scholarly journals Sharing Data Through Specialized Corpus-Based Tools: The Case of GramatiKat

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-544
Author(s):  
Dominika Kováříková
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
The Creation

Abstract This paper presents a specialized corpus tool GramatiKat in the context of Open Science principles, namely data sharing, which offers opportunities for original research and facilitates verifiability of research and building on previous research. The tool is designed primarily for examining grammatical categories from the quantitative point of view. It offers grammatical profiles of particular lemmas (currently 14 thousand Czech nouns) and the proportion of individual grammatical categories within a part of speech, i.e., the standard behavior of a word class. The data in GramatiKat are pre-processed, statistically evaluated, and presented in charts and tables for clarity, and they are available to other linguists, especially from fields of morphology and lexicography. This article is aimed at providing inspiration and support to corpus and non-corpus linguists with utilization and enhanced use of the existing tools and with the creation of new specialized tools available to other users.

scholarly journals The Polysemy of “chɔ̂ɔp” in Thai: A Pragmatically Motivated Phenomenon

MANUSYA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Kandaporn Jaroenkitboworn
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Feature ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Social Standing ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Characteristic Behavior ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Pragmatic Motivation

This paper analyzes the word chɔ̂ɔp in Thai, which normally signifies three different meanings, namely ‘to be right’, ‘to like’ and ‘often’. The result of the analysis shows that it is more likely that the polysemy of chɔ̂ɔp arises from pragmatic motivation. Pragmatic motivation, which covers factors such as speakers’ attitude, intention, point of view, behavior and social standing, can affect actual use of language. Pragmatically, the word chɔ̂ɔp that means ‘to be right’ can easily lead to an action of agreement. In other words, when we regard something right; we tend to agree on it without argument. This attitude is related to another meaning of chɔ̂ɔp in the way that the degree of agreeability is strengthened into the meaning ‘to like’, or even ‘to love’ and ‘to enjoy’ sometimes. Also, when we like something, or even love and enjoy some activity, this kind of feeling can motivate us to do it again and again and thus we come to have a characteristic behavior. This typical behavior can consequently cause semantic features like [habitual] and [iterative] to occur. With the semantic feature [iterative], the word chɔ̂ɔp then has yet another meaning as ‘often’. This paper also discusses the grammaticalization of the word chɔ̂ɔp from a verb which means ‘to like’ into an adverb of frequency that means ‘often’ i.e. there is a change of word class or part of speech. It was found that there are many cases of chɔ̂ɔp that appear syntactically and semantically ambiguous, or, in other words they are in a transitional period of word class change. This paper indicates that such an ambiguity or incipient grammaticalization is motivated by the speaker’s attitude and point of view.

scholarly journals Interjections

Linguistics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Libert
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Original Function ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Conservative Policy ◽  
Long Time

Interjections are one of the traditional parts of speech (along with nouns, verbs, etc.), although some linguists have considered them not to be a part of language but rather instinctive reactions to a situation. The word interjection comes from the Latin interjicere “to throw between,” as they were seen as words that were tossed into a sentence, without being syntactically related to other items. Examples of English interjections are oh!, ah!, ugh!, and ouch! Interjections such as these, which are not (zero-)derived from words belonging to other parts of speech, and which have only an interjectional function, are called primary interjections; interjections that have evolved from words of other classes and which have retained their original function in addition to their new one are known as secondary interjections. Secondary interjections are often swear words, e.g. shit!, or religious terms, e.g. Jesus! Some (putative) interjections, interjectional phrases, consist of more than one word, e.g. my God!; they could be problematic for the view that interjections are a word class or part of speech. Interjections have received considerably less attention from linguists than the other parts of speech. This may be due, in part, to the just mentioned view that they are not really linguistic items and thus are of little or no interest from a linguistic point of view. However, to say that they have been neglected, as some authors do, is an overstatement; as can be seen in this article, scholars have been thinking and writing about different aspects of interjections for a long time (and note that this article mentions only works devoted (at least in large part) to interjections, not works on other subjects that also discuss interjections). Thus here one will see works on the phonetics/phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of interjections, among other subjects. There does, however, seem to be one gap in the literature: few, if any, papers focus on the morphology of interjections. A problem in compiling a bibliography on interjections is that authors disagree on what should be included in the set of interjections; for example, are onomatopoeias interjections (and thus should works on onomatopoeias be included in a bibliography on interjections)? In this article a conservative policy has been taken, and works dealing only with onomatopoeias (or greetings, etc.) have been excluded.

