scholarly journals Need Assessment for the Professional Development of Teachers in Content Knowledge of Instructional Planning and Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Rizwan
Keyword(s):  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Instructional Planning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Practical Field ◽  
Different Levels

In 2009 the National professional standards were introduced for teachersin Pakistan to determine a nationwide quality of teaching. Thesestandards focus on the quality of teacher preparation from this timeonwards; the present study was initiated to determine the needs of theworkforce who are already in the practical field and how they mayachieve the established standard. Therefore, in the light of the prescribedstandard “Instructional Planning and Strategies (IPS)”this articleinvestigated the levels of content knowledge of IPS possessed by theteachers in secondary schools; it further determined the difference in thecontent knowledge levels of urban & rural, male& female teachersregarding IPS. It was a survey type quantitative study with a populationspread of secondary school teachers (SSTs) working in the fourprovinces and Federal Capital. A multistage sampling procedure wasadopted to collect data from 400 SSTs belonging to the population area.The need of the in-service teachers for acquiring content knowledge ofIPS was gauged through a questionnaire based on seven indicators ofcontent knowledge given in the professional standards; the teachersfurther prioritized their training needs in these defined areas. Moreover,data triangulation was done to ensure the validity of the study. The indepthanalysis revealed that SSTs possessed different levels on eachindicator of content knowledge of IPS but a meager number wascompetent in it. Independent sample “t-test” was applied to calculate thedifference between content knowledge of IPS possessed by the male&female, urban& rural SSTs.

scholarly journals Civic Education and Pupils’ Civic Dispositions in Ghana and Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
Sunday Paul Odusanya ◽  
Adesoji Oni
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Government Education ◽  
Basic School ◽  
Civic Dispositions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Civic Awareness ◽  
Multistage Sampling

The ultimate desire of any sensitive government is to build responsible citizens who will participate meaningfully in the developmental efforts within and outside society. The current social-political upheavals in Ghana and Nigeria underscored the need for national value orientation and reorientation for effective nation-building. The study adopted a descriptive survey to assess gender differences in pupils’ civic disposition in Ghana and Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 920 Basic 8 pupils from four educational circuits in Central Region, Ghana and four Local Government Education Authorities in Lagos and Ogun State in South-West, Nigeria. The research tool was tagged: Basic Education Pupils’ Questionnaire (BEPQ). The data were analysed using simple percentages, mean scores and independent t-tests at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that there is no significant gender difference in the contribution of basic education to pupils’ civic disposition.  The main conclusion drawn from this study is that the difference in the level of civic awareness of basic school pupils is due to the quality of basic education and that civic disposition increases the likelihood of a person engaging in civic activities. Government at all levels should encourage publication of relevant textbooks and research findings on basic school pupils especially in value-laden subjects like civic education.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE BASED PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF IN-SERVICE TEACHERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Rizwan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Level ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Instructional Planning ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
The Government

Developing countries all over the world are struggling to improve their education system to achieve sustainable development standards. Pakistan being a developing country is no different; the two major issues related to education are quality and quantity and both are imperative in our current situation where we are up against the challenges of low literacy and poor quality of education. The government has taken up the challenge of low quality of education by investing in teacher education in the form of various reforms which are designed to enhance the teaching quality and provide standards of acceptability across the country. In this regard professional standards in 2009 were launched across the country for teachers. The latest concept of teaching is no more transfer of knowledge rather it is the transformation of knowledge in an organized manner. This organized knowledge transformation requires detailed planning and multiple strategies of delivery; this concept took the fourth place in the professional standards as “Instructional Planning and Strategies”. This standard has three dimensions one of which is “Performance” with eight indicators that can be used to measure this dimension. This article focuses on the performance of in-service teachers teaching at secondary level gauged on the defined indicators of performance in instructional planning & strategies stated in the professional standards. The population was teachers already teaching at secondary level from all the four provinces and Islamabad, according to multistage sampling technique 400 teachers were selected and further their 80 head teachers were also included for the purpose of triangulation. The findings showed that currently in-service teachers required training at varying degree on all the indicators of performance which provided the basis for priority wise training recommendations according to the defined indicators. The challenge of quality teaching in the country can be addressed if the teachers perform according to the prescribed standards.

