scholarly journals Seedling and adult plant resistance to Pyricularia oryzae in Ethiopian rice cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Geleta Gerema ◽  
Girma Mengistu ◽  
Megersa Kebede ◽  
Dagnachew Lule ◽  
Kebede Desalegn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Rice Improvement ◽  
High Level

AbstractTwo separate experiments were done for seedling and adult resistance in rice varieties against blast. Each experiment consists of 20 varieties and is evaluated under artificial inoculation with blast. The result of the study confirmed that NERICA varieties have shown low disease infection at the seedling stage whereas the varieties Chewaka and Edget have shown adult plant resistance. Severe yield reduction and highly diseased grain were obtained from Superica-1, which is highly susceptible at adult plant stage. In contrast, the maximum grain yield was obtained from the Chewaka and Edget varieties, these having a high level of adult resistance. Therefore, Chewaka and Edget are promising candidates for utilization in yield and blast resistance in rice improvement.

scholarly journals Deciphering resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession ‘Agili39’

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahbi Ferjaoui ◽  
Lamia Aouini ◽  
Rim Ben Slimane ◽  
Karim Ammar ◽  
Suzanne Dreisigacker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Adult Plant Stage ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Major Qtl

Abstract Background Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici (Z. tritici), is an important biotic threat to durum wheat in the entire Mediterranean Basin. Although most durum wheat cultivars are susceptible to Z. tritici, research in STB resistance in durum wheat has been limited. Results In our study, we have identified resistance to a wide array of Z. tritici isolates in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession ‘Agili39’. Subsequently, a recombinant inbred population was developed and tested under greenhouse conditions at the seedling stage with eight Z. tritici isolates and for five years under field conditions with three Z. tritici isolates. Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) resulted in the identification of two major QTL on chromosome 2B designated as Qstb2B_1 and Qstb2B_2. The Qstb2B_1 QTL was mapped at the seedling and the adult plant stage (highest LOD 33.9, explained variance 61.6 %), conferring an effective resistance against five Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_2 conferred adult plant resistance (highest LOD 32.9, explained variance 42 %) and has been effective at the field trials against two Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_1 QTL was mapped at the seedling and the adult plant stage (highest LOD 33.9, explained variance 61.6 %), conferring an effective resistance against five Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_2 conferred adult plant resistance (highest LOD 32.9, explained variance 42 %) and has been effective at the field trials against two Z. tritici. The physical positions of the flanking markers linked to Qstb2B_1 and Qstb2B_2 indicate that these two QTL are 5Mb apart. In addition, we identified two minor QTL on chromosomes 1A (Qstb1A) and chromosome 7A (Qstb7A) (highest LODs 4.6 and 4.0, and explained variances of 16 % and 9%, respectively) that were specific to three and one Z. tritici isolates, respectively. All identified QTL were derived from the landrace accession Agili39 that represents a valuable source for STB resistance in durum wheat. Conclusion This study demonstrates that Z. tritici resistance in the ‘Agili39’ landrace accession is controlled by two minor and two major QTL acting in an additive mode.

ADULT PLANT RESISTANCE OF SOME OAT VARIETIES TO PHYSIOLOGIC RACES OF CROWN RUST

1944 ◽  
Vol 22c (6) ◽  
pp. 287-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Peturson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Puccinia Coronata ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Adult Plant Stage ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Physiologic Races ◽  
Generalized Type

The reactions of five varieties of oats in the seedling and adult plant stages to seven physiologic races of crown rust, Puccinia coronata Corda var. Avenae Erikss. & Henn. were determined.All five varieties were completely susceptible in the seedling stage to all the races. Two varieties, Erban and Ajax, were resistant in the adult plant stage to some of the races and susceptible or moderately susceptible to others. Two other varieties, R.L. No. 1370 and R.L. No. 1510 were resistant in the adult plant stage to all the races used in this test, and apparently possess a generalized type of adult plant resistance to crown rust.

scholarly journals Responses of Barley Cultivars and Lines to Isolates of Pyrenophora teres

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Douiyssi ◽  
D. C. Rasmusson ◽  
A. P. Roelfs
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
High Level

