scholarly journals WATER SAFETY PLANS FROM THE ENGINEER’S PERSPECTIVE

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Gábor Dombay
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Abstract Water safety plans are public health related risk management plans, covering the entire water supply system, based on the theorem of prevention. Risk evaluation is fundamental for setting up a risk management system. A modified risk assessment equation is shown which takes into account the severity of consequences of the hazard an accentuated way. This method was used successfully n a number of practical water safety system applications. Water safety plans are practical tools for water utility operators which can be applied in different fields of operation, from water quality improvement of decision support tool of developments. The role of the distribution system and its operation is clarified from water quality deterioration and risk mitigation point of view.

Simulation in food catering industry. A dashboard of performance indicators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tufano ◽  
Riccardo Accorsi ◽  
Andrea Gallo ◽  
Riccardo Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Price ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Single Production

"Contract catering industry is concerned with the production of ready-to-eat meals for schools, hospitals and private companies. The structure of this market is highly competitive, and customers are rarely willing to pay a high price for this catering service. A single production sites may be demanded up to 10.000 meals per day and these operations can hardly be managed via rule of thumbs without any quantitative decision support tool. This situation is common at several stages of a food supply chain and the methodologies presented in this paper are addressed to any food batch production system with similar complexity and trade-offs. This paper proposes an original KPI dashboard, designed to control costs, time and quality efficiency and helping managers to identify criticalities. Special emphasis is given on food safety control which is the management’s main concern and must be carefully monitored in each stage of the production. To calculate the value of KPIs a Montecarlo simulation approach is used to deal with production complexity and uncertainty. A case study showcases the potential of simulation in this complex industrial field. The case study illustrates an application of the methodology on an Italian company suffering local recipe contamination. The company aims at defining the best standard for production, identifying cycles being sustainable from an economic and environmental point of view."

scholarly journals Overview of microbial risks in water distribution networks and their health consequences: quantification, modelling, trends, and future implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Viñas ◽  
Annika Malm ◽  
Thomas J.R. Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Microbial Risks

The water distribution network (WDN) is usually the final physical barrier preventing contamination of the drinking water before it reaches consumers. Because the WDN is at the end of the supply chain, and often with limited online water quality monitoring, the probability of an incident to be detected and remediated in time is low. Microbial risks that can affect the distribution network are: intrusion, cross-connections and backflows, inadequate management of reservoirs, improper main pipe repair and (or) maintenance work, and biofilms. Epidemiological investigations have proven that these risks have been sources of waterborne outbreaks. Increasingly since the 1990s, studies have also indicated that the contribution of these risks to the endemic level of disease is not negligible. To address the increasing health risks associated to WDNs, researchers have developed tools for risk quantification and risk management. This review aims to present the recent advancements in the field involving epidemiological investigations, use of quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) for modelling, risk mitigation, and decision-support. Increasing the awareness of the progress achieved, but also of the limitations and challenges faced, will aid in accelerating the implementation of QMRA tools for WDN risk management and as a decision-support tool.

Water safety plans for small systems: a model for applying HACCP concepts for cost-effective monitoring in developing countries

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Performance Limits ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Small Systems ◽  
Water Safety Plans ◽  
Contamination Events

The development of water safety plans (WSPs) for small systems should be based on a thorough understanding of the relationships between risk factors and contamination events. This can be achieved through the use of well-designed assessments of water quality that provide better evidence to support the identification of control measures, performance limits, monitoring parameters and verification procedures. Training of community operators is critical to the success of the WSP and the understanding gained from the assessments provides a sound basis for addressing these needs. The WSP approach provides for more effective control of water quality and the use of targeted assessments is cost-effective in improving the design of WSPs.

scholarly journals National survey of utilization of continuous water quality monitors in water supply systems in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1347-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kosaka ◽  
Y. Koike ◽  
Y. Miyabayashi ◽  
K. Saito ◽  
M. Asami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Water Safety Plans ◽  
Rapid Sand Filtration

Abstract An investigation of the utilization of water quality monitors at water purification plants throughout Japan was conducted via questionnaire from August to October 2015. The number of types of monitors installed at more than one water purification plant was 34. Chlorine, high sensitivity turbidity, pH, and turbidity monitors were (highly) recommended for installation in four water purification processes (rapid sand filtration, chlorination only, slow sand filtration and membrane treatment), except for high sensitivity turbidity of chlorination only. The number of installations of the monitors recommended and their installation points were dependent upon the processes. Highly recommended points of turbidity were raw water and sedimentation points, which were set for (critical) control points in water safety plans. That of high sensitivity turbidity was the rapid sand filtration point for confirmation of Cryptosporidium control. Chlorine monitors were applied for automatic control, regardless of the water purification processes. Some interesting monitors, such as those for musty odor compounds and trihalomethane, were newly developed and utilized. The results of this study showed that water quality monitors were important for water quality management systems based on water safety plans in Japan.

scholarly journals Water quality event detection and customer complaint clustering analysis in distribution systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mounce ◽  
John Machell ◽  
Joby Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Historic Data

Safe, clean drinking water is a foundation of society and water quality monitoring can contribute to ensuring this. A case study application of the CANARY software to historic data from a UK drinking water distribution system is described. Sensitivity studies explored appropriate choice of algorithmic parameter settings for a baseline site, performance was evaluated with artificial events and the system then transferred to all sites. Results are presented for analysis of nine water quality sensors measuring six parameters and deployed in three connected district meter areas (DMAs), fed from a single water source (service reservoir), for a 1 year period and evaluated using comprehensive water utility records with 86% of event clusters successfully correlated to causes (spatially limited to DMA level). False negatives, defined by temporal clusters of water quality complaints in the pilot area not corresponding to detections, were only approximately 25%. It was demonstrated that the software could be configured and applied retrospectively (with potential for future near real time application) to detect various water quality event types (with a wider remit than contamination alone) for further interpretation.

scholarly journals Water quality, compliance, and health outcomes among utilities implementing Water Safety Plans in France and Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Setty ◽  
Georgia L. Kayser ◽  
Michael Bowling ◽  
Jerome Enault ◽  
Jean-Francois Loret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Safety Plans

scholarly journals A commentary on recent water safety initiatives in the context of water utility risk management

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 958-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Hamilton ◽  
Paul Gale ◽  
Simon J.T. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Utility
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