scholarly journals Molecular Biology and Genetics Teaching at Different Levels of Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
Tetiana Khrypunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Insight Into

This article is focused on mapping out the form and extent of education of genetics and molecular biology in high schools in Czech Republic and impact of liberalization of education compared to education in Slovac Republic, where education is partly liberalized, and Ukraine, where education is centralized. We have evaluated the available literature, subjective satisfaction of students and retrospective evaluation from absolvents of adequacy of education according to further studies on universities or colleges. In this article we concentrated on gymnasiums and lyceums, because genetics and molecular biology is taught (as separate disciplines) in these types of school and relevant part of students continue studying them in colleges and universities. Among the students of universities who answered the questions of our questionnaire were students of the biological, biochemical and medical faculties, because they were the ones who continue to study these subjects in universities. Material and methods. Our research was based on studying the available literature concerning current legislation of the selected countries (mainly the difference between education systems of countries), as well as surveys among middle and high school students, university students and secondary school teachers in the form of a questionnaire. We are aware of the fact that the amount of data we have obtained in the research is not entirely sufficient to create a picture of the overall situation, but we hope that the obtained data will still provide some insight into the situation as a whole. According to collected data we have divided taught topics into several categories: depending on the extent and depth of immersion in the topic of teaching; the degree to which they are understandable to students; and the degree to which the topics are sufficient for further study at universities. We compared the results of the above countries and outlined the relationship between them. Conclusion. We noted several changes that had occurred in education under the influence of the liberalization

scholarly journals Exploring the Practices of Government Secondary School Teachers about National Professional Standards for Teacher

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (IV) ◽  
pp. 494-500
Author(s):  
Fasiha Altaf ◽  
Muhammad Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Government

or enhancing the quality of teachers, the Government of Pakistan introduced the National Professional Standards for Teachers in 2009. The study was qualitative in nature. A case study design was adopted to conduct the research. A purposive criterion sampling technique was used to select the sample. A semi-structured interview and observation checklist was developed by the researcher. The instruments were validated and improved in the light of experts� opinions. Research ethics were observed during the study and before the data collection. Themes were generated and interpreted which were relevant to the research questions of the study. The findings of the study indicate that public sector teachers have command of the subject matter knowledge, but lesson planning and proper assessment are missing. It is being recommended that awareness about the National Professional Standards must be created among public sector teachers and teachers should be made bound for planning their instructions according to standards.

scholarly journals WAYS TO IMPROVE THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF A UNIVERSITY THROUGH A PROJECT APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Victor Babenko ◽  
◽  
Emin Yagubov ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Effective Change ◽  
Different Levels

The problems of the quality of higher education are constantly discussed at different levels, but the cardinal changes have not occurred so far. Constantly changing standards dictated by the time and changes in the requirements of the labor market, only aggravate this position. However, the rapid obsolescence of knowledge, the need for timely and effective change in the educational process under the requirements of the market and the employer, the displacement of obsolete professions by new ones, weak basic preparation (in most cases) of school graduates require other approaches to the optimization of the educational process in universities. The article models the educational process of a university in order to identify the factors that determine its effectiveness. Ways to optimize (reengineering) this process are offered, increasing its adaptability to labor market requests and improving the efficiency of the learning process. The educational process is analyzed as a "business process", and substantiates the conclusion that in many respects the educational activity corresponds to the category of "Project". Such interpretation allows you to offer new more flexible tools for quality management of students, which meets the modern qualifications of employers and professional standards.

