Passive infrared detector used for detection of very slowly moving of crawling people

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kastek ◽  
T. Sosnowski ◽  
T. Piątkowski
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Infrared Detector ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
New Method ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Ir Detectors ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Efficient Detection

AbstractThe paper presents construction and principle of operation of passive IR detectors (PIR detectors) of a large detection range. Important virtue of these detectors is highly efficient detection of slowly moving or crawling people. The described here PIR detector detects crawling people at the distance of 140 m. To ensure high probability of detection of slowly moving objects, new method of signals analysis was applied. On the basis of the carried out real-time measurements, both probability of detection and false alarms were determined.

scholarly journals Detection of signals of moving objects based on the time selection method

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
V. M. Artemiev ◽  
S. M. Kostromitsky ◽  
A. O. Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Moving Objects ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Detection Of Signals ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Time Selection

To increase the efficiency of detecting moving objects in radiolocation, additional features are used, associated with the characteristics of trajectories. The authors assumed that trajectories are correlated, that allows extrapolation of the coordinate values taking into account their increments over the scanning period. The detection procedure consists of two stages. At the first, detection is carried out by the classical threshold method with a low threshold level, which provides a high probability of detection with high values of the probability of false alarms. At the same time uncertainty in the selection of object trajectory embedded in false trajectories arises. Due to the statistical independence of the coordinates of the false trajectories in comparison with the correlated coordinates of the object, the average duration of the first of them is less than the average duration of the second ones. This difference is used to solve the detection problem at the second stage based on the time-selection method. The obtained results allow estimation of the degree of gain in the probability of detection when using the proposed method.

scholarly journals Detection of water quality failure events at treatment works using a hybrid two-stage method with CUSUM and random forest algorithms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Riss ◽  
Michele Romano ◽  
Fayyaz Ali Memon ◽  
Zoran Kapelan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
New Method ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Quality Signals

Abstract Near real-time event detection is crucial for water utilities to be able to detect failure events in their water treatment works (WTW) quickly and efficiently. This paper presents a new method for an automated, near real-time recognition of failure events at WTWs by the application of combined statistical process control and machine learning techniques. The resulting novel hybrid CUSUM event recognition system (HC-ERS) uses two distinct detection methodologies: one for fault detection at the level of individual water quality signals and the second for the recognition of faulty processes at the WTW level. HC-ERS was tested and validated on historical failure events at a real-life UK WTW. The new methodology proved to be effective in the detection of failure events, achieving a high true detection rate of 82% combined with a low false alarm rate (average 0.3 false alarms per week), reaching a peak F1 score of 84% as measure of accuracy. The new method also demonstrated higher accuracy compared to the CANARY detection methodology. When applied to real-world data, the HC-ERS method showed the capability to detect faulty processes at WTW automatically and reliably, and hence potential for practical application in the water industry.

Polycrystalline lead selenide: the resurgence of an old infrared detector

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vergara ◽  
M. Montojo ◽  
M. Torquemada ◽  
M. Rodrigo ◽  
F. Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Infrared Detector ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
New Method ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Ir Detectors ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ir Detection ◽  
Areas Of Interest

AbstractThe existing technology for uncooled MWIR photon detectors based on polycrystalline lead salts is stigmatized for being a 50-year-old technology. It has been traditionally relegated to single-element detectors and relatively small linear arrays due to the limitations imposed by its standard manufacture process based on a chemical bath deposition technique (CBD) developed more than 40 years ago. Recently, an innovative method for processing detectors, based on a vapour phase deposition (VPD) technique, has allowed manufacturing the first 2D array of polycrystalline PbSe with good electro optical characteristics. The new method of processing PbSe is an all silicon technology and it is compatible with standard CMOS circuitry. In addition to its affordability, VPD PbSe constitutes a perfect candidate to fill the existing gap in the photonic and uncooled IR imaging detectors sensitive to the MWIR photons. The perspectives opened are numerous and very important, converting the old PbSe detector in a serious alternative to others uncooled technologies in the low cost IR detection market. The number of potential applications is huge, some of them with high commercial impact such as personal IR imagers, enhanced vision systems for automotive applications and other not less important in the security/defence domain such as sensors for active protection systems (APS) or low cost seekers.Despite the fact, unanimously accepted, that uncooled will dominate the majority of the future IR detection applications, today, thermal detectors are the unique plausible alternative. There is plenty of room for photonic uncooled and complementary alternatives are needed. This work allocates polycrystalline PbSe in the current panorama of the uncooled IR detectors, underlining its potentiality in two areas of interest, i.e., very low cost imaging IR detectors and MWIR fast uncooled detectors for security and defence applications. The new method of processing again converts PbSe into an emerging technology.

