scholarly journals Infuence of Selected Pharmaceuticals on Biogas Production in Mesophilic Anaerobic Fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (48) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Kristína Šefčovičová ◽  
Igor Bodík ◽  
Veronika Kvorková ◽  
Juraj Michálek ◽  
Andrey Korshunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors

Abstract This article deals with pharmaceutical compounds as micropollutants in anaerobic digestion of sludge from waste water treatment plant (WWTP). Part of the work included the research into presence of pharmaceuticals in different types of waters. Description of anaerobic fermentation process is also important in terms of optimal conditions. The practical aim of the investigation was preparation of a model of anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge, where influence of pharmaceuticals on mesophilic anaerobic digestion was monitored. Wash out of micropollutants from sludge in big semicontinuous anaerobic reactors was running since October 2013. The resulting non-adapted sludge from mesophilic reactor was used since March 2014 for pharmaceuticals tests in half-a-litre glass bottles with a septum cap. The compounds of interest were diclofenac, tramadol, ibuprofen, carbamazepine and amoxicillin and their concentration in the tested sludge was 10 μg/L and 500 μg/L. The results showed that pharmaceuticals have different influence on the amount of produced biogas even if they are from the same therapeutic group. In the low concentration, the inhibition was present for diclofenac, carbamazepine and amoxicillin, at the high concentration, while diclofenac showed almost no influence. Other compounds caused a stimulative effect on the process. The mixture of all pharmaceuticals of interest in low concentration was stimulative at first, while it was inhibotory since mid-time of the test.

scholarly journals New mixtures and technologies for biogas production at biogas plants of agricultural type processing livestock slurry

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kára ◽  
Z. Pastorek ◽  
J. Mazancová ◽  
I. Hanzlíková
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sludge

The basis of the biogas production in agriculture is the processing of waste agricultural products (particularly excrements of farm animals but also phytomass). Different but rather similar is the biogas production from biologically degradable municipal waste (BDMW) and biologically degradable industrial waste (BDIW) coming mainly from food industry. The processing of these wastes in agricultural biogas stations could significantly improve their economy. It is necessary to note that all these biogas stations differ from the wastewater cleaning plants where municipal sludge water from public sewers is processed. The municipal sludge water processing to biogas by anaerobic fermentation is a classical technology introduced all over the world. At present, about 100 wastewater cleaning plants operate in the Czech Republic using regular sludge processing into biogas. Electricity produced is utilised mainly for the needs of own operation of waste water treatment plant (WWTP), partly it is sold into public power net. The heat energy is used for heating in the process and its surplus is utilised for operational and administrative facilities. Usually, the heat and electricity quantities produced do not cover the wastewater cleaning plant operation. Agricultural biogas stations and biogas stations for BDMW processing provide considerably higher gas yields because they work with higher dry matter contents in substratum, i.e. 8–12% (compared with waste water treatment plants – 2–6%), and are able to produce high gas surpluses for following applications. Frequently discussed issue are the processing of slaughter waste and grass (or public green areas at biogas stations).

scholarly journals CONSIDERATIONS ON RECYCLING POSSIBILITIES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTES BY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION TREATMENT

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria V. Morar
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Processing

In our country, the developments of the measures for the prevention of the environmental pollution are aligning to the UE Directives. The costs for the treatment of the water wastes are continuously increasing, following to the also increasing of the investments costs. Therefore it is necessary to accord attention for the alternatives of cleaning, treating, respective recycling of the agro-industrial wastes and their reintroduction in the natural circuit. At the processing of the food results wastes with high organic charge. The effluents form the processing of dairy products, sugar, starch, beer yeasts as well as breweries or distilleries are getting fast into acids fermentation, finally resulting organic acids. Such process water wastes can be released in the canalization by dilution or by a suitable treating. As an example, for the distillery wastes (distillery slops) with a high dry matter contents (4-20%), the waste water treatment plant shall be designed properly (with mechanical separation step and biological treatment) to ensure the capacity of purifying according to the high flow and increased concentration, due to the high CBOD5 concentration. The treatment of such water wastes can be realized with aerobic processes, which suppose a high energetic consumption. While in the aerobic purifying processes 50 % of the CBOD5 is involved in the forming of biomass and slurry in excess, in the anaerobic treatment processes (anaerobic or methane digestion) a high part of the substrate (until 70 %) is metabolized through the metabolic transformation of bacterial flora, with production of biogas. Therefore, the concentrated water wastes, with potential for the energy production could offer a possibility of energy replacement in the own processing units. The paper presents a review of the anaerobic digestion for different wastes from the agro-industrial processing and their potential for the biogas production. There are presented possibilities of mixture, respectively of co-digestion of different wastes the agro-industrial processing with other wastes from the agriculture (from cereals processing, biomass, manure etc). Simultaneously biogas plants from the praxis with functioning characteristics are presented.

