scholarly journals Well-being of rural households around Ikere-Gorge dam in Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Siji Olutegbe ◽  
Janice Elaine Olawoye ◽  
Olutokunbo Birdies Oyesola
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Low Constraint ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Tourism Services

Abstract The study investigated the well-being of rural households around Ikere-Gorge dam operated in South-western Nigeria. Ninety rural households were sampled in four communities, using a multistage sampling procedure. Data were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, means and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (at α0.05). Majority of the household heads were males (84.4%), married (86.7%), Christians (56.7%), had no or primary education (74.5%) with average age of 42.28 ± 7.63 years. Marginalization by government (91.1%), elite capture of support services (90.0%) and lack of extension services (83.3%) were rated major constraints to livelihood by majority. The dam served benefits such as availability of water for domestic use (x¯ = 2.83), improved socioeconomic development (x¯ = 2.56), and recreational and tourism services (x¯ = 2.42). Both quality of life (x¯ = 1.73) and health (x¯ = 1.88) indicators of well-being were generally low. Constraint to livelihood had a significant relationship (r = −0.323) with respondents’ overall well-being. The study concluded that households around dams are faced with multi-dimensional challenges at varying degrees, with negative implications for livelihood and well-being of rural households.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of smallholder maize farmers: implications for public extension services in Eastern Cape

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Agbugba ◽  
M. Christian ◽  
A. Obi
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Smallholder Farmer ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Gross Margins

ABSTRACT This study sought to determine the economics of maize farmers in Amatole District, Eastern Cape. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select hundred and nine (109) smallholder farmers (homestead and irrigators). Descriptive statistics and gross margin analysis were used to determine the economics and profitability of maize in the study area. Findings indicated that majority (66 per cent) of them were men with an average age of 61 years old, majority (69 per cent) were married, with mean household size of 4 persons and household heads having some primary education. Moreover, majority (76 per cent) of the farmers depended on irrigation technology; majority (33 per cent) of the famers spent between 9 and 11 years of experience in farming; majority (89 per cent) of the respondents in the study area were dependent on farming as their major occupation and livelihood. Pertaining to land acquisition, majority (48%) of the farmers believed that the traditional or community leaders set rules and regulations regarding land acquisition. From the profitability analysis, smallholder farmer irrigators generated significantly higher yield, total revenues and gross margins more than the homestead gardeners at 5, 10 and 5 per cent levels, respectively. Moreover, homestead gardeners spent more money in purchase of inputs and this may have contributed to their low gross margins. On the other hand, smallholder-farmer irrigators who incur less input costs have higher chances of benefiting from price discounts and transport offer by input suppliers than the homestead gardeners. This results in smallholder farmer irrigators wielding more profits, thereby creating more income and wealth which is pivotal in the improvement of farmers' livelihoods. Keywords: Economics, profitability, Maize farmers, Extension service, Eastern Cape.

scholarly journals CORRELATES OF POVERTY STATUS AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA: AN ASSET INDEX APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH OMOLOLA OYEDEPO
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Asset Index ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Household Heads

Examination of the characteristics and causes of poverty is an important input into the design of economic policy and poverty alleviation programmes. This study assessed the poverty status of rural households in Ogun State, using the Asset Index Approach due to shortcomings of the conventional methods in poverty analysis. Relevant data were collected from a total of 260 households using a four-stage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using principal component and ordered probit regression analyses (OPRA). The results showed that the OPRA, which significantly (χ2 = 135.20, p < 0.01) explained the probability of a household escaping poverty, revealed that the primary occupation of household heads and the educational status of household heads and their wives among others factors significantly affect the likelihood of escaping poverty. The study therefore suggested that the economic situation of rural households can be considerably enhanced by promoting member’s access to qualitative education and also by encouraging household heads who take up farming activities as their primary occupation to participate in credit associations, indigenous savings and micro financing so as to boost their farming. Therefore, rural development policies should be tailored towards developing these facilities.