scholarly journals КАТЕГОРИАЛНОСТ И НЕКАТЕГОРИАЛНОСТ В СИСТЕМАТА НА РУСКИТЕ ЧИСЛИТЕЛНИ ИМЕНА (В СЪПОСТАВКА С БЪЛГАРСКИ) / CATEGORIALITY AND NON-CATEGORIALITY IN THE SYSTEM OF RUSSIAN NUMERALS (IN COMPARISION WITH BULGARIAN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (PR) ◽  
pp. 193-204
Author(s):  
ENCHO TILEV
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Theoretical Linguistics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Case Number

Few Indo-European languages categorize numerals as an independent part of speech. In all languages numerals are used to indicate the same extralinguistic quantity although in theoretical linguistics, researchers still argue for their correct classification. The aim of this paper is to take a closer look at some of the problems related to the categorical and non-categorial meanings of numerals in Russian and Bulgarian. The lexical peculiarity of the part of speech under study is intertwined with the functioning of the grammatical categories of case, number and gender. Although from a morphological point of view the grammatical categories are represented very sparsely, the available forms are characterized by exceptional originality and comprehensiveness, which is a further attestation to the connection between categoriality and noncategoriality. The analysis gives grounds to believe that numerals are the only part of speech in which non-categorial manifestations exceed categorial ones, which is a reason for further research within this class of words. Keywords: grammatical categoriality, noncategoriality, functional grammar, gram¬matical categories, Russian language, Bulgarian language, numerals

CAPRICCIOʼS GENRE IN MANDOLIN MUSIC AT THE END OF THE 19th – THE EARLY OF THE 20th CENTURIES (for example of the concert pieces by С. Munier)

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
N. V. Bashmakova ◽  
K. V. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Concert Works ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of this article is process of analyzing in reference to concert capriccio by C. Munier for mandolin with piano («Bizzarria», op. 201, Spanish сapriccio, op. 276) from the point of view of their genre specificity. Methodology. The research is based on the historical approach, which determines the specifics of the genre of Capriccio in the music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and in the work of C. Munier; the computational and analytical methods used to identify the peculiarities of the formulation and the performing interpretation of the original concert pianos for mandolins with piano that, according to the genre orientation (according to the composerʼs remarks), are defined as capriccio. Scientific novelty. The creation of Florentine composer,61mandolinist-vertuoso and pedagog C. Munier, which made about 300 compositions, is exponential for represented scientific vector. Concert works by C. Munier for mandolin and piano, created in the capriccio genre, were not yet considered in the art of the outdoors, as the creativity and composer’s style of the famous mandolinist. Conclusions. Thus, appealing to capriccio by С. Munier, which created only two works, embodied in them virtually all the evolutionary stages of the development of genre. In his opus of this genre there are a vocal, inherent in capriccio of the 17th century solo presentation, virtuosity, originality, which were embodied in the works of 17th – 18th centuries and the national color of the 19th century is clearly expressed. Thus, the Spanish capriccio is a kind of «musical encyclopedia» of national dance, which features are characteristic features of bolero, tarantella, habanera, and so forth. The originality of opus number 201 – «Bizzarria», is embodied in the parameters of shaping (expanded cadence of the soloist in the beginning) and emphasized virtuosity, which is realized in a wide register range, a variety of technical elements.

