scholarly journals Art, Aura, and Admiration in the Age of Digital Reproduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Patricia Anne Emison
Keyword(s):  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Art Market ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Reproduction ◽  
Price Escalation ◽  
Establishment Phase

Summary Walter Benjamin famously argued that the mass public of the twentieth century would necessarily correlate with a newly politicized art. But the world has changed considerably since Benjamin’s article was written, as Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer already were assessing less than a decade later. It is the purpose of this article to examine how the aesthetics of the Frankfurt school, though frequently still invoked, have lost some of their immediate relevance. The anti-establishment phase of the 60s, compounded by a pronounced taste for irony, rendered aura and exhibition outmoded values, while on the other hand, more recently, price escalation in the art market and digitization have made certain of the Frankfurt school arguments more pertinent than ever. Taking as examples Goldsworthy and Kentridge, this essay argues that a deliberate loosening of the artist’s control over both medium and reception displaces the warmed-over religious responses endorsed by Benjamin, positing instead increased intellectual agency on the part of viewers, whose identity as a mass public has become newly complicated.

scholarly journals The Frankfurt School and the authoritarian personality: Balance sheet of an insight

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 072551362110059
Author(s):  
Geoff Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
The Other ◽  
Authoritarian Personality ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Authoritarian Populism ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
School Research

Frankfurt School critical theory is perhaps the most significant theory of society to have developed directly from a research programme focused on the critique of political authoritarianism, as it manifested during the interwar decades of the 20th century. The Frankfurt School’s analysis of the persistent roots – and therefore the perennial nature – of what it describes as the ‘authoritarian personality’ remains influential in the analysis of authoritarian populism in the contemporary world, as evidenced by several recent studies. Yet the tendency in these studies is to reference the final formulation of the category, as expressed in Theodor Adorno and co-thinkers’ The Authoritarian Personality (1950), as if this were a theoretical readymade that can be unproblematically inserted into a measured assessment of the threat to democracy posed by current authoritarian trends. It is high time that the theoretical commitments and political stakes in the category of the authoritarian personality are re-evaluated, in light of the evolution of the Frankfurt School. In this paper, I review the classical theories of the authoritarian personality, arguing that two quite different versions of the theory – one characterological, the other psychodynamic – can be extracted from Frankfurt School research.

Allegory at the Limits of Classicism: EUGENIO MONTALE'S LA BUFERA E ALTRO

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-417
Author(s):  
Elias Polizoes
Keyword(s):  
James Joyce ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

This article offers a reading of the “Conclusioni provvisorie,” the last section of Eugenio Montale's La bufera e altro. It takes its lead from notion of Classicism outlined by T.S. Eliot in his 1923 review of Ulysses and argues that the recourse Montale makes to Dante in particular, and to Christian symbolism in general, is structurally akin to the parallel James Joyce draws between Homer's Odyssey and the world of the early 1920s. In Eliot's view, it is by invoking the coherence of ancient myth that a writer can lend shape and significance to the chaos of the modernity. In Montale's case, however, rather than work to organize the chaotic present according to the idealized image of form and order Classicism promises, the structural use the poet makes of Christianity serves a demythologizing function. On the one hand, it exposes how Classicism is unable to marshal the chaos of the present beyond transforming it into a work of art; on the other, it shows that ideas of order are in fact allegories of the kind elaborated by Walter Benjamin, that is to say, provisional, makeshift, and ultimately empty.

Educação e imagem audiovisual: espaço para reflexões, conflitos e convergências / Education and Audio-Visual Image: Space for Reflections, Conflicts and Convergence

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sônia Cristina Soares Dias Vermelho ◽  
Ana Paula Machado Velho ◽  
Regiane Da Silva Macuch
Keyword(s):  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Critical Social Theory ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Pedagogical Strategy ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
Short Films ◽  
Production Experience ◽  
Experience Education

ABSTRACTThe article is the result of research with adolescents where we analyze the audiovisual production experience to understand the content of speech in audiovisual narratives. The hypothesis is that it is possible to use the audiovisual production to mix scientific content and social experience for a formation reflexive criticism. We analyzed 32 short films and we can say that the problems presented in the movies bring the dilemmas and conflicts that society brings adolescents. As experience, education can take ownership of the audiovisual production process as "pedagogical strategy", both to give greater meaning to education, and to "give voice" to these young people. We use the Freudian psychoanalytic theory, critical social theory of the Frankfurt School, in particular Walter Benjamin and Theodor Adorno, and the field of communication theories of Jesus Martin-Barbero and German Rey.RESUMOO artigo é resultado da pesquisa com adolescentes na qual analisamos a experiência de produção audiovisual com objetivo de compreender o conteúdo do discurso nas narrativas audiovisuais. A hipótese de trabalho é de que seja possível utilizar a produção audiovisual como meio para articular conteúdos científicos e experiência social, na perspectiva da formação para a reflexão sobre a sociedade atual. Foram analisados 32 curtas-metragens e é possível indicar que as problemáticas apresentadas nos filmes trazem os dilemas e os conflitos que a sociedade lhe coloca, aliado às questões próprias da adolescên-cia. Do ponto de vista da experiência, vislumbramos a possibilidade da educação se apropriar do processo de produção audio-visual como “estratégia pedagógica” o qual poderá servir, dependendo de um conjunto de fatores, não só para dar maior significado à educação, mas também para dar voz a esses jovens, que possa ser ouvida e considerada pela sociedade. A base teórica para esse trabalho foi a psicanálise freudiana, a teoria social crítica da Escola de Frankfurt, em particular nas obras de Benjamin e Adorno, e no campo da comunicação nas teorias do Jesus Martin-Barbero e German Rey.

