scholarly journals Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Lucia Gariuc ◽  
Alexandru Sandul ◽  
Lupoi Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive ◽  
Systemic Antifungal Therapy

Abstract Invasive fungal rhinosinusitides are a group of disorders with three subtypes (acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis and granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis), requiring urgent diagnosis and early treatment due to the reserved vital and functional prognosis. This disorder occurs in immunocompromised patients, but it can also occur in immunocompetent people. Aspergillus and Mucormicosis species are the most common microorganisms found in invasive fungal rhinosinusites. The otorhinolaryngologic clinical examination and imaging techniques provide important diagnostic information in patients with risk factors for invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, including intracranial or orbital extension identification. The treatment of invasive fungal rhinosinusites (acute or chronic) consists of reversing immunosuppression, appropriate systemic antifungal therapy and aggressive and prompt surgical debridement of the affected tissues.

Fungal diseases of the ear, nose, and throat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunaloke Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Laryngeal Diseases ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive ◽  
Nose And Throat

Fungal infection of the ear (otomycosis), nose (fungal rhinosinusitis), and throat (oropharyngeal candidiasis) are common diseases. Fungal laryngeal diseases and invasive otomycosis & acute fungal rhinosinusitis are much less common and occur in immunosuppressed hosts, including those with diabetes. Aspergillus and Candida spp. are the commonest causes of otomycosis, whilst Aspergillus spp. predominate in sinus disease, with members of the Mucorales also causing serious invasive infections. Management of the non-invasive conditions can be difficult, and otomycosis and rhinosinusitis often become chronic. Invasive disease usually requires surgical intervention along with appropriate antifungal therapy. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis has a mortality of approximately 50%.

scholarly journals Acute versus Chronic Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: A Case-Control Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. IDRT.S9818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patorn Piromchai ◽  
Sanguansak Thanaviratananich
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Sinus Wall ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mucosal Necrosis ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive

Introduction Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is a challenging condition that can be found mostly in immunocompromised patients. Failure to diagnose and treat this entity promptly usually results in rapid progression and death. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical presentation, complication and morbidity in patients with acute versus chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. Setting and design Case-control study at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University between January 1998 and May 2008. Methods The patient's data with the diagnosis of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis was included. Demographic data, underlying diseases, presenting symptoms, histologic sinonasal tissue evaluations, sinonasal tissue cultures, CT scan findings, surgical interventions, morbidity, and mortality were collected. Results Sixty-five patients were diagnosed as invasive fungal rhinosinusitis between January 1998 and May 2008. The data of six patients were unable to obtain. Fifty-nine patients were included in this study. Patients with immunocompromised status have significant greater risk for acute than chronic IFS, OR = 6.5 ( P = 0.004). Patients with mucosal necrosis have the significant higher risk for acute IFS, OR = 5.5 ( P = 0.01). There was no significant difference in orbital complications proportion between acute and chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, OR = 2.42 ( P = 0.15). Sinus wall erosion have found significantly in chronic IFS group, OR = 0.24 ( P = 0.02). The average hospital stayed was 30.58 ± 26.43 days with no difference between groups ( P = 0.50). Fourteen patients in acute IFS group were dead (31.11%) while all patients in chronic IFS group were survived. Conclusions Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis continues to present a challenge to the otolaryngologist. Acute IFS was found most commonly in immunocompromised patients. The most consistent finding of acute IFS was mucosal necrosis and black crust/debris. The CT finding of sinus wall erosion may help in diagnosis of chronic IFS.

scholarly journals Post COVID-19 acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis caused by Scedosporium apiospermum: a covert pathogen

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Sonam Singla ◽  
Vyoma Singh ◽  
Atmaram Bansal ◽  
Jai Prakash Sharma ◽  
Teena Wadhwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Scedosporium Apiospermum ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis

<p class="abstract">Immune dysregulation caused by COVID-19 and the presence of risk factors such as diabetes, steroid therapy and immune-modulatory drugs significantly increase the risk of secondary invasive fungal infections. <em>Scedosporium apiospermum </em>is an emerging pathogen and is rarely reported as a cause of fungal rhinosinusitis. This was a previously unreported case of post COVID-19 acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis caused by <em>S. apiospermum</em> with rare complications of cranial nerve palsies and ruptured mycotic intracranial aneurysm.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of early detection of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in immunocompromised patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana L. C. Silveira ◽  
Wilma T. Anselmo-Lima ◽  
Francesca M. Faria ◽  
Danielle L. C. Queiroz ◽  
Rodrigo L. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis

scholarly journals Fungal Rhinosinusitis: A Retrospective Microbiologic and Pathologic Review of 400 Patients at a Single University Medical Center

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen T. Montone ◽  
Virginia A. Livolsi ◽  
Michael D. Feldman ◽  
James Palmer ◽  
Alexander G. Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Fungus Ball ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive

Fungal Rhinosinusitis (FRS) is a well known entity, but only in more recent times have the types of FRS been more fully defined. In this study, we evaluate the diagnosis of FRS in a single medical center. Cases were divided into 2 main categories, non-invasive and invasive. Non-invasive FRS included fungus ball (FB) and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS). Invasive FRS included acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS), chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CIFRS), and chronic invasive granulomatous fungal rhinosinusitis (CGFRS). Fungal culture data, if available was reviewed. 400 patients with FRS were identified. 87.25% were non-invasive (45% AFRS, 40% FB, and 2% combined AFRS and FB and 12.5% were invasive 11% AIFRS 1.2% CIFRS 0.5% CGFRS. One patient (0.25%) had combined FB/CGFRS.Aspergillus sp.or dematiaceous species were the most common fungi isolated in AFS whileAspergillus sp.was most common in FB and AIFRS. In our experience, most FRS is non-invasive. In our patient population, invasive FRS is rare with AIFRS representing >90% of cases. Culture data supports that a variety of fungal agents are responsible for FRS, butAspergillus sp.appears to be one of the most common organisms in patients with FRS.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 103080
Author(s):  
Wael F. Ismaiel ◽  
Mohamed H. Abdelazim ◽  
Ibrahim Eldsoky ◽  
Ahmed A. Ibrahim ◽  
Mahmoud E. Alsobky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis

scholarly journals Allergen Immunotherapy in an HIV+ Patient with Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Myles ◽  
Satyen Gada
Keyword(s):  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Invasive Fungal Disease ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive

Patients with HIV/AIDS can present with multiple types of fungal rhinosinusitis, fungal balls, granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, acute or chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, or allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS). Given the variable spectrum of immune status and susceptibility to severe infection from opportunistic pathogens it is extremely important that clinicians distinguish aggressive fungal invasive fungal disease from the much milder forms such as AFRS. Here we describe a patient with HIV and AFRS to both remind providers of the importance of ruling out invasive fungal disease and outline the other unique features of fungal sinusitis treatment in the HIV-positive population. Additionally we discuss the evidence for and against use of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for fungal disease in general, as well as the evidence for AIT in the HIV population.

Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: MR imaging features and their impact on prognosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Ra Choi ◽  
Ji-hoon Kim ◽  
Hye Sook Min ◽  
Jae-Kyung Won ◽  
Hyun Jik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis
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