scholarly journals Comparison between two cyclooxygenase inhibitors in an experimental dry eye model in albino rabbits

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany EL-Shazly ◽  
Amal EL-Gohary ◽  
Laila EL-Shazly ◽  
Ghada EL-Hossary
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Atropine Sulphate ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Eye Model ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Corneal Staining

Comparison between two cyclooxygenase inhibitors in an experimental dry eye model in albino rabbitsThe purpose of this study was to compare the topical anti-inflammatory effects of the nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, ketorolac, with the selective COX-2 inhibitor, nimesulide, in an animal model of dry eye in albino rabbits. All animals were examined by the Schirmer test, tear break-up time (TBUT) and fluorescein corneal staining test. Dry eye model showed significant reduction in tear volume, TBUT, corneal staining and histopathological signs of dryness and inflammation. On treating dry eye model with nimesulide 0.1% eye drops and ketorolac 0.5% eye drops, there were improvements in Schirmer test values, TBUT and fluorescein corneal staining and histopathologically reduced inflammatory reaction, with signs of healing and regeneration. Both nimesulide and ketorolac ameliorate atropine sulphate induced dry eye in albino rabbits. The use of selective COX-2 inhibitor, nimesulide, is preferred to avoid local and systemic side effects which may occur with the use of the nonselective COX inhibitor, ketorolac.

scholarly journals Dry eye disease among Glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications, in a tertiary hospital, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miraf Sahlu ◽  
Abeba T. Giorgis
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Staining

Abstract Background Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disease; causing various ocular symptoms with potential damage to the ocular surface. Applying hypotensive eye drops are presumed to initiate or exacerbate existing dry eye disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of signs and symptoms and severity of dry eye disease among glaucoma patients on topical hypotensive medications and controls. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study, involving 320 glaucoma patients and controls. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) symptoms score and Schirmer, tear breakup time and corneal staining tests were used to assess dry eye disease. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 software; p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Among the 160 study glaucoma patients, the mean duration of topical hypotensive medication use was 5.2 ± 5.21 years (range, 4 months - 32 years). Mild to severe level of OSDI score was found in 122 (76%) glaucoma patients and in 137 (86%) controls (p = 0.033). Mild to sever abnormal clinical tests in the glaucoma patients and control, respectively, were 106 (66%) vs 80 (50%) corneal staining (p = 0.045), 79 (49%) vs 72 (45%) TBUT (p = 0.021), and 91 (57%) vs 83 (52%) Schirmer test (p = 0.242). Test results at the level of sever: 2 (1%) vs 0 (0%) corneal staining, 50 (31%) vs 39 (24%) TBUT and 65 (41%) vs 60 (38%) Schirmer test in the glaucoma patents and controls, respectively. Corneal staining and TBUT had correlation with the number of drugs (p = 0.004 and 0.031, respectively), and more relationship of the two tests with total number of drops applied per day (p = 0.01 and p <  0.001, respectively). Patients on pilocarpine and timolol had more corneal staining and lower TBUT [(p = 0.011 and p <  0.001) and (p = 0.04 and 0.012), respectively]. Conclusions The study has identified glaucoma patients to be more affected by dry eye disease than non-glaucoma patients, and presence of significantly lower TBUT and higher corneal staining in the glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose per day. We recommend consideration of evaluation and management of DED for glaucoma patients on multidrops and multidose hypotensive medications.

scholarly journals Comparison of 0.05% cyclosporine and 3% diquafosol solution for dry eye patients: A randomized, blinded, multicenter clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hyun Park ◽  
Hyung Keun Lee ◽  
Mee Kum Kim ◽  
Eun Chul Kim ◽  
Jae Yong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Early Improvement ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract Background This study is aim to compare the clinical effectiveness between the two most prominent dry eye disease (DED)-specific eye drops, 0.05% cyclosporine (CN) and 3% diquafosol (DQ). Methods This is a multi-centered, randomized, masked, prospective clinical study. A total of 153 DED patients were randomly allocated to use CN twice per day or DQ six times daily. Cornea and conjunctival staining scores (NEI scale), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer test scores, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score were measured at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. Results At 12 weeks after treatment, NEI scaled scores were significantly reduced from the baseline by -6.60 for CN and -6.63 for DQ group (all P<0.0001, P=0.9739 between groups). TBUT and Schirmer values for CN were significantly improved from the baseline at 4 and 12 weeks (P=0.0034, P<0.0001 for TBUT, P=0.0418, P=0.0031 for Schirmer test). However, for DQ, TBUT showed significant improvement at 12 weeks only (P=0.0281). Mean OSDI score differences from the baseline to 12 weeks were improved by -13.03±19.63 for CN and -16.11±20.87 for DQ, respectively (all P<0.0001, P=0.854 between groups). Regarding drug compliance, the mean instillation frequency of CN was less than that of DQ (P<0.001). There were no statistically significant intergroup differences in safety evaluation. Conclusions The level of improvement regarding NEI, TBUT, and OSDI scores were not significantly different between the two treatment groups. However, with regards to the early improvement of TBUT and patient compliance, patients using CN improved faster and with greater adherence to drug usage than did those treated with DQ.

