Synthesis, growth and characterization of L-Leucine Magnesium Nitrate Hexahydrate crystal

L-Leucine Magnesium Nitrate HexaHydrate ([Formula: see text]) crystal is a nonlinear optical (NLO) material of semiorganic type. It has grown using a slow evaporation solution growth (SEST) technique at elevated temperature (40∘C) by dissolving LL+MNHH in double distilled water. It was crystalized and recrystalized from a supersaturated solution by stirring it for several hours to get high optical perfection. The X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the presence of the intermixed compound in the [Formula: see text] crystal and possess monoclinic structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum identified the functional groups of the grown crystal. The crystal has very good optical absorption and transparency in the UV–Vis region. The thermal analysis revealed the thermal stability of the crystal. The dielectric study shows that dielectric constant and dielectric loss decrease at higher frequencies. The crystal showed nonlinear property by second-harmonic generation (SHG) study. This type of material with fair nonlinearity is useful in optoelectronics application devices.

Growth, Structural, Spectral, Thermal, Optical, Second and Third Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Imidazolium Hydrogen Squarate (IHS) Single Crystal

Imidazolium hydrogen squarate (IHS) crystal has been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The lattice parameters of grown crystal were determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction data and compared with powder XRD. Single crystal XRD shows that the crystal crystallizes in monoclinic system with noncentrosymmetric space group Pc. The crystallinity of the grown crystal was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. FT-IR and FT-RAMAN analyses qualitatively confirm the various functional groups present in the grown crystal. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded to establish the molecular structure. Thermal properties of title crystal were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectrum was recorded to find the band width of optical transmittance window and the lower cutoff wavelength. The optical band gap value of the material is evaluated to be 5.6 eV. The second harmonic generation efficiency was calculated by the Kurtz and Perry powder method using a Q-switched mode locked Nd: YAG laser emitting 1064 nm laser as source. Finally, Z-scan technique was employed to determine the nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear absorption coefficient and third-order NLO susceptibility to find suitability of the grown crystal in photonics and optoelectronics applications. Keywords: Single crystal; Powder XRD; thermal analysis; SHG; Z-scan studies

Evolution of Physicochemical Properties of 2-(2-(4-(4-chloro) phenyl) vinyl)-1, 1, 3-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e] Indolium Iodide via Experimental and Quantum Chemical Calculation for Third-Harmonic Generation Applications

In this work, the authors have reported the synthesis, crystal structure, and physicochemical properties of new Indolium based nonlinear optical crystal of 2-(2-(4-(4-chloro) phenyl) vinyl)-1, 1, 3-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e] Indolium iodide. The title crystal was grown by slow evaporation technique using methanol as a solvent. The harvested crystal is subjected to the single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and found that the title crystal belongs to the monoclinic system with a space group of P21/n. The bandgap and optical window of the material are studied by UV-visible spectroscopic analysis, and the found values are 4.2 eV and 295-800 nm, respectively. The grown crystal is subjected to analyze the thermal stability and found that high-temperature stability value upto 264 oC and which is sufficient for industrial applications. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the grown crystal dielectric properties such as dielectric constant and dielectric losses is investigated by impedance spectroscopic analysis. The molecular charge transfer on the material is studied from density functional theory. The various intermolecular interactions existence in the crystal is explored from Hirshfeld surface analysis. Finally, the Z-scan parameters expose that title crystal is a potential material for third-harmonic generation applications. The overall structural studies and functional properties disclose that the grown crystal is well suitable for harmonic generation applications.

GROWTH OF COPPER SULPHIDE CRYSTAL IN GEL AND ITS THERMAL SPECTROSCOPIC SEMICONDUCTING CHARACTERISATIONS WITH KINETIC PARAMETERS

Copper sulphides crystals are grown using simple gel technique at ambient temperature. The various lattice parameters, gel aging time, gel setting time, Effect of pH observed, Different characterization like gel aging, pH of gel ,setting of gel with their analysis and Thermal behavior of grown crystal like Thermo gravimetric Analysis TGA are Discussed. The chemical analysis confirmed contents in grown crystal of copper sulphides

An Efficient Nonlinear Optical, Magnetic Transition Metal Ion Nickel Doped L- Threonine Cadmium Acetate Monohydrate

The semi organic nonlinear optical single crystal of L- Threonine Cadmium acetate Monohydrate (LTCAM) doped Ni 2+ion is prepared by the technique slow evaporation solution growth. The prepared crystal was analysed by XRD, EDAX, UV-Vis- NIR, IR, TG/DTA, Photo Luminescence (PL), VSM and SHG measurements. The SXRD shows the crystal come under the monoclinic crystal system with P21 noncentrosymmetric space group. In the visible and near infrared region the crystal shows good optical response and it is a thermally stable compound. The band gap of the grown crystal was 5.02ev. The functional groups are confirmed by FTIR analysis. The luminescent behaviour of the doped crystal shows its ability as UV filters. The dopant turns its magnetic property in to semi paramagnetic nature.

