scholarly journals The Ailing Gardens in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Suryyia Manzoor ◽  
Taniya Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Vaccine Administration ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
A Site

Abstract Gardens are generally associated with places that are aesthetically pleasing and perceived as promoters of social engagement within the community. Furthermore, gardens are believed to improve both the individuals’ physical and psychological state of mind. However, and contrary to the previous statements, gardens may also sometimes turn into a site of agony. One such example has been explored in this article- the tea gardens of India during the nineteenth century, where their inhabitants faced a cholera pandemic. The gardens infected with cholera led to a high mortality rate in the region. This article discusses the causes that led to the cholera outbreak in India and how it spread throughout the region, causing tea gardens to turn into ailing gardens. Moreover, emphasis has also been laid on the role of tea gardens as laboratories where vaccine administration against cholera was performed.

Sugar Rush: Sugar and Science in the British Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-150
Author(s):  
Nicole A. Jacoberger
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Foreign Competition ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
A Site

This article examines the contrasting evolution in sugar refining in Jamaica and Barbados incentivized by Mercantilist policies, changes in labor systems, and competition from foreign sugar revealing the role of Caribbean plantations as a site for experimentation from the eighteenth through mid-nineteenth century. Britain's seventeenth- and eighteenth-century protectionist policies imposed high duties on refined cane-sugar from the colonies, discouraging colonies from exporting refined sugar as opposed to raw. This system allowed Britain to retain control over trade and commerce and provided exclusive sugar sales to Caribbean sugar plantations. Barbadian planters swiftly gained immense wealth and political power until Jamaica and other islands produced competitive sugar. The Jamaica Assembly invested heavily in technological innovations intended to improve efficiency, produce competitive sugar in a market that eventually opened to foreign competition such as sugar beet, and increase profits to undercut losses from duties. They valued local knowledge, incentivizing everyone from local planters to chemists, engineers, and science enthusiasts to experiment in Jamaica and publish their findings. These publications disseminated important findings throughout Britain and its colonies, revealing the significance of the Caribbean as a site for local experimentation and knowledge.

Political Prisoners of the Italian Mezzogiorno: A Transnational Question of the Nineteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-649
Author(s):  
Elena Bacchin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
European Public ◽  
Transnational Actors ◽  
International Diplomacy ◽  
A Site ◽  
Political Imprisonment

Through a case study of a group of Neapolitan political activists incarcerated in Naples after the 1848 Revolution, this article aims to rescue the Italian convicts’ experience from its subsidiary status, presenting the prisons as a site of struggle and in particular highlighting the international, European dimension of political imprisonment in the nineteenth century. I argue that together with the exiled, political prisoners also acted as transnational actors of the Risorgimento; they aroused the interest of both public opinion and the world of diplomacy and were perceived as a humanitarian cause. Neapolitan political prisoners became spokespersons of their national and political cause abroad, had a clear agency and exploited European public opinion. This study will thus explore the dynamics of the Risorgimento from a transnational perspective, as well as in relation to British and French imperialistic policies in the Mediterranean, the international de-legitimization of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and more generally in terms of foreign humanitarian interventions in the nineteenth century and the role of political prisoners. The Neapolitan dungeons were not significantly different from those of other European states; however, they became the target of international diplomacy showing how Naples was considered somewhat in between European and non-European states.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-497-5p Functions as a Modulator of Apoptosis by Regulating Metadherin in Ovarian Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 096368971989706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Liu ◽  
Anne Bordeaux ◽  
Stanka Hettich ◽  
Suhui Han
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Related Proteins

Ovarian cancer (OC) has a high mortality rate among women worldwide. However, even with the advances in detection and therapeutics, the number of cases is increasing worldwide. Increasingly, microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-497-5p, have been implicated in the progression of many cancers, but the role of miR-497-5p in OC remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-497-5p in OC. Herein, we find that miR-497-5p is down-regulated in OC tissues, and overexpression of miR-497-5p enhances apoptosis in OC cells. The increased apoptosis was correlated with enhanced expression of apoptosis-related proteins. MiR-497-5p directly bound the 3’-untranslated region of metadherin (MTDH), leading to the reduction of MTDH in mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, MTDH knockout promoted the apoptosis of OC cells. Taken together, we conclude that miR-497-5p contributes to cell apoptosis in OC by regulating MTDH.

scholarly journals The Quintessential Role of the Soil: A Postcolonial Reading of Shadrach Ambanasom’s Son of the Native Soil and Wilson Katiyo’s A Son of the Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-47
Author(s):  
Vivian Bongka
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Growing Population

This paper entitled, “The Importance of the Soil: A Postcolonial Reading of Shadrach Ambanasom’s Son of the Native Soil and Wilson Katiyo’s A Son of the Soil demonstrates the importance of the soil which raises conflicts as well as generates wealth. The problem posed is that the soil, which is an empowerment tool, stimulates conflicts as agents desire socio-economic and political control. Such conflicts slow development and relegate the weak in both national and global affairs. The bond of contention evoked here is that socio-economic and political powers are secured through oppressive means which leave societies in chaos and stagnation. Some tenets of postcolonial theory will be used as a theoretical guide for analysis in this paper. Findings reveal that the soil has the ability to stimulate both prosperity and poverty that reinforce binaries. The paper concludes that, the expansion of the agricultural sector is fundamental to meet needs of a fast growing population. If the improvement of the soil is neglected, conflicts in societies risk to be increased resulting to high mortality rate caused by war and famine.

