scholarly journals Facial nerve paralysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (39) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Dorin Sarafoleanu ◽  
Andreea Bejenariu
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Early Presentation ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Common Causes

AbstractThe facial nerve, the seventh pair of cranial nerves, has an essential role in non-verbal communication through facial expression. Besides innervating the muscles involved in facial expression, the complex structure of the facial nerve contains sensory fibres involved in the perception of taste and parasympathetic fibres involved in the salivation and tearing processes. Damage to the facial nerve manifested by facial paralysis translates into a decrease or disappearance of mobility of normal facial expression.Facial nerve palsy is one of the common causes of presenting to the Emergency Room. Most facial paralysis are idiopathic, followed by traumatic, infectious, tumor causes. A special place is occupied by the child’s facial paralysis. Due to the multitude of factors that can determine or favour its appearance, it requires a multidisciplinary evaluation consisting of otorhinolaryngologist, neurologist, ophthalmologist, internist.Early presentation to the doctor, accurate determination of the cause, correctly performed topographic diagnosis is the key to proper treatment and complete functional recovery.

Facial Nerve Paralysis Induced by Herpes Simplex Virus in Mice: An Animal Model of Acute and Transient Facial Paralysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Sugita ◽  
Yasuo Fujiwara ◽  
Shingo Murakami ◽  
Yoshinari Hirata ◽  
Naoaki Yanagihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Vacuolar Degeneration ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Simplex Virus

We have been the first to succeed in producing an acute and transient facial paralysis simulating Bell's palsy, by inoculating herpes simplex virus into the auricles or tongues of mice. The KOS strain of the virus was injected into the auricle of 104 mice and the anterior two thirds of the tongue in 30 mice. Facial paralysis developed between 6 and 9 days after virus inoculation, continued for 3 to 7 days, and then recovered spontaneously. The animals were painlessly sacrificed between 6 and 20 days after inoculation for histopathologic and immunocytochemical study. Histopathologically, severe nerve swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration, and vacuolar degeneration were manifested in the affected facial nerve and nuclei. Herpes simplex virus antigens were also detected in the facial nerve, geniculate ganglion, and facial nerve nucleus. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of the facial paralysis are discussed in light of the histopathologic findings, in association with the causation of Bell's palsy.

Facial Nerve Paralysis with Benign Parotid Masses

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 644-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard L. DeLozier ◽  
Martin J. Spinella ◽  
Glenn D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Seventh Nerve ◽  
Rapid Enlargement ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Physical Findings

Facial paralysis in the presence of a parotid mass has been associated classically with a presumed diagnosis of malignancy. However, isolated case reports have documented the occurrence of paresis or paralysis secondary to pathologically benign, nonneurogenic parotid lesions. These previous cases have been reviewed and three additional cases are described. Comparisons are made on age, sex, symptoms, physical findings, pathologic findings, and prognosis. Involvement of the seventh nerve may be explained on the basis of compression, especially in association with local inflammation. Although facial paralysis still should be considered indicative of a malignancy, it also may be caused by benign masses, particularly those associated with rapid enlargement and/or infection.

S236 – Novel Biomarker Use in the Evaluation of Facial Nerve Palsy

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P154-P154
Author(s):  
Carrie Flanagan ◽  
Shaw Gerry ◽  
Rick Odland
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Student’S T

