scholarly journals Repeatability of growth characteristics and wood properties for solid wood production from Eucalyptus camaldulensis half-sib families growing in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikumi Nezu ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Haruna Aiso ◽  
Sapit Diloksumpun ◽  
Jyunichi Ohshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Sib Families

AbstractTo promote solid wood production, the diameter at breast height, height, stress-wave velocity, surface-released strain, basic density and compressive strength parallel to the grain were measured for 10 half-sib families of 12-year-old Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. trees growing in Thailand. Based on the results, growth rates, correlations among measured properties, radial and among-family variations of wood properties, and their repeatability were evaluated. Diameter at breast height, height, and wood volume were exponentially increased at initial stage, and then gradually increased toward to 12 years after planting. The maximum current annual increment and mean annual increment in wood volume showed at age of 8 and 11years old, suggesting that rotation period for optimum productivity may be ranged from 8 to 11 years old. Wood with stable properties was found greater than 6 cm from the pith. These results indicate that 12-year-old E. camaldulensis trees had already reached the maturation stage. No significant correlations were found between growth characteristics and wood properties. Significant variances in the height, stress-wave velocity, and basic density were found among the 10 families. The F-values and repeatability of the wood properties in the outer wood were higher than those in the inner wood. These results indicate that the properties of the outer wood are closely related to genetic factors. Thus, to obtain superior E. camaldulensis trees for solid wood production, the family selection should be conducted using the outer wood of aged trees.

scholarly journals Selection of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Families for Sustainable Pulpwood Production by Means of Anatomical Characteristics

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ikumi Nezu ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Haruna Aiso ◽  
Sapit Diloksumpun ◽  
Jyunichi Ohshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Diameter Fibre ◽  
Sib Families

Sustainable pulpwood production from fast-growing tree plantations is needed for pulp and paper industries. To increase the pulpwood production efficiency, the anatomical characteristics and derived-wood properties of 75 trees from 15 half-sib families of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. planted in Thailand were investigated, and then the family was classified by suitability of wood as raw material for pulp and paper products using principal component analysis and clustering. The mean values of vessel diameter, vessel frequency, fibre diameter, fibre lumen diameter, and fibre wall thickness at 2 cm from the cambium were 128 µm, 16 no./mm2, 11.1 µm, 7.1 µm, and 1.88 µm, respectively. In addition, the Runkel ratio, Luce’s shape factor, flexibility coefficient, slenderness ratio, solids factor, and wall coverage ratio (i.e., derived-wood properties) were 0.53, 0.42, 0.64, 85.3, 68 × 103 µm3, and 0.34, respectively. Significant differences in fibre diameter, fibre lumen diameter, and Runkel ratio were found among families. Although significant differences among families were not found for other anatomical characteristics and derived-wood properties, the p-values obtained by an analysis of variance test ranged from 0.050 to 0.088. Based on the results of a principal component analysis and cluster analysis, 15 families were classified into four clusters with different expected pulp and paper characteristics. The suitability of wood from E. camaldulensis half-sib families for pulp and paper can be evaluated by principal component analysis using anatomical characteristics and physical properties as variables. Based on the results, desirable pulp and paper quality may be obtained through the selection of families from this species.

The effect of spacing on the growth ofEucalyptus camaldulensison salt-affected soils of the Punjab, Pakistan

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 2434-2444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid Akhtar ◽  
Z. A. Saqib ◽  
R. H. Qureshi ◽  
M. A. Haq ◽  
M. S. Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehnh ◽  
The Impact ◽  
I 31

This study compared the performance of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. planted at four spacings (2.0 m × 2.0 m, 2.5 m × 2.5 m, 3.0 m × 3.0 m, and 3.5 m × 3.5 m) at three experimental saline sites in Punjab province of Pakistan over 5 years and assessed the impact of these planting densities on soil salinity amelioration. Tree response was assessed by measuring survival, height, and diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees at 1, 2, and 5 years as well as wood volume after 5 years. Wood volume per hectare, height, and DBH were greater at sites I and II than at site III. The 3.0 m × 3.0 m spacing resulted in taller trees, but DBH and wood volume were greater with the 3.5 m × 3.5 m spacing. The study confirmed that initial tree spacing or density has a significant impact on the subsequent height, DBH, and wood volume of E. camaldulensis plants. The study also showed that broad spacing could be a better option in saline environments. There was a definite reduction in soil salinity (electrical conductivity, ECe) at five soil depths after 5 years of tree growth at all sites and spacing treatments, with reductions varying from 46% to 47% at site I, 31% to 52% at site II, and 25% to 58% at site III. Soil ECewas generally higher in surface (0–15 cm) soils.