scholarly journals Need Assessment for the Professional Development of Teachers in Content Knowledge of Instructional Planning and Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Rizwan
Keyword(s):  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Instructional Planning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Practical Field ◽  
Different Levels

In 2009 the National professional standards were introduced for teachersin Pakistan to determine a nationwide quality of teaching. Thesestandards focus on the quality of teacher preparation from this timeonwards; the present study was initiated to determine the needs of theworkforce who are already in the practical field and how they mayachieve the established standard. Therefore, in the light of the prescribedstandard “Instructional Planning and Strategies (IPS)”this articleinvestigated the levels of content knowledge of IPS possessed by theteachers in secondary schools; it further determined the difference in thecontent knowledge levels of urban & rural, male& female teachersregarding IPS. It was a survey type quantitative study with a populationspread of secondary school teachers (SSTs) working in the fourprovinces and Federal Capital. A multistage sampling procedure wasadopted to collect data from 400 SSTs belonging to the population area.The need of the in-service teachers for acquiring content knowledge ofIPS was gauged through a questionnaire based on seven indicators ofcontent knowledge given in the professional standards; the teachersfurther prioritized their training needs in these defined areas. Moreover,data triangulation was done to ensure the validity of the study. The indepthanalysis revealed that SSTs possessed different levels on eachindicator of content knowledge of IPS but a meager number wascompetent in it. Independent sample “t-test” was applied to calculate thedifference between content knowledge of IPS possessed by the male&female, urban& rural SSTs.

scholarly journals GENDER ANALYSIS OF ASSET INEQUALITIES WITHIN RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA.

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
E. O. OYEDEPO
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Productive Assets

This article examines the evidence available on the distribution of assets by gender in rural households in Ogun State, Nigeria. One of the contributions of feminist economics has been to demonstrate that household and individual welfare are not necessarily the same. Relatively very little work has been done to show gender disparity in ownership of assets in rural Nigeria though gender asset distribution have been found to impact household decisions, women’s wellbeing and poverty alleviation. Primary data was collected from a total of 260 households selected through a multistage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study finds that an average rural household in the sample was made up of six persons and households were predominantly headed by males (88%). The mean worth of households’ physical assets was ₦ 1,218,308.20, about 15% of which was owned by women. Based on these findings the study recommends that the economic situation of women should be enhanced by promoting their access to productive assets through indigenous savings, credit associations and micro financing. This will enable our society attain the sustainable development goals of gender equality and maternal wellbeing.      

Volunteering in the Tourism Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Assel BAIMBETOVA ◽  
Lyailya MUTALIYEVA ◽  
Zhaxat KENZHIN ◽  
Darken SEIDUALIN ◽  
Saltanat TLEUBERDIYEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tourism Services

The article deals with the specifics of volunteering in tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Of particular importance is the problem of developing volunteering movement in tourism sphere of Kazakhstan, which is in the process of formation and integration. Developing volunteering in tourism for Kazakhstan is an important factor in ensuring its growth, forming positive image, creating favourable conditions for the tourism business, increasing awareness about the country, and improving the well-being of its people. The relevance of the topic is that among various directions of tourism development, volunteering has a powerful, but underestimated resource for creating positive image of a country, solving social, economic and environmental problems, improving the quality of tourism services provided, helping the population in emergencies, different life situations, which may occur in the course of a travel. The purpose of this work is to analyse the theoretical aspects regarding the role of volunteering in tourism development, identifying its trends and problems, as well as developing scientifically based applied recommendations to increase the attractiveness of volunteering in tourism. The results obtained in the course of the study can be implemented in fostering volunteering development in tourism sphere.

