Black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) colonization by macrofungi in the fourth season of its decline due to different control measures in the Kampinos national Park

AbstractThe experiment conducted in the Kampinos National Park since 2015 was aimed at assessing the sprouting ability of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) in response to different measures of mechanical control and mycobiota colonizing the dying trees. Basal cut-stump, cutting at ca. 1 m above the ground and girdling were performed on 4 terms, two plots and applied to 25 trees, 600 trees in total. Sprouts were removed every 8 weeks since the initial treatment for 4 consecutive growing seasons, except winter-treated trees. At the end of the fourth season of control, 515 out of 600 trees were dead (86%): 81% on Lipków and 90% on Sieraków plot. Among 18 experiment variants with sprouts removal, 17 showed more than 80% of dead trees. The lowest, 76% share, concerned summer cut-stump at the base of the tree. For winter measures, the share of dead trees was lower in all cases and ranged from 28% to 64% proving that sprouts removal contributes to the drop of sprouting strength and quicker dying of the trees. Almost 80% of trees showed sporocarps that represented 51 taxa of macrofungi in total, including 6 Ascomycota and 45 Basidiomycota. The group of six most frequently encountered fungi includes: Hyphoderma setigerum, Bjerkandera adusta, Peniophora cinerea, Armillaria ostoyae, Nectria cinnabarina, Stereum hirsutum. Both plots had similar share of black cherry individuals with sporocarps of macrofungi, that is, 81% and 78% for Sieraków and Lipków respectively. The share of colonized trees and the number of reported macrofungal taxa increased significantly compared to the year following the treatment. In addition, the composition of macrofungi changed with the progressing dying of trees. These results broaden the knowledge about macroscopic fungi colonising and living on black cherry within its secondary range of distribution. Moreover, one macrofungus and two microfungi new for KNP are reported.

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Is cut-stump and girdling an efficient method of black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. eradication?

Folia Forestalia Polonica ◽

10.1515/ffp-2017-0002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 14-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Otręba ◽

Katarzyna Marciszewska ◽

Daria Janik

Keyword(s):

Western Europe ◽

Ground Level ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Dead Trees ◽

First Choice ◽

Mechanical Methods ◽

Tree Survival ◽

Cut Stump

Abstract Efforts to prevent the invasion of black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. have a long history in Western Europe. However, effective methods of eliminating it that do not bear negative side effects for ecosystems have not yet been developed. Mechanical methods are the first choice in environmentally sensitive areas. In this study, we aimed to find answers to the questions: does the application of cutting at a height of 1 m from the ground limit the sprouting capacities of black cherry? And, is stem girdling an effective method of eliminating black cherry? The study was carried out in the Kampinos National Park, on two mixed pine forest plots with undergrowth of black cherry. Three mechanical methods of elimination were applied: cut-stump at the base, cutting at a height of 1 m above the ground and girdling of the stem at a height of ca 1 m above the ground. In both locations, 225 trees were treated, at three different dates corresponding with three different phenological phases of black cherry development. The evaluation of effectiveness of treatments was based on the sprouting capacity of the tree afterwards, which included: the number of generated sprouts, the length of three longest sprouts, dry mass of sprouts, and the assessment of tree survival rate. It was discovered that girdling is a significantly more effective method of control than ground-level cut-stump or cutting at a height of 1 m above the ground in the conditions of central Poland. However, in the season of treatment, even though recurring sprouts were removed, only a part of the girdled trees died (24% to 54%). There is a slight difference between the sprouting response of cutting at a height of 1 m above the ground (4% to 24% of dead trees) and the basal cut-stump method (0% of dead trees).

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The dynamics of sprouts generation and colonization by macrofungi of black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. eliminated mechanically in the Kampinos National Park

Folia Forestalia Polonica ◽

10.2478/ffp-2018-0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 34-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarzyna Marciszewska ◽

Andrzej Szczepkowski ◽

Anna Otręba ◽

Lidia Oktaba ◽

Marek Kondras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Late Spring ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Mycological Research ◽

Response Dynamics ◽

Vegetation Season ◽

Cut Stump ◽

Cutting Height ◽

The Relationship

Abstract The experiment conducted in the Kampinos National Park since 2015 is aimed at investigating the relationship between the dynamics of black cherry sprouting response and the type and term of implementation of the mechanical elimination procedure. It also identifies macrofungi colonizing trees undergoing eradication. Three treatments, basal cut-stump, cutting (height: ca. 1 m) and girdling, were performed on 4 terms: early and late spring, summer and winter. Each variant was conducted within two plots, and applied to 25 trees, to 600 trees in total. For two consecutive vegetation seasons, sprouts were removed approximately every 8 weeks with the exception of winter-treated trees. Qualitative data were analysed, that is, the number of trees with and without sprouts at subsequent controls, and at the end of the second season, except winter-treated trees. Initially, almost 100% of the trees cut at the base and cut high responded by sprouting. The share of trees without sprouts gradually increased during the following vegetation season, from 3rd to 5th repetition of the sprouts removal, depending on the variant of experiment. Girdling contributed to a delay in sprouting. The effectiveness of procedures, expressed as share of trees without sprouts at the end of the second vegetation season, ranged widely (12%–84%), and depended statistically significantly on the date of the treatment. The effectiveness was higher for treatments done in early (average 68%) and late spring (average 74%), as compared to those done in summer (average 35%). Mycological research concerned 600 trees, including those treated in winter, without sprouts removal. Occurrence of 26 taxa of macrofungi was confirmed on 25% of trees; most of them having wood-decaying properties. Chondrostereum purpureum was most frequent, colonizing 9% of trees. Impact of plots varying soil moisture on succession and rate of fungi colonization, and on sprouting response dynamics requires further research.