Inheritance of basic density and microfibril angle and their variations among full-sib families and their parental clones in Picea glehnii

Holzforschung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tanabe ◽  
Akira Tamura ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Yuya Takashima ◽  
Kazuya Iizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Picea Glehnii ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tree Breeding Program ◽  
Plantation Species ◽  
Sib Families

Abstract Picea glehnii is one of the most important plantation species in Hokkaido, Japan. Basic density (BD) and microfibril angle (MFA) of the S2 layer in latewood tracheid in 16 full-sib families and their six parental clones planted in Hokkaido were examined to clarify among-family and clonal variations of wood properties and their inheritance from parents to offspring. Mean values of BD and MFA in full-sib families and parental clones were 0.36 and 0.35 g cm-3 and 16.1° and 10.7°, respectively. Estimated repeatabilities of BD and MFA in juvenile wood (jW) were higher than those in mature wood. In addition, larger genetic coefficient of variation was detected for jW, indicating that improvement of jW properties is important to Hokkaido’s tree breeding program. Parent-offspring correlation coefficients were positive and significant in all properties. These results suggest that the influence of parental clones on wood properties is inheritable to offspring. Moreover, there were no significant differences between reciprocal crosses of wood properties, suggesting that plus-tree clones with good wood properties can be used as either female or male parents for producing offspring. There is a possibility of improving wood properties in P. glehnii by crossing clones with desirable properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing Regimes on Growth, Yield, and Wood Properties ofTectona grandisat Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliakimu Zahabu ◽  
Tumaini Raphael ◽  
Shabani Athumani Omari Chamshama ◽  
Said Iddi ◽  
Rogers Ernest Malimbwi
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Rotation Age ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study examined the effects of planting spacing on growth, yield, and wood properties of teak planted at square spacing regimes of 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m at Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania. To achieve this, tree, stand, and wood properties were studied at age of 14 years. Results showed that diameter at breast height and total height increased with increasing spacing. Mean annual increment increased significantly with increasing spacing while spacing did not have significant effect on total volume production and basal area. Basic density is also not affected by spacing while heartwood proportion increases as planting spacing increases. All studied wood properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compression strength tangential to grain, and shear tangential to the grain) except cleavage tangential to grain were not significantly affected by increasing spacing. It is recommended to use the spacing of 3 × 3 m, but if thinning can be done before onset of competition at 5 years, the currently used spacing of 2.5 × 2.5 m can still be used. However, the use of a spacing of 4 × 4 m can give at least 50% heartwood at shorter rotation age of 30 years.

Among-family variations of solid wood properties in 4-year-old Eucalyptus camaldulensis trees selected for pulpwood production in Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ishiguri ◽  
S. Diloksumpun ◽  
J. Tanabe ◽  
J. Ohshima ◽  
K. Iizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Solid Wood

scholarly journals Thinning Influences Wood Properties of Plantation-Grown Eucalyptus nitens at Three Sites in Tasmania

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Vilius Gendvilas ◽  
Geoffrey M. Downes ◽  
Mark Neyland ◽  
Mark Hunt ◽  
Peter A. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Plantation Species ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Forestry Plantations ◽  
The Impact

Thinning of forestry plantations is a common silviculture practice to increase growth rates and to produce larger dimension logs. The wood properties, basic density and stiffness, are key indicators of the suitability of timber for particular purposes and ultimately determine timber value. The impact of thinning operations on wood properties is, therefore, of considerable interest to forest growers and timber producers. To date, studies examining the impact of thinning on wood properties have produced variable results and understanding of the consistency of the effects of thinning treatments across various sites for important plantation species is limited. Two non-destructive assessment techniques, drilling resistance and acoustic wave velocity, were used to examine the impact of thinning on basic density and stiffness in 19–21-year-old plantation grown Eucalyptus nitens across three sites. Commercial thinning to 300 trees ha−1 decreased the stiffness of standing trees and this effect was consistent across the sites. Reduction in stiffness due to thinning ranged from 3.5% to 11.5%. There was no difference in wood properties between commercially and non-commercially thinned trees to 300 trees ha−1 and no difference in wood properties when thinned to 500 trees ha−1. Basic density was not affected by thinning. The site had significant effects on both basic density and stiffness, which were lowest at the highest precipitation and highest elevation site. The results indicate that wood properties are influenced both by silviculture and site environmental differences. This knowledge can be used for the better management of E. nitens resources for solid wood production.

scholarly journals Utilization potential of naturally regenerated Mongolian Betula platyphylla wood based on growth characteristics and wood properties

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Togtokhbayar Erdene-Ochir ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Ikumi Nezu ◽  
Bayasaa Tumenjargal ◽  
Bayartsesteg Baasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Stress Wave ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Betula Platyphylla ◽  
Stress Wave Velocity

