Wettability of polypropylene capillary membranes during the membrane distillation process

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gryta
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Lower Wall ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Capillary Membranes

AbstractStudies of membrane wettability in the membrane distillation process were performed with the application of hydrophobic capillary membranes made of polypropylene. Three kinds of Accurel PP membranes (Membrana GmbH, Germany) differing in the diameter of capillaries and pores as well as in the wall thickness were used. It was confirmed that membranes with lower wall thickness and larger pore size provide higher yields of the process. The studies demonstrated that the pores of used membranes located close to the external surface of capillaries are several times larger than those located inside the membrane wall. Based on air permeability measurements it was found that external surface of the membranes with such large pores was completely wetted by water after 50–80 h of membrane distillation. However, the pores located inside the wall with the diameter below 1 μm were not wetted and electrical conductivity of the obtained distillate was maintained at the level of 3–6 μS cm−1.

scholarly journals The Application of Submerged Modules for Membrane Distillation

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Gryta
Keyword(s):  
Packing Density ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Capillary Diameter ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Feed Tank ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Capillary Membranes ◽  
Module Performance

This paper deals with the efficiency of capillary modules without an external housing, which were used as submerged modules in the membrane distillation process. The commercial hydrophobic capillary membranes fabricated for the microfiltration process were applied. Several constructional variants of submerged modules were discussed. The influence of membrane arrangement, packing density, capillary diameter and length on the module performance was determined. The effect of process conditions, i.e., velocity and temperature of the streams, on the permeate flux was also evaluated. The submerged modules were located in the feed tank or in the distillate tank. It was found that much higher values of the permeate flux were obtained when the membranes were immersed in the feed with the distillate flowing inside the capillary membranes. The efficiency of submerged modules was additionally compared with the conventional membrane distillation (MD) capillary modules and a similar performance of both constructions was achieved.

scholarly journals Membrane Distillation Process

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Alessandra Criscuoli
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Distillation Process

The water stress that we have been experiencing in the last few years is driving the development of new technologies for the purification and recovery of water [...]

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Si Composite with Hollow Carbon Microtubes by the Carbonization of Milkweed from Nature as Anode Template for Lithium Ion Batteries

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5124
Author(s):  
Eun Hyuk Chung ◽  
Jong Pil Kim ◽  
Hyun Gyu Kim ◽  
Jae-Min Chung ◽  
Sei-Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Pore Size Analysis ◽  
Hollow Carbon

It has been reported that improving electrical conductivity and maintaining stable structure during discharge/charge process are challenge for Si to be used as an anode for lithium ion batteries (LIB). To address this problem, milkweed (MW) was carbonized to prepare hollow carbon microtubes (HCMT) derived from biomass as an anode template for LIB. In order to improve electrical conductivity, various materials such as chitosan (CTS), agarose, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are used as carbon source (C1, C2, and C3) by carbonization. Carbon coated HCMT@Si composits, HCMT@Si@C1, HCMT@Si@C1@C2, and HCMT@Si@C1@C3, have been successfully synthesized. Changes in structure and crystallinity of HCMT@Si composites were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Specific surface area for samples was calculated by using BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Also, pore size and particle size were obtained by particle and pore size analysis system. The surface morphology was evaluated using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Field Emission transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thermal properties of HCMT@Si composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Our research was performed to study the synthesis and electrochemical performance of Si composite with HCMT by the carbonization of natural micro hollow milkweed to form an inner space. After carbonization at 900 °C for 2 h in N2 flow, inner diameter of HCMT obtained was about 10 μm. The electrochemical tests indicate that HCMT@Si@C1@C3 exhibits discharge capacity of 932.18 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g after 100 cycles.

Amphiphobic electrospun PTFE nanofibrous membranes for robust membrane distillation process

2022 ◽  
Vol 641 ◽  
pp. 119876
Author(s):  
Mengdi Xu ◽  
Jinxue Cheng ◽  
Xiongfei Du ◽  
Qiang Guo ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes

scholarly journals Development of Needle-Punched Nonwoven Fabrics from Reclaimed Fibers for Air Filtration Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sakthivel ◽  
Anban J.J. Ezhil ◽  
T. Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics

This paper reports an investigative study on the fabrication and measurement of the air permeability, mechanical properties, pore size distribution, and filtration efficiency of different nonwoven fabrics produced from reclaimed fibers by analytically changing the machine variables to manipulate the physical parameters of the nonwoven fabrics. Reclaimed fiber of cotton (60%) and polyester (40%) blend was used, so that the prospect of value addition to an inexpensive source of raw material could be explored. The changes in air permeability were interpreted in terms of fabric density profile and pore size distribution. The filtration parameters of filtration efficiency, dust holding capacity, and pressure drop were also calculated. Additionally, the effects of calendering on pore size and filtration properties were evaluated to discover the opportunity of fine-tuning and the performance of the filters. The outcome in this study reflected an overall development in all filtration characteristics due to the calendering operation.

The Effects of Processing Parameter on Melt-Blown Filtration Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yan Xu ◽  
Yin Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Breaking Force ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Web Structure

The preparation of melt-blown filtration materials was studied in this paper. The effects of collection distance, screw speed, air temperature on web structure and properties were discussed, and moreover, fiber diameter, thickness, surface density, pore size, air permeability and breaking force of PP nonwoven fabrics were characterized in this paper.

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