LES AXES DE LA CRÉATION ET LA NAISSANCE DE LʹIMAGINAIRE COMME LANGAGE MYTHIQUE

Trictrac ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Danciu ◽  
Petru Adrian Danciu
Keyword(s):  
Sacred Space ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
Rich Spectrum

The axes of the creation and birth of the imaginary as a mythical language. Our research follows the relationships of the concepts that are taking into account creation on the double axis of verticality and horizontality. We highlight those symbolic elements which would later constitute the mythical language about the sacred space-temporality. Inside this space-temporality a rich spectrum of mythical images develops; images capable of explaining the relationships of the creation plans. Without a religious perception of the temporality, the conceptualization of the axis would remain a philosophical approach. Through our point of view, the two are born simultaneously. Thanks to them, creation can be imagined. The first “frozen” formula of the mystical human spirit can be thought, brought to a palpable reality, expressed in an oral and then a written form. Studied together, temporality (sacred or not) and space are permanently imagined together. For example, a loss of mundane temporality in the secret ecstasy that offers to the soul an ascending direction does not mean getting out of universal temporality, but of its mundane section. In the sacred space the soul relates to time. Even the gods are submitted by the sacred, Aeon sometimes being synonymous to destiny. The universal creator seems to evade every touch, but not consistently, only when he avoids the descent into its created worlds. In sacredness, time and space seem or become confused, both expressing the same reality, by the immediate swing from thinking to deed. The mythical imagery conceives the displacement in the primary space-temporality by the spoken word. So, for something to appear and live, the spoken word is required. Even the divine dream appears as a pre-word of a creator’s thought. The thought follows the spoken word, the spoken word follows the gestures which finally indicate the meanings of the creative act, controlling the rhythm of the creation days. These three will later be adapted through imitation in rite. We are now situated at the limit of the physical world, a real challenge for the mythical imagery. The general feature of the mythical expression on the creation of the material world is the state of the divinity’s exhaustion, most often conceptualized by sacrifice or divine fatigue. The world geography identifies with the anatomy of a self-gutted god. Practically, material creation is most likely the complete revelation of God’s body autopsy. As each body decomposes, everything in it is an illusion. An axial approach of the phenomenon exists in all religious systems. The created element’s origin is exterior, with or without a pre-existing matter, by a god’s sacrifice or only because it has to be that way. This is the starting point of the discussion on the symbolism of axiality as a reason for the constitution of the language of creation, capable of retelling the imaginary construction of myth in an oral and then written form.

Introduction to the special section on Increasing Replicability, Transparency, and Openness in Clinical Psychology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Tackett ◽  
Josh Miller
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Clinical Psychologists ◽  
Existing Problems

As psychological research comes under increasing fire for the crisis of replicability, attention has turned to methods and practices that facilitate (or hinder) a more replicable and veridical body of empirical evidence. These trends have focused on “open science” initiatives, including an emphasis on replication, transparency, and data sharing. Despite this broader movement in psychology, clinical psychologists and psychiatrists have been largely absent from the broader conversation on documenting the extent of existing problems as well as generating solutions to problematic methods and practices in our area (Tackett et al., 2017). The goal of the current special section was to bring together psychopathology researchers to explore these and related areas as they pertain to the types of research conducted in clinical psychology and allied disciplines.

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF VERBS IN ENGLISH AND ALBANIAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2245-2249
Author(s):  
Suzana Ejupi ◽  
Lindita Skenderi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Learning English

Working with English learners for many years, gives you the opportunity to encounter linguistic obstacles that they face while learning English language as a foreign language. Additionally, teaching for 13 years and observing the learning process, it enables you to recognize the students’ needs and at the same time, detect linguistic mistakes that they make, while practicing the target language. During my experience as a teacher, in terms of teaching and learning verbs in general and its grammatical categories in specific, it is noticed that Albanian learners find it relatively difficult the correct use of verbs in context and even more confusing the equivalent use of verbs in Albanian. Since verbs present an important part of speech, this study aims to investigate several differences and similarities between grammatical categories of verbs in English and Albanian. As a result, the Albanian learners of English language will be able to identify some of the major differences and similarities between the grammatical categories of verbs in English and Albanian; overcome the usual mistakes; gain the necessary knowledge regarding verbs and use them properly in English and Albanian.

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