scholarly journals Research of Self – Organizing Networks (SON) Algorithms Efficiency Applying on Fourth – Generation Mobile Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-452
Author(s):  
Alexandr Solochshenko ◽  
Alimjan Baikenov ◽  
Valery Tikhvinskiy ◽  
Jelena Caiko
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Self Organizing Networks ◽  
Self Organizing

Abstract The application of SON algorithms for automating the processes of operating fourth-generation mobile networks based on the networks of operation, administration and management of OAM (Operation and Maintenance) is considered. The features of the tasks at the stages of self-optimization and self-configuration of the network for the various stages of 4G mobile network life cycle are shown. Criteria and approaches to assessing the effectiveness of solving problems by the SON network are proposed. The technical requirements are also formulated for SON algorithms. The experimentally achieved values of the selected performance exponents depending on the duration of the test cluster self-optimization time of the 4G network are shown.

2G-4G Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 964-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakil Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Stationary Mode ◽  
Download Time ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
4G Wireless ◽  
Wireless Mobile

The fourth-generation wireless mobile systems, commonly known as 4G, is expected to provide global roaming across different types of wireless and mobile networks; for instance, from satellite to mobile networks and to Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). 4G is an all IP-based mobile network using different radio access technologies and providing seamless roaming and connection via always the best available network (Zahariadis & Kazakos, 2003). The vision of 4G wireless/mobile systems will be the provision of broadband access, seamless global roaming and Internet/data/voice everywhere, utilizing for each the most “appropriate” always-best connected technology (Gustafsson & Jonsson, 2003). These systems are about integrating terminals, networks and applications to satisfy increasing user demands (Ibrahim, 2002; Lu & Berezdivin, 2002). 4G systems are expected to offer a speed of more than 100 Mbps in stationary mode and an average of 20 Mbps for mobile stations, reducing the download time of graphics and multimedia components by more than 10 times compared to currently available 2 Mbps on 3G systems.

Analyzing the development of 4th generation mobile network in China: actor network theory perspective

Info ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwoon Shim ◽  
Dong-Hee Shin
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Generation Network ◽  
Time Division

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the process of standards setting based on the case of long-term evolution time division duplex (LTE TDD) deployment in China. Design/methodology/approach – Using actor-network theory (ANT) as a theoretical framework, multi-level analyses are presented to explain the process of adoption of LTE TDD at a global level. Findings – Findings identified the complex interaction between the social and technical aspects of fourth-generation (4G) by highlighting the co-evolving nature, diversity and interface that constitute the next-generation network environment. Research limitations/implications – ANT provides a framework of ideas for describing the process of technology adoption and for developing stories that explain it. Originality/value – The findings shed light on a critical insight of the interrelationships between TD-SCDMA and LTE TDD and identify the policy successes and failures of 4G mobile networks.

scholarly journals Handover Parameters Optimisation Techniques in 5G Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5202
Author(s):  
Wasan Kadhim Saad ◽  
Ibraheem Shayea ◽  
Bashar J. Hamza ◽  
Hafizal Mohamad ◽  
Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact

The massive growth of mobile users will spread to significant numbers of small cells for the Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network, which will overlap the fourth generation (4G) network. A tremendous increase in handover (HO) scenarios and HO rates will occur. Ensuring stable and reliable connection through the mobility of user equipment (UE) will become a major problem in future mobile networks. This problem will be magnified with the use of suboptimal handover control parameter (HCP) settings, which can be configured manually or automatically. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different HCP settings on the performance of 5G network. Several system scenarios are proposed and investigated based on different HCP settings and mobile speed scenarios. The different mobile speeds are expected to demonstrate the influence of many proposed system scenarios on 5G network execution. We conducted simulations utilizing MATLAB software and its related tools. Evaluation comparisons were performed in terms of handover probability (HOP), ping-pong handover probability (PPHP) and outage probability (OP). The 5G network framework has been employed to evaluate the proposed system scenarios used. The simulation results reveal that there is a trade-off in the results obtained from various systems. The use of lower HCP settings provides noticeable enhancements compared to higher HCP settings in terms of OP. Simultaneously, the use of lower HCP settings provides noticeable drawbacks compared to higher HCP settings in terms of high PPHP for all scenarios of mobile speed. The simulation results show that medium HCP settings may be the acceptable solution if one of these systems is applied. This study emphasises the application of automatic self-optimisation (ASO) functions as the best solution that considers user experience.

scholarly journals Benefits of Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for Mobile Operators

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Østerbø ◽  
Ole Grøndalen
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Configuration Optimization ◽  
Network Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Self Organizing Networks ◽  
Self Organizing

