Evaluation and indirect estimation of nitrate losses from the agricultural microbasin Rybárik

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Sebíň ◽  
Pavla Pekárová ◽  
Pavol Miklánek
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Nitrate Losses ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Annual Amount

AbstractThe long-term trends of mean monthly nitrate concentrations in stream and drainage runoff were evaluated in the experimental microbasin Rybárik (0.119 km2) at the Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, during the period 1987–2005. The results of analyses indicate a decreasing trend of nitrate concentration after the year 1989, but with relatively high losses in some years and relatively low losses in other years. This decreasing trend is mainly caused by a decrease in the use of nitrogen fertilizers. The nitrate concentration in surface runoff strongly correlates with runoff and fertilization. Based on measured data, an empirical relation was found describing the dependence of annual nitrate transport in the stream on annual runoff depth and on the annual amount of applied nitrogen fertilizers.

scholarly journals Joint Variability of Global Runoff and Global Sea Surface Temperatures

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. McCabe ◽  
David M. Wolock
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Modes Of Variability ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Long Term Trends

Abstract Global land surface runoff and sea surface temperatures (SST) are analyzed to identify the primary modes of variability of these hydroclimatic data for the period 1905–2002. A monthly water-balance model first is used with global monthly temperature and precipitation data to compute time series of annual gridded runoff for the analysis period. The annual runoff time series data are combined with gridded annual sea surface temperature data, and the combined dataset is subjected to a principal components analysis (PCA) to identify the primary modes of variability. The first three components from the PCA explain 29% of the total variability in the combined runoff/SST dataset. The first component explains 15% of the total variance and primarily represents long-term trends in the data. The long-term trends in SSTs are evident as warming in all of the oceans. The associated long-term trends in runoff suggest increasing flows for parts of North America, South America, Eurasia, and Australia; decreasing runoff is most notable in western Africa. The second principal component explains 9% of the total variance and reflects variability of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its associated influence on global annual runoff patterns. The third component explains 5% of the total variance and indicates a response of global annual runoff to variability in North Atlantic SSTs. The association between runoff and North Atlantic SSTs may explain an apparent steplike change in runoff that occurred around 1970 for a number of continental regions.

The potential effects of anthropogenic climate change on evaporation from water storage reservoirs within the Lockyer Catchment, south-east Queensland, Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan McGloin ◽  
Hamish McGowan ◽  
David McJannet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Storage Reservoirs ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Term Trends

In order to effectively manage water storage reservoirs, it is essential to be able to anticipate how components of the water balance will react to predicted long-term trends in climate. This study examines the potential impacts of anthropogenic climate change on evaporation from small reservoirs in the Lockyer catchment, a productive agricultural region in south-east Queensland, Australia. Future projections of evaporation, made using the most likely future emissions scenario, suggested that evaporation is expected to increase by ~6% by the year 2050. In addition, rainfall is expected to decrease by ~8%. These projected increases in evaporation and reductions in rainfall, combined with the knowledge that changes in annual rainfall are known to be amplified in annual runoff, mean that the availability of water resources in the Lockyer catchment region may be greatly diminished in the future. In addition, increases in water scarcity, combined with higher future air temperatures and population growth, are likely to result in a greater demand for irrigation in the future.

Commercial trawling in seagrass beds: bycatch and long-term trends in effort of a major shrimp fishery

2014 ◽  
Vol 513 ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
CD Stallings ◽  
JP Brower ◽  
JM Heinlein Loch ◽  
A Mickle
Keyword(s):  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Shrimp Fishery ◽  
Long Term Trends
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