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Sensitivity of seedlings of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. I. Exposure-response curves for biomass

New Phytologist ◽

10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb01839.x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 130 (3) ◽

pp. 447-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

HOWARD S. NEUFELD ◽

E. HENRY LEE ◽

JAMES R. RENFRO ◽

W. DAVID HACKER ◽

BEN-HUI YU

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Response Curves ◽

Great Smoky Mountains ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Smoky Mountains

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Observations of ozone-induced foliar injury on black cherry (Prunus serotina, var. capuli) within the Desierto de Los Leones National Park, Mexico City

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/s0269-7491(96)00121-2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 155-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

John M. Skelly ◽

James E. Savage ◽

Maria de Lourdes de Bauer ◽

Dionicio Alvarado

Keyword(s):

Mexico City ◽

National Park ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Foliar Injury

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Evaluation of ozone injury on foliage of black cherry (Prunus serotina) and tall milkweed (Asclepias exaltata) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/s0269-7491(96)00120-0 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Arthur Chappelka ◽

James Renfro ◽

Greg Somers ◽

Bruce Nash

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Great Smoky Mountains ◽

Ozone Injury ◽

Smoky Mountains

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Sensitivity of seedlings of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. I. Exposure-response curves for biomass

Biological Conservation ◽

10.1016/0006-3207(96)85977-5 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 309-310

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Response Curves ◽

Great Smoky Mountains ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Smoky Mountains

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Vegetative growth response of black cherry (Prunus serotina) to different mechanical control methods in a biosphere reserve

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2012-0257 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (12) ◽

pp. 2037-2051 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Peter Annighöfer ◽

Peter Schall ◽

Heike Kawaletz ◽

Inga Mölder ◽

André Terwei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Control Measures ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Control Methods ◽

Mechanical Control ◽

European Forest

We assessed the effectiveness of different management strategies against the non-native invasive tree species black cherry ( Prunus serotina Ehrh.). The species causes substantial management problems in European forest ecosystems, like the Valle del Ticino Biosphere Reserve in Italy, by suppressing the regeneration of native tree species. This can modify ecological key processes and cause biodiversity loss. Since chemical and biological control has mainly been abandoned in European forest ecosystem management, mechanical control measures are presently the preferred option to proceed against the black cherry but have shown very limited results in the reserve. The aim was to control the success of felling the species and to test other mechanical control methods such as girdling and snapping the trees with regard to their efficiency by quantifying the species’ growth reactions. For this purpose, observational studies were conducted in two forest stands of which one was treated in 1996 and the other more recently in 2009. A subsample of resprouting stumps was treated a second time in 2010 to observe the effect of a direct second cutback. An experimental study was implemented in a third forest stand also in 2010 to compare three different mechanical control methods. The results suggest that felling black cherry is ineffective if the objective is to reduce the species’ abundance because resprouts occur on 100% of the treated trees and biomass increment is not reduced in the long term. Girdling proved to be the most effective treatment across the diameter classes considered.

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Effect of Prunus serotina Ehrh. Volatile Compounds on Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus sylvestris L.

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12070846 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 846

Author(s):

Aleksandra Halarewicz ◽

Antoni Szumny ◽

Paulina Bączek

Keyword(s):

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Prunus Serotina ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Fraction ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Pine Seedlings ◽

Phytotoxic Effect

In temperate European forests invaded by Prunus serotina Ehrh. (black cherry), a reduction in the spontaneous regeneration capacity of Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) is observed. It could be caused by various factors, including allelopathic properties of this invasive plant. In this study the phytotoxic effect of P. serotina volatile compounds on P. sylvestris and the seasonal variation in this effect were assessed. Simple assays showed that volatiles emitted from P. serotina leaves significantly inhibited root growth of P. sylvestris seedlings. Their negative effect on stem growth was much weaker. The strongest phytotoxic effect on Scots pine seedlings was caused by the volatiles emitted from the youngest black cherry leaves. In fresh foliage of P. serotina, nineteen volatile organic compounds were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The dominant compound was benzaldehyde. On the basis of tests of linalool alone, it was found that this monoterpene present in the volatile fraction has a strong allelopathic potential and inhibits germination, root elongation and shoot elongation of pine seedlings. The results of our research suggest that volatile compounds from P. serotina leaves could limited survival of P. sylvestris individuals in the seedling phase.

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