Investigation of 2nd Order Nonlinear Optical Property Semi organic L-Tyrosine Barium Chloride Single Crystal for Photonic applications

New bulk size single crystals of L-Tyrosine Barium Chloride LTBC have been synthesized from the solution prepared from the blend of tyrosine and barium chloride using slow evaporation solution growth method. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows the grown crystal crystallized in orthorhombic system with non-centrosymmetric space group P. Fourier transform infrared spectral studies revealed the orientation of discrete functional group in the grown crystal. The optical absorption studies show the material has largish optical transparency in the total visible region. The band gap energy values were also determined by using the optical studies. SHG efficiency was confirmed by Kurtz Perry powder technique. The thermal stability of LTBC crystals was analyzed by DSC technique. The electrical behavior of the crystal was studied by dielectric method. The SEM image expelled the surface morphology of the grown crystal. The hardness values of crystal were estimated by Vickers micro hardness tester and other such properties show the suitableness of the LTBC crystal for photonic and optoelectronic applications.

Growth and characterization of efficient second-order nonlinear optical material: N-(2-chlorophenyl)-(1-propanamide)

The crystals N-(2-chlorophenyl)-(1-propanamide) (NCP) appropriate for nonlinear optical (NLO) and electro–optic appliances were grown full-fledged by the slow cooling method. The solubility and metastable zone width range of NCP specimen were studied. The specimen crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group of P21. The crystal morphology study also elucidates supplementary excellence of the as-grown NCP crystal. The optical precision in the whole visible region was found to be superior for NLO claim. The crystallinity of the full-fledged crystal is determined by etching and HRXRD. Laser harm threshold and photoluminescence studies delegate the grown crystal comprises extremely less imperfections. The mechanical deeds of NCP sample at assorted temperatures were examined to decide the hardness solidity of the grown specimen. The piezoelectric behavior and the comparative second harmonic generation for assorted particle sizes of the material were also deliberate. The third-order nonlinear ocular possessions of NCP crystal specimen were determined by [Formula: see text]-scan method. The optical homogeneity of the solitary crystal was assessed using customized channel spectrum technique. The thermal structures of NCP solitary crystal have been studied using photopyroelectric method. The half-wave voltage of the full-fledged crystal was intended from the electro–optic experimentation. Photoconductivity nature of the grown crystal outlined consummate inducing dipoles due to strong incident radiation and further revealed the nonlinear deeds of the grown material.

Growth and Spectral Characterization of L-Valine Zinc Acetate Single Crystal

L-Valine zinc acetate (LVZA) was synthesized and its solubility was estimated in the solvent of double distilled water. Single crystals of LVZA were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The cell parameters were obtained by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Functional groups of LVZA were identified by FTIR analysis. UV-vis-NIR spectral studies showed the optical nature of LVZA. Kurtz powder technique revealed the SHG efficiency of LVZA. Thermal properties of the grown LVZA crystal were studied from TGA/ DTA and DSC spectrum. Vickers’s mechanical hardness values were found for the grown crystal.

Growth and characterization of 4-(((4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid with Ce3+: for semiorganic nonlinear optical application

This work aims at the growth and characterization of novel semi-organometallic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal 4-(((4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl) oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid (ASODA) with ammonium ceric (II) sulfate dehydrate (ACS). The crystal 4-(((4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl) oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid with Ce3+ (STA) was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique using deionized water as a solvent. Crystalline system of the grown STA crystal was identified by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study and confirmed as monoclinic crystalline system with non-centrosymmetric space group P21/C. The powder X-ray diffraction study confirmed the purity and crystallinity of the crystal. The presence of functional groups and hydrogen bonds (–O–H–O–) was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. UV-Vis spectra showed that the grown crystal had a low cutoff wavelength at 219 nm. The position of protons and carbons were determined by structural studies based on NMR technique. The grown crystal was thermally stable up to 130 °C and its melting point was 163 °C. The SHG studies were performed by Quanta Ray Model laser source using Kurtz powder technique. The NLO efficiency of the STA crystal was 0.5 times greater than that of standard KDP. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown crystal were studied at different temperatures. The surface morphology and the particle size of the crystal were determined by FE-SEM technique. From the mechanical studies, it was found that the grown crystal is a soft material.

Crystal Growth and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Semi-Organic [C4H12N2] ZnCl4. H2O Single Crystal for Laser Applications

Optical high quality semi-organic piperazinium tetrachlorozincate monohydrate, [C4H12N2] ZnCl4. H2O (PTCZ) single crystals were grown by conventional solution method. The structure of grown crystal was confirmed by the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) analysis. The material phase purities and its various (hkl) planes have been confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis at room temperature. The different functional groups were confirmed by the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The optical quality of the PTCZ single crystal and band gap energy have been identified by the UV-Vis NIR spectral analysis and also calculated refractive index of the material. The thermal stability of the PTCZ single crystal was investigated by TG-DTA. The hardness related properties were analyzed by microhardness tester. The dielectric properties have been measured on the grown single crystal and the electronic polarizability value has been calculated with various theoretical approach. The etching process was carried out on the grown crystal to finding the dislocation density. The crystal atomic perfection has been investigated by the high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) or Rocking curve (RC) analysis. The Z-scan measurement has been carried out to finding third-order optical susceptibility (χ(3)) of the grown single crystal using solid state laser (640 nm).