Evaluation by Kinetic Models of Anaerobe Digestion Performances for Various Substrates and Co-substrates

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2614-2617
Author(s):  
Adrian Eugen Cioabla ◽  
Gabriela Alina Dumitrel ◽  
Ioana Ionel
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

Anaerobic digestion is a complex process that allows the conversion of organic wastes into biogas with minimal costs and benefits for the environment. The goal of this study is to evaluate the anaerobic digestion potential of two common agricultural biomass wastes (degraded corn and degraded wheat) used as single substrates or as co-substrates together with wastewater from a waste water treatment plant. The results reveal that the co-digestion is an improved solution, both in terms of biogas amount produced and its methane concentration. Two kinetic models (modified Gompertz model and logistical growth model) were applied to study the methane production. For each case, the kinetic parameters were estimated. One demonstrates that the modified Gompertz model fitted very well the measured methane potential, for all studied cases.

Anaerobic digestion of aliphatic polyesters

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2386-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Šmejkalová ◽  
Veronika Kužníková ◽  
Jan Merna ◽  
Soňa Hermanová
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Aliphatic Polyesters ◽  
Biogas Yield

Anaerobic processes for the treatment of plastic materials waste represent versatile and effective approach in environmental protection and solid waste management. In this work, anaerobic biodegradability of model aliphatic polyesters, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA), and poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), in the form of powder and melt-pressed films with varying molar mass, was studied. Biogas production was explored in batch laboratory trials at 55 ± 1°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. The inoculum used was thermophilic digested sludge (total solids concentration of 2.9%) from operating digesters at the Central Waste Water Treatment Plant in Prague, Czech Republic. Methanogenic biodegradation of PCLs typically yielded from 54 to 60% of the theoretical biogas yield. The biodegradability of PLAs achieved from 56 to 84% of the theoretical value. High biogas yield (up to 677 mL/g TS) with high methane content (more than 60%), comparable with conventionally processed materials, confirmed the potential of polyester samples for anaerobic treatment in the case of their exploitation in agriculture or as a packaging material in the food industry.

Wet Air Oxidation of Municipal Sludge: Return Experience of the North Brussels Waste Water Treatment Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chauzy ◽  
JC. Martin ◽  
D. Cretenot ◽  
JP Rosiere
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The North ◽  
Solids Content

For large cities which cannot afford to sustain land disposal of sludge, Wet Air Oxidation appears to be an interesting option, perceived as environmentally friendly to a public opinion some times reluctant toward conventional incineration. However, due to significant investment costs, it is relevant to reduce upstream the amount of sludge by anaerobic digestion. This paper presents the North Brussels WWTP (1.1 Million pe), which was started-up in 2006. The sludge treatment consists of thermal hydrolysis of dewatered sludge followed by high load mesophilic anaerobic digestion and Wet Air Oxidation. The Wet Air Oxidation final product is then dewatered and dried to over 90% solids content, prior to being disposed as a cover product for landfills.

Sewage Sludge to Energy - A Simulation Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Schausberger ◽  
Anton Friedl
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant

Abstract The global shortage of resources and the intention to reduce CO2 emissions from fossil sources has triggered new approaches in the wastewater industry. Better ways are sought for to manage sewage sludge and to exploit its value as a secondary resource. However, we see a lack of tools to assess the appropriate treatment strategy which leads to imperfect process choices and designs. Here we present (a) a modeling approach and a simulation tool that allows the systematic evaluation of different sewage sludge treatment options and (b) a test case study for a mid-sized waste water treatment plant. The sludge model is discussed and tested for consistency with alternative approaches. In the case study, the direct conversion to electricity in a Rankine cycle is shown to be superior to biogas production or dried sludge export based on an energy cost analysis. The development presented is believed to enable more efficient waste-to-energy conversion and to contribute to sustainable resource management.

DESIGN PLANNING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT OF NATA DE COCO INDUSTRY WITH THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinda Rita K. Hartaja ◽  
Imam Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
High Level

Generally, wastewater of nata de coco industry contains suspended solids and COD were high, ranging from 90,000 mg / l. The high level of of the wastewater pollutants, resulting in nata de coco industry can not be directly disposed of its wastewater into the environment agency. Appropriate technology required in order to process the waste water so that the treated water can meet the environmental quality standards that are allowed. Designing the waste water treatment plant that is suitable and efficient for treating industrial wastewater nata de coco is the activated sludge process. Wastewater treatment using activated sludge process of conventional (standard) generally consists of initial sedimentation, aeration and final sedimentation.Keywords : Activated Sludge, Design, IPAL

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