scholarly journals The Heterogenous Demand for Urban Parks between Home Buyers and Renters: Evidence from Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9058
Author(s):  
Tianzheng Zhang ◽  
Yingxiang Zeng ◽  
Yingjie Zhang ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Hongxun Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Parks ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
Price Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Many studies have confirmed that there is demand among urban residents and renters for urban parks. Moreover, as renters and home buyers have very different levels of ownership over their housing resources, their demands for amenities can be heterogenous. To discover and identify such heterogeneous demands is worthy of attention. Using the micro-housing resale transactions and listing data for housing leases in Beijing during 2019, this paper explores the difference between the demand for urban parks among home buyers and renters outside the community from the perspective of the internal quality of the community by using the hedonic price model (HPM). Specifically, from the dimension of the property management service fee and greening rate, we find that for home buyers, compared to residents living in relatively poor-quality communities, a better-quality community will reduce the demand for urban parks outside the community. Conversely, for renters, the higher the quality of the community is, the higher the demand for urban parks outside the community will be.

scholarly journals LEARNING KNOWLEDGE OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEORETICAL ADVICE AND SCHOOL PRACTICE WITH THE HELP OF LINKING ASSIGNMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2(25)) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
R. Magsar ◽  
B. Hadbaatar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Practice ◽  
Mathematical Connections ◽  
Study And Teaching ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basic Quality ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics ◽  
The Difference

This research is based on the theory that mathematical connections are established by solving problems in different ways in the study and teaching of mathematics. Based on one-on-one interviews with 12 secondary school teachers in Mongolia and two group meetings, we showed that the difference between theoretical advice and school practice in a multitasking environment depends on the basic quality of the teachers’ knowledge. A complex relationship has been revealed between different types of teachers’ knowledge.

scholarly journals Well-being of rural households around Ikere-Gorge dam in Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Siji Olutegbe ◽  
Janice Elaine Olawoye ◽  
Olutokunbo Birdies Oyesola
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Low Constraint ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Tourism Services

Abstract The study investigated the well-being of rural households around Ikere-Gorge dam operated in South-western Nigeria. Ninety rural households were sampled in four communities, using a multistage sampling procedure. Data were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, means and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (at α0.05). Majority of the household heads were males (84.4%), married (86.7%), Christians (56.7%), had no or primary education (74.5%) with average age of 42.28 ± 7.63 years. Marginalization by government (91.1%), elite capture of support services (90.0%) and lack of extension services (83.3%) were rated major constraints to livelihood by majority. The dam served benefits such as availability of water for domestic use (x¯ = 2.83), improved socioeconomic development (x¯ = 2.56), and recreational and tourism services (x¯ = 2.42). Both quality of life (x¯ = 1.73) and health (x¯ = 1.88) indicators of well-being were generally low. Constraint to livelihood had a significant relationship (r = −0.323) with respondents’ overall well-being. The study concluded that households around dams are faced with multi-dimensional challenges at varying degrees, with negative implications for livelihood and well-being of rural households.

Letter to the Editor: The Continuing Challenge of Evaluating RSD Impairment and Disability

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Robert L. Knobler ◽  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Leon H. Ensalada ◽  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Disability Evaluation ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Major Cardiac Event ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Impairment Score ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The author of the two-part article about evaluating reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) responds to criticisms that a percentage impairment score may not adequately reflect the disability of an individual with RSD. The author highlights the importance of recognizing the difference between impairment and disability in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides): impairment is the loss, loss of use, or derangement of any body part, system, or function; disability is a decrease in or the loss or absence of the capacity to meet personal, social, or occupational demands or to meet statutory or regulatory requirements because of an impairment. The disparity between impairment and disability can be encountered in diverse clinical scenarios. For example, a person's ability to resume occupational activities following a major cardiac event depends on medical, social, and psychological factors, but nonmedical factors appear to present the greatest impediment and many persons do not resume work despite significant improvements in functional capacity. A key requirement according to the AMA Guides is objective documentation, and the author agrees that when physicians consider the disability evaluation of people, more issues than those relating to the percentage loss of function should be considered. More study of the relationships among impairment, disability, and quality of life in patients with RSD are required.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

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