Objectives 1) To determine whether a novel biomarker (hyperphosphorlyated neurofilament-heavy subunit) is able to be quantitated in patients with idiopathic facial nerve paralysis. 2) To determine whether correlation exists between biomarker quantitation and clinical parameters in patients with idiopathic facial nerve paralysis. Methods This is a prospective pilot study that assesses the utility of the serum biomarker hyperphosphorylated neurofilament-heavy subunit protein(NF-H) in evaluating patients with idiopathic facial nerve paralysis. From May 2006 to August 2007, 12 patients that presented to the Emergency, Neurology, and Otolaryngology departments at a county hospital with acute onset unilateral facial paralysis were enrolled into the study. Serum samples at the time of presentation were obtained, and the following additional data was recorded and analyzed: age, sex, severity of paralysis at presentation, duration between time of onset of paralysis and presentation, side of paresis, associated comorbidities, time to recovery, and ancillary testing results. Data analysis was performed using Student's T-test and analysis of variance; linear regression models and correlation coefficients were calculated using Microsoft Excel computer software. Results There was no significant relationship between patient age (r2=0.20), sex (p=0.19), and side of paralysis (p=0.49) and biomarker level. The biomarker level increased with increasing facial paresis severity (p=0.002, r2=0.17), and had a more pronounced correlation when patients presented within the first 24 to 48 hours of paralysis (p=0.006, r2=0.59). There was no correlation between biomarker and prognosis or ancillary testing results. Conclusions Hyperphosphorylated neurofilament-heavy subunit levels correlated with initial severity of facial paralysis, but were time-dependent.

S230 – MRI Findings in Delayed Facial Palsy after Stapedectomy

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P152-P152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Cohen ◽  
Claudia Kirsch ◽  
Abie Mendelsohn ◽  
Akira Ishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objectives 1) To retrospectively review the pathophysiology and radiologic features of delayed facial palsy after stapedectomy. 2) To discuss the management strategy of this unusual problem. Methods 450 stapedectomies performed at our institution were retrospectively reviewed from 1997 to 2007. A total of 2 patients in this series developed a delayed facial paralysis postoperatively. The clinical presentation, radiographic characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the management of these patients are presented. Results A total of 2 patients out of 450 stapedectomies within a 10-year period developed the rare complication of delayed facial paralysis (postoperative days 12 and 41, respectively). Both patients developed rapidly progressive complete facial nerve paralysis preceded by periauricular pain and dysguesia. No sign of infection was present in the operated ear. MRI with gadolinium of the internal auditory canal demonstrated gadolinium enhancement of the labyrinthine portion of the facial nerve as seen in Bell's palsy. Both patients were treated with oral corticosteroids and antiviral medications. Subsequent imaging revealed decreased enhancement of the facial nerve with complete resolution of facial paralysis. Conclusions In the rare complication of delayed facial paralysis after stapedectomy, MR imaging is a useful diagnostic tool to dictate the treatment strategy. Delayed facial paralysis following stapedectomy can be treated medically when the MRI scan demonstrates enhancement of the facial nerve in the labyrinthine segment.

Acute suppurative parotitis and facial paralysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. Pang ◽  
C. H. Raine
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Nerve Paralysis

AbstractA case of facial nerve paralysis secondary to acute suppurative parotitis is described. This is a rare complication in the absence of malignant processes in the parotid.

Hypoglossal-Facial Nerve Anastomosis: A Meta-Analytic Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 542-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sertac Yetiser ◽  
Ugur Karapinar
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Nerve Function ◽  
Facial Nerve Function ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Nerve Anastomosis

Objectives: A meta-analysis was conducted on the outcome of facial nerve function after hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis in humans. The roles of the timing of and the underlying cause for surgery, the type of the repair, and previous facial nerve function in the final result were analyzed. Methods: Articles were identified by means of a PubMed search using the key words “facial-hypoglossal anastomosis,” which yielded 109 articles. The data were pooled from existing literature written in English or French. Twenty-three articles were included in the study after we excluded those that were technical reports, those describing anastomosis to cranial nerves other than the hypoglossal, and those that were experimental animal studies. Articles that reported facial nerve function after surgery and timing of repair were included. Facial nerve function had to be reported according to the House-Brackmann scale. If there was more than 1 article by the same author(s), only the most recent article and those that did not overlap and that matched the above criteria were accepted. The main parameter of interest was the rate of functional recovery of the facial nerve after anastomosis. This parameter was compared among all groups with Pearson's X2 test in the SPSS program for Windows. Statistical significance was set at a p level of less than .05. Results: Analysis of the reports indicates that early repair, before 12 months, provides a better outcome. The severity of facial nerve paralysis does not have a negative effect on prognosis. Gunshot wounds and facial neuroma are the worst conditions for favorable facial nerve recovery after anastomosis. Transection of the hypoglossal nerve inevitably results in ipsilateral tongue paralysis and atrophy. Modification of the anastomosis technique seems to resolve this problem. Nevertheless, the effect of modified techniques on facial reanimation is still unclear, because the facial nerve function results were lacking in these reports. Conclusions: Hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis is an effective and reliable technique that gives consistent and satisfying results.

