Bioenergy yield of Eucalyptus urophylla clones and its relationship with the mean annual increment of wood volume

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Isabele Pinheiro da Silva ◽  
Alyne Chaveiro Santos ◽  
Macksuel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Mariana Dianese Alves de Moraes ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sette Jr
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study aimed to evaluate the energy yield and wood characteristics of Eucalyptus urophylla clones with different mean annual increment of wood volume (MAI). The clones presented MAIs of 39.2, 54.1 and 70.0 m3 ha-1 yr-1 in the field experiment at six years after planting when the trees were cut down to evaluate the wood basic density and higher heating values. The energy density, dry mass and energy yield were estimated. The MAI of E. urophylla clones influenced the wood basic density, dry mass, and energy yield, but did not influence the higher heating value and energy density. Clone 3 had the highest MAI, and also had higher energy yield and dry mass, but lower wood basic density. The difference between the most and the least productive clones was 242,648 MJ ha-1 yr-1. The results reinforce the importance of evaluating the wood quantity production (MAI) to select Eucalyptus clones for energy purposes.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL, ULTRASTRUCTURAL, PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL WOOD PROPERTIES OF TWO-YEAR-OLD Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla CLONES

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio José Vinha Zanuncio ◽  
Amélia Guimarães Carvalho ◽  
Angélica de Cassia Oliveira Carneiro ◽  
Mario Tomazello Filho ◽  
Paulina Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Radial Direction ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Wood ◽  
Adult Trees

ABSTRACT Eucalyptus wood from adult trees is used for several purposes; however, the wood of younger trees has limited use. This study aims to characterize and propose uses of two-year-old eucalyptus wood. Six two-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla clones have been selected and their anatomical, ultrastructural, physical and mechanical wood characteristics evaluated. The wood of Clone A shows more robust fibers with better microfibril arrangement, resulting in better mechanical properties, and therefore, a better performance for structural use. Clone F showed a low variation of wood basic density in the radial direction, facilitating its machinability, and with the Clone B, showed a lower anisotropy, and therefore, the wood is recommended for locations with high variations of humidity. The heterogeneity of the wood characteristics of the evaluated clones confirms the need for further studies, to choose those most adequate to each use.

The effects of contrasting environments on the basic density and mean annual increment of wood from eucalyptus clones

2020 ◽  
Vol 458 ◽  
pp. 117807
Author(s):  
Sarah Esther de Lima Costa ◽  
Rosimeire Cavalcante do Santos ◽  
Graziela Baptista Vidaurre ◽  
Renato Vinícius Oliveira Castro ◽  
Sofia Maria Gonçalves Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Developing breeding objectives for radiata pine structural wood production. II. Sensitivity analyses

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2932-2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Ivković ◽  
Harry X Wu ◽  
Tony A McRae ◽  
Colin A Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Production System ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Breeding Objective ◽  
Economic Weights ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