To preliminary evaluate the potential wood utilization of Sukaczev trees naturally regenerated in Mongolia, growth characteristics (stem diameter and tree height), wood properties (annual ring width, basic density, and compressive strength parallel to grain at the green condition) of core samples, and stress-wave velocity in stems were investigated for trees grown naturally in three different sites in Selenge, Mongolia. trees, naturally grown in Nikko, Japan, were also examined to compare wood properties between the two regions. The mean values of stem diameter, tree height, stress-wave velocity of stems, annual ring width, basic density, and compressive strength parallel to grain at green condition in Mongolian were 17.6 cm, 14.1 m, 3.50 km s, 1.27 mm, 0.51 g cm, and 20.4 MPa, respectively. Basic density and compressive strength were decreased first from the pith, and then gradually increased toward the bark. The wood properties of trees grown naturally in Mongolia were similar to those in trees grown in Japan. Growth characteristics, especially stem diameter, were positively correlated with the stress-wave velocity of stems and basic density. Early evaluation of basic density in trees is possible by using wood located 2 cm from the pith. Basic density at the position from the 1st to the 15th annual ring from the pith showed significant between-site differences in Mongolian . Based on the results, it is concluded that the wood of trees grown in Mongolia may be used for industrial products as well as those from similar species in other countries.Betula platyphyllaBetula platyphyllaBetula platyphyllaB. platyphylla–1–3B. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphylla

Bioenergy yield of Eucalyptus urophylla clones and its relationship with the mean annual increment of wood volume

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Isabele Pinheiro da Silva ◽  
Alyne Chaveiro Santos ◽  
Macksuel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Mariana Dianese Alves de Moraes ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sette Jr
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study aimed to evaluate the energy yield and wood characteristics of Eucalyptus urophylla clones with different mean annual increment of wood volume (MAI). The clones presented MAIs of 39.2, 54.1 and 70.0 m3 ha-1 yr-1 in the field experiment at six years after planting when the trees were cut down to evaluate the wood basic density and higher heating values. The energy density, dry mass and energy yield were estimated. The MAI of E. urophylla clones influenced the wood basic density, dry mass, and energy yield, but did not influence the higher heating value and energy density. Clone 3 had the highest MAI, and also had higher energy yield and dry mass, but lower wood basic density. The difference between the most and the least productive clones was 242,648 MJ ha-1 yr-1. The results reinforce the importance of evaluating the wood quantity production (MAI) to select Eucalyptus clones for energy purposes.

scholarly journals GLYPHOSATE DRIFT IN EUCALYPTUS PLANTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SANTOS JUNIOR ◽  
L. D. TUFFI SANTOS ◽  
F. A. FERREIRA ◽  
L. R. FERREIRA ◽  
R. C. FELIX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Glyphosate Drift

ABSTRACTWith the present study we aim to assess the damage caused to Eucalyptus plants exposed to glyphosate drift in different canopy portions. The drift simulation was carried out through application of 1,080 g ha-1 of glyphosate in five canopy portions (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the low branches), in four areas of cultivation. Areas I and II, plants with 0.91 and 2.98 m, and height of canopy drift exposition of 0.30 and 1.0 m, respectively. In areas III and IV both cultivations were 8.15 m high, varying the height of drift exposition between 2.0 and 2.5 m, respectively. At 30 and 480 days after application (DAA), the survival rate was assessed, and at 300 and 480 DAA diameter at breast height (DBH), height, volume and their respective increment were determined. The medium annual increment (MAI) was determined at 480 DAA. Area I, in which the plants were 0.91 m high, we observed that treatment with 100% of the low branches exposed to drift led to stand reduction of the plants around 18.75 and 38.19% at 30 and 480 DAA, respectively. Areas I and II showed reduction in plant growth in height and DBH, wood volume and MAI, to the extent that there was an increase in the portion of canopy exposed to glyphosate drift. However, in areas III and IV, in which 8.15 m height plants were found, no changes were verified for the evaluated characteristics, regardless of the portion of canopy exposed to glyphosate drift.

scholarly journals Wood Volume Production and Use of 10 Woody Species in Semiarid Zones of Northeastern Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Foroughbakhch ◽  
Artemio Carrillo Parra ◽  
Jorge Luis Hernández Piñero ◽  
Marco Antonio Alvarado Vázquez ◽  
Alejandra Rocha Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Northeastern Mexico

A research strategy was established to analyze the structure of timber trees in terms of forest productivity (volume and wood density) of 10 species. The native speciesAcacia farnesiana, Acacia schaffneri,Bumelia celastrina,Cercidium macrun,Condalia hookeri,Ebenopsis ebano,Helietta parvifolia, andProsopis laevigataand the exotic speciesEucalyptus camaldulensisandLeucaena leucocephalawere chosen due to their ecological and economic importance to the rural villages of northeastern Mexico. Measurements of different growth parameters and volume of trees were evaluated. The introduced speciesE. camaldulensisandL. leucocephalashowed the best performance in wood volume production per tree and per hectare when compared to the native species. Likewise, among the native species,E. ebano,P. laevigata,C. hookeri, andA. farnesianatended to show better characteristics in terms of wood volume production in comparison toH. parvifolia,A. schaffneri,C. macrum, andB. celastrina. Results showed a high diversity on the properties studied. The high biomass produced by most of the species considered in this study revealed their great energetic potential when used as wood and firewood or vegetal charcoal.

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