scholarly journals Rare Presentation of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Zygomycosis: Bilateral Facial Nerve Palsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Mohebbi ◽  
Hesam Jahandideh ◽  
Ali Amini Harandi
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Facial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Healthy Man ◽  
Immunocompromised Individual

Rhino-orbital-cerebral zygomycosis afflicts primarily diabetics and immunocompromised individual, but can also occur in normal hosts rarely. We here presented an interesting case of facial nerve palsy and multiple cold abscesses of neck due to rhino-orbital-cerebral zygomycosis in an otherwise healthy man. Although some reports of facial nerve paralysis in conjunction with rhino-orbital-cerebral zygomycosis exist, no case of bilateral complete facial paralysis has been reported in the literature to date.

scholarly journals Facial nerve paralysis: a clinical study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
Shilpa K. Sudhakaran ◽  
Sagesh Madayambath
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Peripheral Facial Nerve Paralysis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A facial paralysis is one of the most emotionally traumatic deficits a person can experience. It is essential to understand the cause and nature of nerve injury and undertake proper measures for restoration and rehabilitation of facial symmetry. The present study was conducted to evaluate the various aetiologies of lower motor neuron facial paralysis that presented to our department. The aim of the present study is to investigate into the demographic data and etiology associated with peripheral facial nerve paralysis and to assess the site of lesion, severity grade and treatment outcome of peripheral facial nerve paralysis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective longitudinal study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, over a time period of one and a half years from November 2014 to April 2016. All the patients were assessed regarding the time of onset of symptoms, rapidity of progression, duration and completeness of paralysis. Topo diagnostic tests were done to assess the site of lesion and response to treatment monitored.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The most common cause for LMN facial nerve paralysis was external trauma and Bell’s palsy. The mean age group was 37.5 years with a male preponderance. Majority of the lesions were suprageniculate and had a House Brackmann grade IV severity score.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Peripheral facial paralysis showed a good response to treatment and timely intervention would result in a full or partial recovery at the end of a follow up.</p><p align="left"> </p>

scholarly journals Therapeutic approach and recovery options in traumatic caused intratemporal facial paralysis of children

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Veronica EPURE ◽  
◽  
D.C. GHEORGHE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Otologic Surgery ◽  
Surgical Methods

TFacial nerve paralysis is one of the most feared complications of otologic surgery; the surgeon must always be prepared to recognize and solve such lesions if they occur. The authors present 2 clinical cases of intratemporal lesions of the facial nerve; in one of these we performed early neurografting of the facial nerve, in the second one we performed delayed decompression of the nerve. Facial nerve paralysis with early onset after otologic surgery needs timely exploration (via ENoG) and repair – this is always an emergency, the earlier the exploration the better the outcome; there are a variety of surgical methods for facial nerve repair, according to the type of lesion and its duration. Postoperatively the patient should be carefully monitored both clinically and by electromiography. Generally, posttraumatic facial nerve paralysis evolves better in children, compared to adult age.

On the treatment of facial nerve paralysis by ionization through Elton mud

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-515
Author(s):  
A. M. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Electrical Excitability ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Facial paralysis can be divided into three groups on the basis of electrodiagnostic studies. The first group without a rebirth reaction, amenable to healing in 4-6 weeks. The second group of paralysis of the facial nerve gives, from the second week of the disease, according to Waller's law, a qualitative change in the electrical excitability of the muscles and nerve; these cases can be cured no earlier than three, four months, or even longer. The third group of paralysis with a complete rebirth reaction requires long-term treatment, more than a year; complete cure in these cases does not occur

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