In a companion paper we describe a bioeconomic model of a production system for radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) structural timber and estimated economic weights for four breeding-objective traits: mean annual increment, stem sweep, average branch size, and modulus of elasticity. In this paper we show estimation errors and the sensitivity of the economic weights to the input parameters of the production-system model. We also illustrate the linearity and independence of the economic weights and the sensitivity of selection indices to variation in economic weights and genetic parameters. Estimated standard errors of economic weights were generally low. Among the production-system parameters studied, discount rate and roundwood and sawn-timber prices had the largest impact on the estimates of economic weights. The relationship between the change in values of breeding-objective traits and the corresponding change in profit was nonlinear. The profit change due to change in one objective trait was not independent of the values of the other traits. The most important factors affecting the sensitivity of the selection index were the phenotypic variances of early selection traits such as tree diameter and wood basic density and the economic weights of mean annual increment and modulus of elasticity.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing Regimes on Growth, Yield, and Wood Properties ofTectona grandisat Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliakimu Zahabu ◽  
Tumaini Raphael ◽  
Shabani Athumani Omari Chamshama ◽  
Said Iddi ◽  
Rogers Ernest Malimbwi
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Rotation Age ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study examined the effects of planting spacing on growth, yield, and wood properties of teak planted at square spacing regimes of 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m at Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania. To achieve this, tree, stand, and wood properties were studied at age of 14 years. Results showed that diameter at breast height and total height increased with increasing spacing. Mean annual increment increased significantly with increasing spacing while spacing did not have significant effect on total volume production and basal area. Basic density is also not affected by spacing while heartwood proportion increases as planting spacing increases. All studied wood properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compression strength tangential to grain, and shear tangential to the grain) except cleavage tangential to grain were not significantly affected by increasing spacing. It is recommended to use the spacing of 3 × 3 m, but if thinning can be done before onset of competition at 5 years, the currently used spacing of 2.5 × 2.5 m can still be used. However, the use of a spacing of 4 × 4 m can give at least 50% heartwood at shorter rotation age of 30 years.

scholarly journals A Loblolly Pine Seedling-Grade by Genotype Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South ◽  
James L. Rakestraw
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Percentage Point Difference

Abstract A loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling grade study was established in January 1987 on a Coastal Plain site at Bellville, Georgia. The factorial study involved three seedling grades (Wakeley's Grade 1, 2, and 3) and three half-sib families (#5, 25, 56). Trees were measured at ages 8 and 13 yr. Both family and seedling grade affected survival, height, and diameter at age 8 yr. Survival among families varied by as much as 3 percentage points while there was a 10 percentage point difference between Grade 1 and Grade 2 seedlings. Only family was related to height and diameter at age 13. Volume gains from planting Grade 1 seedlings instead of Grade 3 seedlings varied by family but there were no significant interactions between family and seedling grade. Differences in height among families and among seedling grades decreased over time. At age 8, there was a 5.3 ft difference between the tallest and shortest family but by age 13, the difference declined to 3.7 ft.Overall, planting family 56 instead of family 25 resulted in an additional 645 ft3/ac by age 13. Planting Grade 1 seedlings instead of Grade 3 seedlings produced an additional 303 ft3/ac. Per acre volume differences among families were greater at age 13 than at age 8. In contrast, differences among seedling grades were about the same at age 8 and 13 yr. The overall mean annual increment (MAI) for this study was 207 ft3/ac/yr. In comparison, the MAI for Grade 1 seedlings of family 56 was 239 ft3/ac/yr. South. J. Appl. For. 26(3):153–158.

Defining Canada's old-growth forests — problems and solutions

1994 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc C. Duchesne
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Conceptual and working definitions of old-growth forests are proposed for Canada. Conceptually, old-growth forests are defined in terms of stand age, structure, species composition, anthropogenic influence, and landscape ecology. Working definitions based on stand age in relation to age of maximum mean annual increment and site class are formulated for Canada's inventoried timber-productive forests. The difference between stand age and the age of maximum mean annual increment is proposed as a measure of old-growthness. Recommendations are made for improving Canada's forest inventory database to help acquire ecological definitions of old-growth forests and monitor and maintain Canada's old-growth heritage. Key words: old-growth forests, stand composition, anthropogenic influence, biodiversity, landscape ecology

scholarly journals CHEMICAL AND ENERGETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla CLONES SUBJECT TO WIND DAMAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio José Vinha Zanuncio ◽  
Amélia Guimarães Carvalho ◽  
Angelica de Cassia Oliveira Carneiro ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
Maria Fernanda Vieira Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Energetic Characterization ◽  
G Ratio

ABSTRACT Wind damages are common in forest plantations and the use of this wood can minimize losses. The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition and the energetic potential of wood and charcoal from trees subject to wind damage. Eight (A to H) two-years-old Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla clones were selected in a region where wind damage is frequent. The basic density, calorific value, chemical composition of wood and calorific value, immediate chemistry and gravimetric yield of charcoal were determined for all clones. Materials with high lignin content and low S/G ratio had higher gravimetric yield. The energy density of wood and charcoal showed high relationship with the basic and apparent relative density, respectively. All materials showed potential for bioenergy, but the clone E stood out with higher gravimetric yield and energy density.

