scholarly journals Growth and characterization of hexamethylenetetramine crystals grown from solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Babu ◽  
J. Chandrasekaran ◽  
S. Balaprabhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Powder Xrd ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Single Crystal Xrd ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractOrganic nonlinear optical single crystals of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT; 10 × 10 × 5 mm3) were prepared by crystallization from methanol solution. The grown crystals were subjected to various characterization techniques such as single crystal XRD, powder XRD, UV-Vis and electrical studies. Single crystal XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the grown crystals. Their crystalline nature was also confirmed by powder XRD technique. The optical transmittance property was identified from UV-Vis spectrum. Dielectric measurements were performed as a function of frequency at different temperatures. DC conductivity and photoconductivity studies were also carried out for the crystal. The powder second harmonic generation efficiency (SHG) of the crystal was measured using Nd:YAG laser and the efficiency was found to be two times greater than that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP).

INVESTIGATION ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL SINGLE CRYSTAL: 2-NAPHTHALENOL

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227
Author(s):  
K. SELVARAJU ◽  
K. KIRUBAVATHI ◽  
S. KUMARARAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen

Single crystals of 2-Naphthalenol (2N), new organic nonlinear optical (NLO) material, have been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The crystal system has been confirmed from the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The functional groups were identified using FTIR spectroscopy. UV-vis-NIR spectrum showed absence of absorption in the wavelength region 400–1400 nm. The second harmonic generation efficiency is two times higher than that of standard potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP).

Synthesis, crystal growth, characterization and DFT investigation of a nonlinear optically active cuminaldehyde derivative hydrazone

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatasamy Meenatchi ◽  
Subramanian Siva ◽  
SP Meenakshisundaram ◽  
Liang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
X Ray

Single crystals of (E)-N′-(4-isopropylbenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide monohydrate (IBIHM) were grown from ethanol by the slow evaporation from solution growth technique at room temperature. The structure was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and crystallized in the orthorhombic system with noncentrosymmetric space group P212121. Optical studies reveal that the absorption was minimum in the visible region and the band-gap energy was estimated using the Kubelka–Munk algorithm. The functional groups were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis. A scanning electron microscopy study revealed the surface morphology of the grown crystal. Investigation of the intermolecular interactions, crystal packing using Hirshfeld surface analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirm that the close contacts were associated with molecular interactions. Fingerprint plots of Hirshfeld surfaces are used to locate and analyze the percentage of hydrogen-bonding interactions. The second-harmonic generation efficiency of the grown specimen was superior to that of the reference material, potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The grown crystals were further characterized by mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Theoretical studies using density functional theory (DFT) greatly substantiated the experimental observations. Large first-order molecular hyperpolarizability (β) of about ∼70× was observed for IBIHM. The efficiency of IBIHM in terms of nonlinear optical response was verified and the molecule displayed greater chemical stability and reactivity.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Growth and Characterization of New Promising Organic Non-Linear Optical Crystal: L-Alanine Alaninium Nitrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1661-1666
Author(s):  
G. Krishnamoorthi ◽  
R. Uvarani
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic Generation ◽  
Harmonic Generation ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dielectric Study ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Induced Defects

A relative study on pure L-alanine alaninium nitrate (LAAN) single crystals and doped with lanthanum oxide, urea and glycine were developed from fluid solution by slow evaporation strategy at room temperature. X-ray diffraction result reveals that LAAN crystallites with system with space bunch P21 and cell parameters a = 7.836 Å, b = 5.428 Å, c = 12.809 Å and β = 94.25°. These parameters were marginally changes for doped crystals compared to pure LAAN crystal. The UV results recommend that the great transmission property of the doped LAAN crystal within the whole visible region guarantees its reasonableness for second harmonic generation applications. The presence of dopants within the LAAN crystal was further affirmed through ICP studies. The functional groups were analyzed through Fourier change infrared spectra investigation. The microhardness and dielectric study at 100 Hz was found to be broadly higher than that of pristine LAAN. The AC conductivity was found to extend after doping due to the induced defects in crystal lattice. The grown crystals were also subjected to second harmonic generation efficiency tests and it was found to be La2O3 doped LAAN crystal is 2.8 times greater than that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP).

SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION, THERMAL AND OPTICAL STUDY OF POTASSIUM IODIDE DOPED L-THREONINE SINGLE CRYSTAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 1350031 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRATIK M. WANKHADE ◽  
GAJANAN G. MULEY
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic Generation ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Harmonic Generation ◽  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Generation Efficiency ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure

Potassium iodide doped L-threonine (LTPI) single crystal with improved second harmonic generation efficiency, thermal stability and optical transmission was grown by low temperature solution growth method from aqueous solution. The grown crystal has 1.22 times second harmonic generation efficiency compared to the standard potassium dihydrogen phosphate. LTPI has a high optical transparency over a wide spectral range 245–1083 nm and lower cut-off at around 219 nm. LTPI crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal structure with space group P212121. It is thermally stable up to 238°C. In this paper, the photoluminescence study, FT-IR spectroscopic study and elemental analysis have been presented.

scholarly journals Examination on Bulk Growth, Thermal, Mechanical, Dielectric, and Optical Properties of Li2na3 (So4)2 Single Crystal for Optoelectronic Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 917-920
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Grown Crystal ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Cutoff Wavelength ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Ability ◽  
Dielectric And Optical Properties ◽  
Growth Feature

Nonlinear optical lithium sodium sulphate hexahydrate (LSS) crystal of 17 mm x 14 mm x 12 mm dimension was harvested by temperature reducing method. The single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction investigation studies reveal the crystal system and crystalline characters of grown LSS crystal. The FT-IR spectrum of LSS crystal was recorded to confirm its functional constituents present in the synthesized compound. Mechanical ability of the grown LSS crystal was studied by Vicker’s hardness method. The etching pattern was recorded to identify the growth feature of the grown crystal. The parameters of dielectric constant and dielectric loss were calculated for the grown crystal. Thermal analysis was carried out on the crystal by employing thermogravimetric method. The cutoff wavelength and optical transmittance character and second harmonic generation efficiency of the LSS crystal were done by UV-Visible and Kurtz-Perry studies respectively.

Effect of Rare Earth Doped Elements and Characterization of LaF3:Ln3+ (Ln3+= Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+) Nanocrystals

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Gaurkhede ◽  
M.M. Khandpekar ◽  
S.P. Pati ◽  
A.T. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
20 Nm

Abstract. LaF3 nanocrystals doped with lanthanides like Ce3+, Pr3+ and Nd3+ have been prepared using microwave technique. These synthesized crystals have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Well dispersed, elongated, nanorods of hexagonal geometry (approximately 20nm in size) have been found in TEM analysis. The average particle size estimated from XRD analysis is about 20 nm and is in close agreement with the TEM results. Four characteristic peaks one at 3434 cm-1 (broad) and other at 2924, 2853, 1632 cm-1(sharp) have been observed in the FTIR spectra. Intense Blue colour (458 nm) emission has been recorded when crystals are excited with photons of wavelength 254 nm. Non Linear Optical (NLO) properties of the synthesized nanocrystals have been studied. It has been found that second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the prepared samples containing rare earth elements is less than pure Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals.

scholarly journals Growth, Structural, Spectral, Thermal, Optical, Second and Third Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Imidazolium Hydrogen Squarate (IHS) Single Crystal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1954-1965
Author(s):  
P. Gayathri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Grown Crystal ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Powder Xrd ◽  
Cutoff Wavelength ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Monoclinic System ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
X Ray

Abstract: Imidazolium hydrogen squarate (IHS) crystal has been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The lattice parameters of grown crystal were determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction data and compared with powder XRD. Single crystal XRD shows that the crystal crystallizes in monoclinic system with noncentrosymmetric space group Pc. The crystallinity of the grown crystal was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. FT-IR and FT-RAMAN analyses qualitatively confirm the various functional groups present in the grown crystal. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded to establish the molecular structure. Thermal properties of title crystal were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectrum was recorded to find the band width of optical transmittance window and the lower cutoff wavelength. The optical band gap value of the material is evaluated to be 5.6 eV. The second harmonic generation efficiency was calculated by the Kurtz and Perry powder method using a Q-switched mode locked Nd: YAG laser emitting 1064 nm laser as source. Finally, Z-scan technique was employed to determine the nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear absorption coefficient and third-order NLO susceptibility to find suitability of the grown crystal in photonics and optoelectronics applications. Keywords: Single crystal; Powder XRD; thermal analysis; SHG; Z-scan studies

GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW NONLINEAR OPTICAL SINGLE CRYSTALS OF 3-AMINOPHENOL ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID (3-AMPHPH)

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 1150038
Author(s):  
K. RUSSEL RAJ ◽  
P. MURUGAKOOTHAN
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solution Technique ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Water As Solvent

The semi-organic 3-aminophenol-orthophosphoric acid (denoted as 3-amphph) single crystals were grown by slow evaporation solution technique with water as solvent. The resulted crystal has well-defined surface morphology and is transparent and colorless with a size of 29 × 17 × 4 mm3. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), NMR spectroscopic technique, UV-vis-NIR, TG/DTA and dielectric analysis are used to characterize the crystals. XRD analysis revealed that the crystal lattice of 3-amphph is orthorhombic having cell parameters a = 4.481(2) Å, b = 9.782(4) Å, c = 18.326(4) Å with non-centrosymmetric space group P 212121. Nonlinear optical studies indicated that the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency is 2.22 times that of the standard potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals. Growth mechanism and surface textures of the as-grown single crystals were analyzed by chemical etching analysis.

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