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres, is among the most damaging foliar diseases of barley worldwide. A knowledge of the reaction of local cultivars, putative resistant lines, and variability in the net blotch pathogen is necessary to develop a successful resistance breeding program. Disease responses of 38 barley lines to 15 P. teres isolates were studied at the seedling and adult plant stages in the glasshouse, and field responses to net blotch were evaluated at three Moroccan locations. No tested barley was resistant to all isolates, and resistance was apparently of the specific type. Pathogenic variability was great, as none of the 15 isolates were identical. For each isolate tested, a specific high level of resistance was found in one or more host lines. Seedling and adults plants often differed in response to the same isolate. Adult plant resistance was commonly observed in response to isolate I-1, and seedling resistance was more common to isolate I-14. Adult plant resistance of nine lines was undetected in seedling evaluations using isolate I-1. The seedling glasshouse and field responses of the barley lines varied considerably, limiting the value of seedling testing for resistance. Field reactions of resistant and moderately resistant were consistent across the three locations for the lines Heartland, Minn 7, CI 2333, and CI 2549. The variability observed in P. teres and failure to find lines with resistance to all isolates suggests that breeding for resistance should emphasize pyramiding of resistance genes.

Genetics of leaf-rust resistance in three spelt wheats

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Dyck ◽  
E. E. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Field Reaction ◽  
High Level

The inheritance of leaf-rust resistance was studied in three accessions of spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L.). Accession 7831 has a gene for seedling resistance to leaf rust that is linked with Lr33 (5.4 ± 1.05%), which is known to he on the long arm of chromosome 1B. This gene, which was either recessive or partially dominant, is designated Lr44, and because of its field reaction, should be useful in breeding rust-resistant wheats. Accession 7839 may also have this gene and an additional gene that in the seedling stage conditioned a type 2 infection to many races but little field resistance. Accessions 7831, 7839 and 7825 also have possibly in common a gene for adult-plant resistance. This gene, which did not give a high level of field resistance, was independent of Lr12, Lr13, Lr22, Lr34 and Lr35, other genes for adult-plant resistance. Key words:Triticum, wheat, leaf-rust resistance

Comparative assessments of seedling runner and adult-plant resistance to leaf scorch in strawberry

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Xue ◽  
J. C. Sutton ◽  
A. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Adult Plant Stage ◽  
Leaf Scorch ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Adult Plants ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Nine progeny populations, derived from a half-diallel and self-crosses of strawberry cultivars Vantage, Scotland, Governor Simcoe and Kent were evaluated for resistance to leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earlianum) as seedling runners and at the adult-plant stage. At both stages selfed Vantage and selfed Scotland were resistant; crosses between Vantage and Kent and between Governor Simcoe and Kent were susceptible; and remaining progeny populations were of intermediate resistance. A strong correlation (r = 0.970, P < 0.01) was observed between resistance of seedling runners and adult-plants of the nine S1 and F1 populations. The results suggest that strawberry genotypes can be evaluated effectively at the seedling stage in a breeding program for resistance to leaf scorch. Key words: Leaf scorch, Diplocarpon earlianum, strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa, seedling-runner, adult plant, resistance

Molecular characterization of adult plant resistance loci against powdery mildew in winter wheat cultivar Liangxing 99 using BSR-Seq technology

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Shi ◽  
Peipei Wu ◽  
Jinghuang Hu ◽  
Dan Qiu ◽  
Yunfeng Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Plant Stage

Winter wheat cultivar Liangxing 99, which carries gene Pm52, is resistant to powdery mildew at both seedling and adult plant stages. An F2:6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from cross Liangxing 99 × Zhongzuo 9504 was phenotyped with Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolate Bgt27 at the adult plant stage in four field tests and the seedling stage in a greenhouse test. The analysis of bulk segregant RNA sequences identified an SNP-enriched locus, Qaprpm.caas.2B, on chromosome 2BL in the same genomic interval of Pm52 associated with the all-stage resistance (ASR) and Qaprpm.caas.7A on chromosome 7AL associated with the adult-plant resistance (APR) against the disease. Qaprpm.caas.2B was detected in a 1.3 cM genetic interval between markers Xicscl726 and XicsK128 in which Pm52 was placed with a range of LOD values from 28.1 to 34.6, and the phenotype variations explained in terms of maximum disease severity (MDS) ranged from 45% to 52%. The LOD peak of Qaprpm.caas.7A was localized in a 4.6 cM interval between markers XicsK7A8 and XicsK7A26 and explained the phenotypic variation of MDS ranging from 13% to 16%. The results of this study confirmed Pm52 for ASR and identified Qaprpm.caas.7A for APR to powdery mildew in Liangxing 99. Keywords: Triticum aestivum; Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici; Pm52; QTL; BSR-Seq

cDNA-AFLP Analysis Reveals Differential Gene Expression in Wheat Adult- Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang ZHANG ◽  
Yan-Ling DONG ◽  
Ning XIA ◽  
Yi ZHANG ◽  
Xiao-Jie WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Differential Gene
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