Self-Organizing Networks (SON) is a collection of functions for automatic configuration, optimization, diagnostisation and healing of cellular networks. It is considered to be a necessity in future mobile networks and operations due to the increased cost pressure. The main drivers are essentially to reduce CAPEX and OPEX, which would otherwise increase dramatically due to increased number of network parameters that has to be monitored and set, the rapidly increasing numbers of base stations in the network and parallel operation of 2G, 3G and Evolved Packet Core (EPC) infrastructures. This paper presents evaluations on the use of some of the most important SON components. Mobile networks are getting more complex to configure, optimize and maintain. Many SON functions will give cost savings and performance benefits from the very beginning of a network deployment and these should be prioritized now. But even if many functions are already available and can give large benefits, the field is still in its infancy and more advanced functions are either not yet implemented or have immature implementations. It is therefore necessary to have a strategy for how and when different SON functions should be introduced in mobile networks.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence techniques over the fifth generation mobile networks: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Ashwaq N. Hassan ◽  
Sarab Al-Chlaihawi ◽  
Ahlam R. Khekan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Techniques ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Sixth Generation

<span>A well Fifth generation (5G) mobile networks have been a common phrase in recent years. We have all heard this phrase and know its importance. By 2025, the number of devices based on the fifth generation of mobile networks will reach about 100 billion devices. By then, about 2.5 billion users are expected to consume more than a gigabyte of streamed data per month. 5G will play important roles in a variety of new areas, from smart homes and cars to smart cities, virtual reality and mobile augmented reality, and 4K video streaming. Bandwidth much higher than the fourth generation, more reliability and less latency are some of the features that distinguish this generation of mobile networks from previous generations.  Clearly, at first glance, these features may seem very impressive and useful to a mobile network, but these features will pose serious challenges for operators and communications companies. All of these features will lead to considerable complexity. Managing this network, preventing errors, and minimizing latency are some of the challenges that the 5th generation of mobile networks will bring. Therefore, the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning is a good way to solve these challenges. in other say, in such a situation, proper management of the 5G network must be done using powerful tools such as artificial intelligence. Various researches in this field are currently being carried out. Research that enables automated management and servicing and reduces human error as much as possible. In this paper, we will review the artificial intelligence techniques used in communications networks. Creating a robust and efficient communications network using artificial intelligence techniques is a great incentive for future research.</span><span> The importance of this issue is such that the sixth generation (6G) of cellular communications; There is a lot of emphasis on the use of artificial intelligence.</span>

Application of Fractal Methods to Ensure the Cyber-Resilience of Self-Organizing Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
D. V. Ivanov ◽  
D. A. Moskvin
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Self Organizing Networks ◽  
Self Organizing ◽  
Fractal Methods

In the article the approach and methods of ensuring the security of VANET-networks based on automated counteraction to information security threats through self-regulation of the network structure using the theory of fractal graphs is provided.

An overview of the 5G mobile network architecture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phanidra Palagummi ◽  
Vedant Somani ◽  
Krishna M. Sivalingam ◽  
Balaji Venkat
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Network Technologies

Networking connectivity is increasingly based on wireless network technologies, especially in developing nations where the wired network infrastructure is not accessible to a large segment of the population. Wireless data network technologies based on 2G and 3G are quite common globally; 4G-based deployments are on the rise during the past few years. At the same time, the increasing high-bandwidth and low-latency requirements of mobile applications has propelled the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards organization to develop standards for the next generation of mobile networks, based on recent advances in wireless communication technologies. This standard is called the Fifth Generation (5G) wireless network standard. This paper presents a high-level overview of the important architectural components, of the advanced communication technologies, of the advanced networking technologies such as Network Function Virtualization and other important aspects that are part of the 5G network standards. The paper also describes some of the common future generation applications that require low-latency and high-bandwidth communications.

scholarly journals DCSS Protocol for Data Caching and Sharing Security in a 5G Network

Network ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Ed Kamya Kiyemba Edris ◽  
Mahdi Aiash ◽  
Jonathan Loo
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
End Users ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Data Caching ◽  
Pi Calculus

Fifth Generation mobile networks (5G) promise to make network services provided by various Service Providers (SP) such as Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) and third-party SPs accessible from anywhere by the end-users through their User Equipment (UE). These services will be pushed closer to the edge for quick, seamless, and secure access. After being granted access to a service, the end-user will be able to cache and share data with other users. However, security measures should be in place for SP not only to secure the provisioning and access of those services but also, should be able to restrict what the end-users can do with the accessed data in or out of coverage. This can be facilitated by federated service authorization and access control mechanisms that restrict the caching and sharing of data accessed by the UE in different security domains. In this paper, we propose a Data Caching and Sharing Security (DCSS) protocol that leverages federated authorization to provide secure caching and sharing of data from multiple SPs in multiple security domains. We formally verify the proposed DCSS protocol using ProVerif and applied pi-calculus. Furthermore, a comprehensive security analysis of the security properties of the proposed DCSS protocol is conducted.

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