Screening in Ovarian Neoplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3687-3688
Author(s):  
Alexandra Ligia Dinca ◽  
Valeriu Gabi Dinca ◽  
Silviu Marian Constantinoiu ◽  
Rodica Daniela Birla
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasm ◽  
Screening Tests

Ovarian neoplasm is extremely aggressive and has a high mortality rate among affected women; therefore, the crucial role of screening tests is easy to understand. Prevention and early diagnosis should be essential priorities in the management of this malignancy. Since a complete and correct clinical examination can select the cases that require specialized investigations, we can consider it a first screening test.

scholarly journals Stab Injury of the Thoracic Aorta: Computed Tomography Findings

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Seyma Yildiz ◽  
Huseyin Toprak ◽  
Asli Serter ◽  
Ercan Kocakoç
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Role

Stab injury of the thoracic aorta is a rare condition with high mortality rate. Patients must be evaluated carefully, and the diagnosis usually should be confirmed by radiological modalities. In this case, we report a 37-year-old man presented with a penetrating stab injury to the upper back and the thoracic aorta, and the diagnostic role of computed tomography is discussed.

Borneo in Fragments: Geology, Biota, and Contraband in Trans-national Circuits

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tagliacozzo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The Third ◽  
Beaten Track ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
In Trans ◽  
A Site

AbstractIn the second half of the nineteenth century, Borneo – supposedly one of the most isolated islands on the planet – became a trans-national site of growing importance. Instead of being imagined as a site of endless forests, inaccessible mountains, and undisturbed nature, Borneo became a place to extract and move objects, many of them spinning off into international circuits. The British and Dutch, who became the dual colonial overlords of the island, became the primary actors in facilitating these movements. Yet Asian actors – such as the Chinese, Malays, and various Dayak peoples – also were heavily involved in these transits. The first part of this essay looks at the role of geology and minerals in effecting these transitions. The second part of the paper examines the movement of biota, especially vis-a-vis Chinese networks, in connecting Borneo to other shores. Finally, the third part of the essay looks at contraband cargoes of diverse origins in also facilitating these connections. I argue that far from being an isolated and ‘off-the-beaten-track’ locale, Borneo became central to new ideas of trans-national connection in Southeast Asia, linking people, commodities, and trade circuits into an ever-tightening embrace.

scholarly journals Cornish science, mine experiments and Robert Were Fox's Penjerrick letters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Gillin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Natural Philosopher ◽  
Philosophical Investigations ◽  
A Site ◽  
Century Science ◽  
Magnetic Phenomena

In 2019 a collection of letters from the nineteenth-century natural philosopher Robert Were Fox was discovered in his home at Penjerrick in Cornwall. Fox came to the attention of scientific audiences for experimentally establishing that temperature increases with depth beneath the Earth's surface, and later secured fame for his magnetic dipping needle, developed to measure terrestrial magnetic phenomena. The newly uncovered Penjerrick letters constitute a valuable archival discovery with important historical ramifications for our understanding of Fox's work and its place within nineteenth-century science. As well as highlighting the central role of networking in promoting provincial science, the letters reveal the prominence of the Cornish mine as a site of experiment within British scientific culture. These venues presented Fox with unique spaces in which to scrutinize nature, but such philosophical investigations were unverifiable within a laboratory and appeared susceptible to inaccuracies arising from the working conditions of this uncontrollable environment. Nevertheless, the Cornish mine was crucial to the development of Fox's dipping needle, which became the premier device for making magnetic observations at sea in the 1840s. In this article, I demonstrate the epistemologically problematic nature of the mine as an experimental space that was to take on a central role in the worldwide magnetic survey that historians have described as the ‘Magnetic Crusade’.

scholarly journals Inside Out - The role of Interior Architects in providing opportunities for social and cultural development in the urban interior.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kudzai Furusa
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
The Rich ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City

<p>Porirua is tucked alongside a beautiful harbour and a rugged coastline. The city offers natural beauty and peaceful surroundings which are matched with a vibrant culture and the youngest demographic in the country. Unfortunately, the cultural diversity is not represented in the architecture of the city, the harbour is polluted and underutilised. Porirua Harbour is not incorporated in the city’s urban design which has led to it being overlooked. This thesis proposes interventions to revitalise the harbour, focusing on bringing people back to the neglected area and expanding social engagement. The proposition highlights the role of Interior Designers in the urban landscape of Porirua and aims to uncover the rich history of the city. Urban Interior techniques and strategies are explored in an attempt to celebrate the local history and empower communities through design. The historical narrative acknowledges the importance of past events and their impact on communities in Porirua and aims to redesign for the future. The interior as a site has offered many opportunities for artists and designers to challenge how we inhabit and change architecture.Research involved consideration into urban interior spaces and sensorial qualities, to create a spatial experience that connects people with the past whilst addressing a contemporary setting.</p>

Screening in Ovarian Neoplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3687-3688
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasm ◽  
Screening Tests

Ovarian neoplasm is extremely aggressive and has a high mortality rate among affected women; therefore, the crucial role of screening tests is easy to understand. Prevention and early diagnosis should be essential priorities in the management of this malignancy. Since a complete and correct clinical examination can select the cases that require specialized investigations, we can consider it a first screening test. Keywords: ovarian neoplasm, the role of screening; prevention and early diagnosis, screening test

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