scholarly journals Awareness of the environmental implications of the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources among rural households in Jigawa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Olusegun Martins Orifah ◽  
Messiah Chijioke Ijeoma ◽  
Gloria Isi Omokhudu ◽  
Gabriel T. Ahungwa ◽  
Bashir Garba Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Abstract Use of biomass energy is on the increase in rural areas of Nigeria, and its use poses serious environmental challenges. The study assessed the awareness of the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources among rural households in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents for the study using structured questionnaire. Collected data were analysed using descriptive (frequency counts, percentage, mean, and rank) and inferential statistics (chi-squared test). The result revealed that the majority of the respondents were male (94.2%), married (90.8%), and between 31 to 40 years, with a mean age of 39.8 years. Results further revealed that the majority of the respondents were farmers (56.7%), had Qur’anic education (71.7%), and earned a monthly income of N10,000–N20,999 (52.5%), with a mean monthly income of ₦13,816.67. Use of fuel wood (100%) and charcoal (100%) were the dominant biomass energy sources used. Results at the level of awareness revealed that the majority of the respondents (80.8%) had low awareness of the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources. The respondents’ main source of information on the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources were radio (64.17%) and extension agents (54.2%). The high cost of other alternatives, scarcity of refilling stations, scarcity of the alternatives, and lack of funds to purchase other alternatives are some of the major constraint bedevilling the use of non-solid energy sources. Level of education (χ2 = 6.584; p < 0.1) and average monthly income (χ2 = 8.277; p < 0.1) were significantly related to awareness of the environmental implication of the unsustainable use of biomass energy. It is therefore recommended that people should be enlightened on the environmental implications associated with the unsustainable use of biomass energy sources. Furthermore, policies favouring a switch of energy source should be considered.

scholarly journals Awareness of the health implications of use of biomass energy sources among women in rural households of Jigawa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Martins Olusegun Orifah ◽  
Messiah Chijioke Ijeoma ◽  
Alfred Ehizua Ehien ◽  
Ado Nasiru ◽  
Olushola Samuel Fadairo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Abstract Various health challenges and fatalities in rural communities of most developing countries of the world have been traceable to the unabated use of biomass energy sources. We therefore assessed the awareness of the health implications of the use of biomass energy sources among women in rural households of Jigawa State. Multistage sampling procedure was used to collect data from 120 respondents using structured questionnaires. Data were collected on respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics, types of biomass used, information sources on the health implications from use of biomass energy sources, awareness of the health implications and constraints to the use of alternatives to biomass. Data were summarised using frequencies, percentages, means, Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Majority of the respondents (78.3 %) were below 40 years of age with a mean age of 30 ± 2.02 years. Majority were married (90.8 %), Muslims (100 %), involved in agro-processing (65.8 %), had no formal education (73.3 %), and earned not more than ₦10, 000 (90.8 %) with mean household size of 9 members. Wood (100 %) and charcoal (100 %) were the dominant biomass energy sources used. Respondents’ main source of information on the health implications of the use of biomass were radio (64.2 %) and extension agents (54.2 %). Awareness level of the health implications from the use of biomass energy sources was fairly high (51.7 %). High cost of the alternatives, scarcity of refilling points and alternatives and lack of capital were the main hindrances to the use of the alternatives to biomass energy sources. The result on the inferential statistics revealed that a significant association existed between education (χ2 = 6.08; P < 0.05) and awareness of health implications from the use of biomass. Efforts should be made to sensitize women on the health implications resulting from the use of biomass. Alternatives should be made available and affordable to encourage a switch from biomass energy sources thereby reducing the fatalities that may result from its continual use.

scholarly journals RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ PERCEPTION OF VITAMIN A BIOFORTIFIED CASSAVA AND ITS PRODUCTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-413
Author(s):  
Dorcas Lola ALABI ◽  
Damilola Leah ARIBIFO ◽  
Oluwatomiwo Elizabeth OLUYEMI
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Frequency Counts

The paper examined the perception of rural households about vitamin A biofortified cassava and its products in Osun State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 50 households’ members. Quantitative data were collected on the respondents’ personal and socio-economic characteristics, their awareness on vitamin A biofortified cassava, their perception about the crop and its products, as well as the constraints affecting its acceptability in the study area. Data were described using frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviation and inferential statistics, like Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Chi-square analyses. Results showed that the respondents had a mean age of 52.62 ± 14.30, while 82% of them were married. 74% of the respondents had heard of Vitamin A bio fortified cassava, 64% had seen it while 44% had planted it with 54% having positive perception towards the crop and its products. Poor transport facilities (mean = 3.16) and difficulties in getting planting materials (mean = 2.36) ranked highest among the constraints affecting acceptability of the crop in the study area. There exist significant association between the respondents’ marital status and their perception about vitamin A biofortified cassava. It was concluded that majority of the respondents have positive perception towards vitamin A biofortified cassava and its products. It was recommended that extension personnel should create more awareness about the nutritional value of the crop and its products to enhance better food security status among rural households.

