mystery, and Timeless/Bound-less/Infinite. The present study summarizes the results of 13 separate factor analyses of immediate relaxation-related states, states associated with recalled relaxation activities, relaxation dispositions, and relaxation motivations on a combined sample of 1,904 individuals (group average ages ranged from 28–40 yr.). Four exploratory factor analyses of Smith Relaxation Inventories yielded 15 items that most consistently and exclusively load (generally at least .70) on six replicated factors’. These items included happy, joyful, energized, rested, at peace, warm, limp, silent, quiet, dozing, drowsy, prayerful, mystery, distant, and indifferent. Subsequent factor analyses restricted to these items and specifying six factors were performed on 13 different data sets. Each yielded the same six-factor solution: Factor 1: Centered Positive Affect, Factor 2: Sleepiness, Factor 3: Disengagement, Factor 4: Physical Relaxation, Factor 5: Mental Quiet, and Factor 6: Spiritual. Implications for ABC Relaxation Theory are discussed.

Psychometric investigation of the affiliate stigma scale in Mexican Parkinson’s disease caregivers: Development of a short form

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mickeal Pugh ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Jack D. Watson ◽  
Duygu Kuzu ◽  
Carmen Tyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
Affiliate Stigma ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses

BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) caregivers, particularly in Latin America, may experience high levels of affiliate stigma due to their association with a person having a disability. The most common measure used of this construct in the literature, the Affiliate Stigma Scale, was validated using non-standard and questionable methods. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Affiliate Stigma Scale with PD caregivers in Mexico using more widely accepted psychometric approaches including confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses (confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) and exploratory factor analyses (EFAs)). METHODS: A sample of 148 PD caregivers from Mexico completed this measure, as well as indices of caregiver burden and anxiety. RESULTS: Initial CFAs revealed that the data did not fit either the originally proposed one-factor or three-factor structures. An EFA was then conducted which was unable to discern any factor structure. Upon instituting a stepwise removal alpha-if-item-deleted process, a 5-item Affiliate Stigma Scale Spanish Short Form was retained with an adequate Cronbach’s alpha, good convergent validity, and a Short Form CFA generally indicating adequate fit. CONCLUSIONS: The new Spanish Affiliate Stigma Scale Short Form holds promise for more appropriately measuring affiliate stigma likely in general but particularly in Spanish and among PD caregivers. The Short Form can assist not only in assessing levels of caregiver affiliate stigma, but in creating novel interventions to help support caregivers and decrease stigma.

Dispositional Greed Scales

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marcel Zeelenberg ◽  
Terri G. Seuntjens ◽  
Niels van de Ven ◽  
Seger M. Breugelmans
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Kaiser Criterion

Abstract. In recent years, different scales have been developed to assess individual differences in dispositional greed. We report two studies ( N1 = 300, N2 = 1,000) on the comparative psychometric properties of these scales. We find that all scales are reliable and that they correlate highly, suggesting that all can be used to assess dispositional greed. Exploratory factor analyses, using the Empirical Kaiser Criterion, the Hull method, and Parallel Analysis as extraction methods, were done on the separate scales and all items together. These analyses reveal that there is quite some consistency in the scales, as in both studies a one-factor solution seems to describe the data best. These results imply that these different scales all assess dispositional greed, although the results also suggest that some items may be deleted from the scales.

Evaluating the Fit of the Ecological Framework for Implementation Variables

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Collier-Meek ◽  
Austin H. Johnson ◽  
Lisa M. H. Sanetti
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Treatment Integrity ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Ecological Factor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses

Many teachers struggle to deliver interventions with sufficient treatment integrity, perhaps due to implementation variables that mediate or moderate treatment integrity. Potential implementation variables have frequently been conceptualized in ecological frameworks, including the intervention, implementer, organization, and external environmental levels. Although the ecological framework is a useful organizational tool, a measure aligned with this model of implementation variables has not yet been developed. This article describes the development of the Assessment of Ecological Implementation Influences (AEII), a measure to evaluate implementation variables across ecological levels. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate to what extent responses on the AEII reflect the hypothesized ecological factor structure. The model of variables from the intervention to external environment level was not reflected within the factor structure here. Rather, factors emerged that were not previously accounted for in the implementation variables literature. Implications for future research on the measurement of treatment integrity and implementation variables are described.

Exploratory Factor Analyses of the Intelligence and Development Scales–2: Implications for Theory and Practice

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1853-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Grieder ◽  
Alexander Grob
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses

The factor structure of the intelligence and scholastic skills domains of the Intelligence and Development Scales–2 was examined using exploratory factor analyses with the standardization and validation sample ( N = 2,030, aged 5 to 20 years). Results partly supported the seven proposed intelligence group factors. However, the theoretical factors Visual Processing and Abstract Reasoning as well as Verbal Reasoning and Long-Term Memory collapsed, resulting in a five-factor structure for intelligence. Adding the three scholastic skills subtests resulted in an additional factor Reading/Writing and in Logical–Mathematical Reasoning showing a loading on abstract Visual Reasoning and the highest general factor loading. A data-driven separation of intelligence and scholastic skills is not evident. Omega reliability estimates based on Schmid–Leiman transformations revealed a strong general factor that accounted for most of the true score variance both overall and at the group factor level. The possible usefulness of factor scores is discussed.

scholarly journals The conceptualization of depression among Filipino seafarers

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Therese G. Fernandez ◽  
D. Conor Seyle ◽  
Evee Kae D. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Affect Factor ◽  
Risk Occupation ◽  
High Risk Occupation

The Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression (CES-D) scale is a well-validated and frequently used measure for assessing symptoms associated with depression. This scale was developed primarily on the basis of American populations, however, and previous research has suggested that the original factor structure may not be appropriate for all populations. One such population is the Filipino population. This study represents the first study we are aware of to examine the factor structure of the CES-D scale in a sample of Filipino seafarers. Seafaring is considered a high stress and high risk occupation. Based on data collected from 135 Filipino seafarers, we conducted factor analyses to identify the appropriate factor structure for the CES-D in this population. We found that a three-factor structure better described the responses of Filipinos in our sample than the standard four-factor structure. The Filipino factor structure appears to collapse depressive affect and somatic factors found in previous research, while including a specific factor of social-focused symptoms of depression. This structure maintains the positive affect factor found in previous work. Implications of this for clinical psychology assessment and practice in the Philippines are discussed.

Sources of Sport Confidence of Master Athletes

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney C. Wilson ◽  
Philip J. Sullivan ◽  
Nicholas D. Myers ◽  
Deborah L. Feltz
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Master Athletes ◽  
Mental Preparation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses

This study examined sources of sport confidence and their relationship to trait sport confidence with master athletes. The study employed 216 athletes from 50 to 96 years of age in track and field, tennis, and swimming, using the Sources of Sport Confidence Questionnaire (SSCQ; Vealey, Hayashi, Garner-Holman, & Giacobbi, 1998). Confirmatory factor analysis failed to replicate the proposed 9-factor structure of the SSCQ. Exploratory factor analyses revealed an 8-factor structure with similar factors to the SSCQ, but with fewer items and the elimination of the situational favorableness factor. Physical/mental preparation and mastery were the highest ranked sources among the athletes. A simultaneous multiple regression analysis indicated that physical/mental preparation and demonstration of ability were significant predictors of trait sport confidence for master athletes. Our findings suggest that the SSCQ needs more psychometric work if it is to be used with this type of population.

scholarly journals COPEWithME: The Role of Parental Ability to Support and Promote Child Resilient Behaviors During the COVID-19 Emergency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Lucia Chiara Mariani Wigley ◽  
Eleonora Mascheroni ◽  
Francesca Bulletti ◽  
Sabrina Bonichini
Keyword(s):  
Health Interventions ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Parental Ability

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to lockdown in many countries and Italy was the first one interested in Europe. The lockdown strategy is an essential step to curb the exponential rise of COVID-19 cases, but it is very demanding for the population involved and especially for children and their families. The aims of the present study are: (a) to explore the psychometric properties of the COPEWithME questionnaire, a new tool to evaluate parents' ability to support and promote child resilient behaviors, (b) to investigate the relation between parents' resilience and their ability to support and promote child resilient behaviors with child resilience and child stress-related behaviors assessed during the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants (N = 158 mothers, with 6- to 11-years-old children, 53% female), who were volunteers and anonymous, filled out an online questionnaire composed by CD-RISC 25, PMK-CYRM-R, and COPEWithME. With regard to the COPEWithME, validation exploratory factor analyses revealed a one-factor solution of 18 items. The COPEWithME positively correlates both with mothers' resilience and with children's resilience. Mediation analysis showed that the association between mothers' resilience and children's stress-related behaviors was mediated by the mothers' ability to support and promote child resilient behaviors. The COPEWithME, to our knowledge, is the first measure of parents' ability to support and promote resilient behaviors in school-age children, a key parenting skill that may help children in dealing with stressful situations such as the COVID-19 outbreak. These findings represent useful insights to advance mental health interventions in the post-pandemic phases suggesting focusing on a family's resources and resilience processes.

scholarly journals Player Trait Questionnaires: An (In)Validation Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Hughes ◽  
Paul Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Player Experience ◽  
Conceptual Confusion ◽  
Conceptual Relationship

[Preprint Version] The player experience literature has many questionnaires to identify individual differences between digital game players. However, each is typically developed without reference to explicit conceptual underpinnings and its conceptual relationship to other questionnaires. This paper reports on a study where 11 such questionnaires were compiled into one 180-item survey. The analysis of responses (N = 1978) assesses individual questionnaires and compares across questionnaires through six analyses, including reliability analysis and both confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. These showed only moderate support for the original questionnaire structures, and seemingly related subscales tended to measure unrelated concepts. An EFA of all 46 original subscales indicated a 9-factor solution, and a 180-item EFA a 19-factor solution, suggesting considerable conceptual confusion. Overall, there are concerning shortcomings in these questionnaires as instruments for measuring player differences. A more robust theoretical basis is needed to address the value of such questionnaires in advancing player experience research.

Exploratory Factor Analysis of the French Version of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C)

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Bouvard ◽  
Jean-Luc Roulin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
French Version ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses

Abstract. This article examines the internal validity of the French version of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C). We first performed confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to determine the fit of the factor structure identified in previous research on the BFQ-C and then used exploratory factor analyses. A sample of 399 children (192 boys and 207 girls) recruited from elementary schools completed the BFQ-C in their classrooms. Participants were 8 to 12 years old with a mean age of 9.58 years (SD = 0.98). The results indicated poor goodness-of-fit statistics for the CFA solution. Exploratory factor analysis improved the model fit markedly over conventional CFA. The factor structure of the French version of the BFQ-C suggested reasonable fit for the five intercorrelated factors corresponding to the Big Five with the exploratory factor analyses, even if the fifth factor appeared to be more problematic than the other 4 factors.

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