Using Near-Ground Storm Relative Helicity in Supercell Tornado Forecasting

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1417-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice E. Coffer ◽  
Matthew D. Parker ◽  
Richard L. Thompson ◽  
Bryan T. Smith ◽  
Ryan E. Jewell
Keyword(s):  
High Probability ◽  
Wind Profile ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Forecast Skill ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Environmental Indicator ◽  
Forecast Verification ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Effective Layer

Abstract This study examines the possibility that supercell tornado forecasts could be improved by utilizing the storm-relative helicity (SRH) in the lowest few hundred meters of the atmosphere (instead of much deeper layers). This hypothesis emerges from a growing body of literature linking the near-ground wind profile to the organization of the low-level mesocyclone and thus the probability of tornadogenesis. This study further addresses the ramifications of near-ground SRH to the skill of the significant tornado parameter (STP), which is probably the most commonly used environmental indicator for tornadic thunderstorms. Using a sample of 20 194 severe, right-moving supercells spanning a 13-yr period, sounding-derived parameters were compared using forecast verification metrics, emphasizing a high probability of detection for tornadic supercells while minimizing false alarms. This climatology reveals that the kinematic components of environmental profiles are more skillful at discriminating significantly tornadic supercells from severe, nontornadic supercells than the thermodynamic components. The effective-layer SRH has by far the greatest forecast skill among the components of the STP, as it is currently defined. However, using progressively shallower layers for the SRH calculation leads to increasing forecast skill. Replacing the effective-layer SRH with the 0–500 m AGL SRH in the formulation of STP increases the number of correctly predicted events by 8% and decreases the number of missed events and false alarms by 18%. These results provide promising evidence that forecast parameters can still be improved through increased understanding of the environmental controls on the processes that govern tornado formation.

scholarly journals Analysis and improvement of methods for detecting shellcodes in computer systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (92) ◽  
pp. 103-122
Author(s):  
Victor V. Erokhin ◽  
◽  
Larisa S. Pritchina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Code Generation ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Number Of False Alarms ◽  
System Service ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Dynamic Program Analysis

The article discusses the problem of detecting and filtering shellcode – malicious executable code that contributes to the emergence of vulnerabilities in the operation of software applications with memory. The main such vulnerabilities are stack overflow, database overflow, and some other operating system service procedures. Currently, there are several dozen shellcode detection systems using both static and dynamic program analysis. Monitoring of existing systems has shown that methods with low computational complexity are characterized by a large percentage of false positives. Moreover, methods with a low percentage of false alarms are characterized by increased computational complexity. However, none of the currently existing solutions is able to detect all existing classes of shellcodes. This makes existing shellcode detection systems weakly applicable to real network links. Thus, the article discusses the problem of analyzing shellcode detection systems that provide complete detection of existing classes of shellcodes and are characterized by acceptable computational complexity and a small number of false alarms. This article introduces shellcode classifications and a comprehensive method of detecting them based on code emulation. This approach expands the detection range of shellcode classes that can be detected by concurrently evaluating several heuristics that correspond to low-level CPU operations during execution of various shellcode classes. The presented method allows efficient detection of simple and metamorphic shellcode. This is achieved regardless of the use of self-modifying code or dynamic code generation on which existing emulation-based polymorphic shellcode detectors are based.

Real-Time Moving Objects Tracking for Distributed Smart Video Surveillances

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Nor Nadirah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Yasir Mohd Mustafah ◽  
Amelia Wong Azman ◽  
Amir Akramin Shafie ◽  
Muhammad Izad Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Objects Tracking

scholarly journals Simple, cost-effective technique for portable digital eletrocorticography

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (2B) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULO R. M. DE BITTENCOURT ◽  
MARCOS C. SANDMANN ◽  
MARLUS S. MORO ◽  
JOÃO C. DE ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Method ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Seizure Disorders ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Cost Effective Technique

We revised 16 patients submitted to epilepsy surgery using a new method of digital, real-time, portable electrocorticography. Patients were operated upon over a period of 28 months. There were no complications. The exam was useful in 13 cases. The low installation and operational costs, the reliability and simplicity of the method, indicate it may be useful for defining the epileptogenic regions in a variety of circumnstances, including surgery for tumors, vascular malformations, and other cortical lesions associated with seizure disorders.

A novel real-time analyzer for moving objects on freeway

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyh Chen ◽  
Jin-Tu Huang ◽  
Hsing-Chin Yeh ◽  
Chean-Mean Chen ◽  
Yen-Tseng Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Time Analyzer

The Study and Application of the Nitrile Gloves’ Production Line’s Online Measurement

2015 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 804-808
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Cai ◽  
Jian Bing Han ◽  
Su Qin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Mold Temperature ◽  
Configuration Software ◽  
Online Measurement ◽  
Line Process ◽  
Tracking Technology

In order to solve the problem of the hand module’s online temperature measurement in Nitrile glove production line process, we have developed a set of moving objects or device used for online temperature measurement. The device is mounted infrared temperature sensor, by using PLC-controlled synchronous tracking technology it can track the hand module in the production line, so it can ensure the infrared temperature sensor and hand module synchronously measure its temperature correctly. By using configuration software kingview, we have developed mold temperature monitoring online measurement interface, real-time monitoring of the mold temperature opponents. After analysis of experimental results we concluded that the device work stable, acquisition of temperature reliably, so it has a promotional value.

A Practical Real-Time Fourier Transform Infrared Detector for Liquid Chromatography

1978 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Warren Vidrine ◽  
David R. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Infrared Detector ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Paraffin Oil ◽  
Chromatographic Detection ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
System Capability

A practical Fourier transform infrared system for real-time liquid chromatographic detection is described. Simple flowcell detection with automatic solvent subtraction is used, and detection of 500 ng of injected paraffin oil is demonstrated. Results from several chromatographic runs illustrate the system capability to serve as a real time infrared detector and simultaneously acquire infrared spectra.

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