scholarly journals Determinants of consumers’ choice behaviour for fresh fish types

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-256
Author(s):  
Sina Basil Johnson ◽  
Ojuetimi Enitan Mafimisebi ◽  
Joseph Olukubun Ikuerowo ◽  
Orimisan Justin Ijigbade
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Logit Regression Model

The demand for and supply of fresh fish in many developing countries in the world today Nigeria inclusive, are yet to satisfy the annual dietary needs of their citizenry. This phenomenon, therefore, put unresisting pressure on the need to identify and grow more fresh fish that can meet the socio-cultural and economic desires of consumers. In the light of this, the present study examines the determinants of consumers’ choice behaviour for fresh fish types in Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 360 household heads through a structured questionnaire using a multistage sampling procedure. Multinomial logit regression model (MNL) was employed to analyse the impacts of socio-economic and fish-specific attributes of consumer choice for fresh fish. Results showed that 81 per cent were female households with a mean age of 35 years and mean household size of 4 members. Mean years of schooling and monthly expenditure were 13 and ₦3,611.94 (USD10.01), respectively. Mean consumptions of fresh fish category were mudfish (0.3354), catfish (0.1889), tilapia (0.2167), trunk fish (0.1138) and snakehead fish (0.1444). The McFadden R2 was 0.50 and the validity of independence of irrelevant alternatives hypothesis for the use of MNL was not violated given a p-value of 0.7618. Results showed that consumers' income, price of the fish, level of education, household size, experience and freshness had a significant impact on fresh fish choices. The study therefore recommends that policy that will increase consumers’ satisfaction for every naira spent on fresh fish and improve fish qualities should be given proper attentions.

scholarly journals Awareness of the health implications of use of biomass energy sources among women in rural households of Jigawa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martins Olusegun Orifah ◽  
Messiah Chijioke Ijeoma ◽  
Alfred Ehizua Ehien ◽  
Ado Nasiru ◽  
Olushola Samuel Fadairo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Abstract Various health challenges and fatalities in rural communities of most developing countries of the world have been traceable to the unabated use of biomass energy sources. We therefore assessed the awareness of the health implications of the use of biomass energy sources among women in rural households of Jigawa State. Multistage sampling procedure was used to collect data from 120 respondents using structured questionnaires. Data were collected on respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics, types of biomass used, information sources on the health implications from use of biomass energy sources, awareness of the health implications and constraints to the use of alternatives to biomass. Data were summarised using frequencies, percentages, means, Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Majority of the respondents (78.3 %) were below 40 years of age with a mean age of 30 ± 2.02 years. Majority were married (90.8 %), Muslims (100 %), involved in agro-processing (65.8 %), had no formal education (73.3 %), and earned not more than ₦10, 000 (90.8 %) with mean household size of 9 members. Wood (100 %) and charcoal (100 %) were the dominant biomass energy sources used. Respondents’ main source of information on the health implications of the use of biomass were radio (64.2 %) and extension agents (54.2 %). Awareness level of the health implications from the use of biomass energy sources was fairly high (51.7 %). High cost of the alternatives, scarcity of refilling points and alternatives and lack of capital were the main hindrances to the use of the alternatives to biomass energy sources. The result on the inferential statistics revealed that a significant association existed between education (χ2 = 6.08; P < 0.05) and awareness of health implications from the use of biomass. Efforts should be made to sensitize women on the health implications resulting from the use of biomass. Alternatives should be made available and affordable to encourage a switch from biomass energy sources thereby reducing the fatalities that may result from its continual use.

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