Identification de descripteurs morphométriques sensibles aux conditions générales de croissance des semis de chêne rouge [Quercusrubra) en milieu naturel

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Trencia
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
City Region ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Red oak (Quertusrubra L.) seedlings measuring less than 1 m in height were collected from seven sites in the Québec City region. The sites were grouped according to pedology, dendrometry, and phytosociology. The object of this study was to select morphometric characteristics that are most sensitive to global differences in growth conditions. Most of the variables studied are frequently used to assess seedling performance in greenhouse or laboratory experiments. The characteristics measured included total stem height; mean annual increment of the biomass; number, mass, and length of the roots; shoot/root dry mass ratio; specific root length. Two topologic variables were also measured: the total external pathlength and the diameter of the root system, as defined by Fitter. The topologic variables and number of roots differentiated well the various groups of sites. Among the variables chosen, it is possible to estimate the value of the ones that are most difficult to assess, from less time-consuming variables.

scholarly journals Repeatability of growth characteristics and wood properties for solid wood production from Eucalyptus camaldulensis half-sib families growing in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikumi Nezu ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Haruna Aiso ◽  
Sapit Diloksumpun ◽  
Jyunichi Ohshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Sib Families

AbstractTo promote solid wood production, the diameter at breast height, height, stress-wave velocity, surface-released strain, basic density and compressive strength parallel to the grain were measured for 10 half-sib families of 12-year-old Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. trees growing in Thailand. Based on the results, growth rates, correlations among measured properties, radial and among-family variations of wood properties, and their repeatability were evaluated. Diameter at breast height, height, and wood volume were exponentially increased at initial stage, and then gradually increased toward to 12 years after planting. The maximum current annual increment and mean annual increment in wood volume showed at age of 8 and 11years old, suggesting that rotation period for optimum productivity may be ranged from 8 to 11 years old. Wood with stable properties was found greater than 6 cm from the pith. These results indicate that 12-year-old E. camaldulensis trees had already reached the maturation stage. No significant correlations were found between growth characteristics and wood properties. Significant variances in the height, stress-wave velocity, and basic density were found among the 10 families. The F-values and repeatability of the wood properties in the outer wood were higher than those in the inner wood. These results indicate that the properties of the outer wood are closely related to genetic factors. Thus, to obtain superior E. camaldulensis trees for solid wood production, the family selection should be conducted using the outer wood of aged trees.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in silvicultural traits and carbon stock content in a provenance-progeny test of Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas ◽  
A. L. Coleto ◽  
W. Santos ◽  
M. A. Moraes ◽  
J. Cambuim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Progeny Test ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Wood Basic Density

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation of growth traits, wood basic density, dry mass of crown, leaf, and stem, and carbon stock within and between two Genipa ameri­cana L. provenances. The provenance and progeny test was installed in the Teaching, Research and Extension Farm, located in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The test was established using a randomized block design with two provenances and 36 progenies, a spacing of 3 x 2 m, four replicates, and six plants per plot. At 11 years of age, height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured. To estimate wood basic density, biomass, and carbon stock, 45 plants were thinned. Growth traits for crown, leaf, and stem, as well as wood basic specific gravity showed significant differences. Both provenances pre­sent high carbon storage, demonstrating the potential of this species to be included in carbon credit programs that help to minimize the effects of global warming. In general, heritability values were low, suggesting limited genetic control of the eva­luated traits. However, the traits presented a high coefficient of genetic variation, indicating adequate sampling among popu­lations; these results are promising for ex situ conservation and for future breeding programs.

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