8. Marxist theories of international relations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Hobden ◽  
Richard Wyn Jones
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
Occupy Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Prime Determinant

This chapter examines the contribution of Marxism to the study of international relations. It first considers whether globalization is a new phenomenon or a long-standing feature of capitalist development, and whether ‘crisis’ is an inevitable feature of capitalism, and if so, whether capitalism contains the seeds of its own destruction. The chapter proceeds by discussing a number of core features common to Marxist approaches as well as the internationalization of Karl Marx's ideas by Vladimir Lenin and subsequently by writers in the world-system framework. It also explains how Frankfurt School critical theory, and Antonio Gramsci and his various followers, introduced an analysis of culture into Marxist analysis. Two case studies are presented, one relating to neoliberalism in the developing world and the other to the Occupy movement. There is also an Opposing Opinions box that asks whether the global economy is the prime determinant of the character of world politics.

La narrazione della metropoli: Baudelaire, Simmel, Benjamin

2012 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Valeria Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Charles Baudelaire ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The World ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
The Moment

The words of modern narrators help bring to surface the contradictions and conflicts typical of the metropolis, transforming it into a sort of cultural instrument that reads the different languages, images and forms of life that it is defined by. The crisis of perception of space and time, the difficulty of using a language that is able to give meaning, the shattering of personal identity, all make it hard to accumulate experiences and transform them into stories to pass on. The only way to start a relationship with the other and with the world is, as Charles Baudelaire and Walter Benjamin state, the moment of choc, the moment lived and that cannot be transmitted. The urgency is to not become a prisoner of the nostalgia for the past, but to make the irreparable oppositions that affect the metropolis productive.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KRITIS-EMANSIPATORIS (Telaah terhadap Kurikulum dan Metode Pembelajaran)

10.54090/mu.8 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-111
Author(s):  
Yumidiana Tya Nugraheni ◽  
Agus Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Modern Thinking

The modern era is a time of development of the positivism philosophy. Modern world life is based on the paradigm of positivism thinking. The paradigm of positivism thinking believes that all science is mathematical which is characterized by objective, measurable, scientific, rational and universal thinking patterns. These four ways of thinking have brought modern civilization to the triumph of science. On the other side, a civilization based on the modern paradigm experiences various kinds of humanitarian problems. The paradigm of modern thinking is not suitable when it is associated with social problems including the education. Jurgen habermas, a Frankfurt school figure, offers solutions to overcome social problems that cannot be overcome by modern paradigms. Habermas developed a critical theory that had been put forward by the previous generation of Frankfrut figures. The theory he offered was a critical theory of emancipation and a theory of communicative action. Emancipatory critical theory and communicative action theory are able to answer problems in the world of education that cannot be answered by the positivistic thinking paradigm.

scholarly journals “Deeper Than Even the Grain Goes”: Attending to Sound as Pedagogical Practice in Alphonso Lingis’s The Murmur of the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Patrick Howard
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Phenomenological Inquiry ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
The World

This article uses Alphonso Lingis’s essay The Murmur of the World as a catalyst for a phenomenological inquiry into the experience of making room for an articulate world; a world that speaks. A great deal has been written about vision as our primary source of insight and understanding. Visual perception dwarfs the other modalities by which we know the world. In The Murmur of the World, Lingis calls us into the realm of background noise where things hum withactivity, but are rarely noticed. I propose that the soundscape can be lifted out and re-animated, and so, too, our world, with deeper awareness and innovative listening. Drawing on the work ofJane Bennett and Theodor Adorno, I suggest a creative, pedagogical practice may bring forth for us the community of vital, expressive presences in which we are immersed.

A feeling for things: objects, affects, mimesis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Mussell
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Film Theory ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
The Other ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
The World ◽  
Object Oriented Ontology ◽  
Crucial Part

Chapter 3 looks at how an affective politics underpins critical theory’s engagement with the world of objects. The chapter begins by outlining the recent upsurge in theoretical writing on objects/things, especially within the much-hyped field of ‘object-oriented ontology’ or ‘speculative realism’. After drawing attention to the major social and political deficiencies of these contemporary approaches to objects, the chapter offers an account of early critical theory that draws out a more philosophically viable and socio-politically engaged orientation toward the object world. To make the case, the author recovers elements of Siegfried Kracauer’s materialist film theory, before exploring two complementary concepts from Adorno’s work, namely, the preponderance of the object, and mimesis. Offering a staunch critique of Habermas’s rejection of mimesis, the chapter considers critical theory’s emphasis on a political and affective aesthetics as playing a crucial part in how one conceptualizes and experiences objects. As a result, a key distinction is drawn between today’s avowedly post-critical, non-humanist ontologists on one side, and the critical proto-humanism that motivates the early Frankfurt School on the other.

scholarly journals Fragmentation Echoes in Modern Translation Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Rawad Alhashmi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Wall

The paradox of the Tower of Babel and the underlying story behind the confusion of tongues are inextricably intertwined with various linguistic differences across the world. The tool of language, regardless of whether it is a gift of God, or a purely human artifact, or whatever one may choose to believe regarding its origins, is a tool that allows us to communicate with each other, thereby opening the door for dialogue with the ‘Other.’ As the myth of Babel began influencing several scholars in the twentieth century, linguistic theories inevitably elicited great interest among many acclaimed scholars, including Franz Kafka (1883–1924), Walter Benjamin (1892–1940) and Jacques Derrida (1930–2004). To that end, the fragmented mode of languages is a fundamental principle in their discourse on the confusion of tongues. In this article, I argue that Kafka’s writing, particularly the notion of the “piecemeal construction” in “The Great Wall of China,”1 has influenced Benjamin’s theory of translation and echoed Derrida’s respective view thereof.

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