scholarly journals Comparison of 0.05% cyclosporine and 3% diquafosol solution for dry eye patients: A randomized, blinded, multicenter clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hyun Park ◽  
Hyung Keun Lee ◽  
Mee Kum Kim ◽  
Eun Chul Kim ◽  
Jae Yong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Early Improvement ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract Background This study is aim to compare the clinical effectiveness between the two most prominent dry eye disease (DED)-specific eye drops, 0.05% cyclosporine (CN) and 3% diquafosol (DQ). Methods This is a multi-centered, randomized, masked, prospective clinical study. A total of 153 DED patients were randomly allocated to use CN twice per day or DQ six times daily. Cornea and conjunctival staining scores (NEI scale), tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer test scores, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score were measured at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. Results At 12 weeks after treatment, NEI scaled scores were significantly reduced from the baseline by -6.60 for CN and -6.63 for DQ group (all P<0.0001, P=0.9739 between groups). TBUT and Schirmer values for CN were significantly improved from the baseline at 4 and 12 weeks (P=0.0034, P<0.0001 for TBUT, P=0.0418, P=0.0031 for Schirmer test). However, for DQ, TBUT showed significant improvement at 12 weeks only (P=0.0281). Mean OSDI score differences from the baseline to 12 weeks were improved by -13.03±19.63 for CN and -16.11±20.87 for DQ, respectively (all P<0.0001, P=0.854 between groups). Regarding drug compliance, the mean instillation frequency of CN was less than that of DQ (P<0.001). There were no statistically significant intergroup differences in safety evaluation. Conclusions The level of improvement regarding NEI, TBUT, and OSDI scores were not significantly different between the two treatment groups. However, with regards to the early improvement of TBUT and patient compliance, patients using CN improved faster and with greater adherence to drug usage than did those treated with DQ.

scholarly journals Effect of a formulated eye drop with Leptospermum spp honey on tear film properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1373-1377
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Tan ◽  
Tianni Jia ◽  
Roslyn Liao ◽  
Fiona Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Corneal Staining

AimTo evaluate the effects of a proprietary formulated eye drop with Leptospermum spp honey versus a conventional lubricant eye drop on tear film properties in subjects with symptoms related to dry eye disease after 28 days of treatment.MethodsForty-six subjects with symptoms related to dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score >12) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either the test formulated eye drop (Optimel by Melcare Biomedical Pty Ltd) or control eye drops (Alcon, USA) in this double-masked study. Inferior lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear film evaporation rate (TER), fluorescein tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining and subjective symptoms (OSDI and visual analogue scales (VAS)) were measured before and after 28 days of instilling the eye drops.ResultsForty-two subjects completed the study (21 subjects in each group). After 28 days of treatment, TER showed a significantly greater reduction with the formulated eye drop compared with the control (p=0.01). TBUT showed a slight but not statistically significant increase with the formulated eye drop compared with the control (p=0.06), and a significantly greater reduction (improvement) in OSDI scores was observed with the formulated eye drop compared with the control (p=0.01). No significant differences were found between the two groups for inferior LLT, corneal staining and any of the VAS scores.ConclusionsThe formulated eye drops were effective in reducing tear film evaporation rate and were more effective for improving symptoms of dry eye compared with the control eye drops after 28 days of treatment.Trial registration numberNCT03622619.

scholarly journals The effect of sinomenine eye drops on experimental mice dry eye

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Liang Yan ◽  
Peirong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Scopolamine Hydrobromide ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Corneal Staining ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Abstract Background: To investigate the effect of topical sinomenine (SIN) on ocular surface damage in dry eye of experimental mice. Study Design: Laboratory Investigation. Methods: Experimental dry eye was created using scopolamine hydrobromide in female C57BL/6 mice. Eye drops consisting of 0.05%, or 0.1% SIN or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were applied to the dry eye of experimental mice. Tear product and corneal staining scores were measured at 7 and 14 days after treatment. Interleukin (IL)-1 β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) -α levels in the SIN groups at 14 days after treatment were compared with those of other groups. Results: Mice treated with 0.05% or 0.1% SIN showed a significant improvement in tear product and corneal irregularity compared to the control and PBS-treated groups. A significant decrease in the levels of IL-1 β and TNF- α was observed in the 0.05% and 0.01% SIN-treated groups. Conclusions: Topical SIN eye drop application can effectively improve clinical signs and decrease inflammation in the ocular surface, and alleviate ocular surface damage in dry eye.

The Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors Indomethacin and Rofecoxib Reduce Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Evoked by Somatosensory Stimulation in Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 227 (7) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumiana Bakalova ◽  
Tetsuia Matsuura ◽  
Iwao Kanno
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
Cox 2

The present study was designed to investigate whether administration of indomethacin (IMC), a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitor, and Rofecoxib, a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor, affect the regulation of regional cerebral blood flow response evoked by somatosensory activation (evoked rCBF). IMC and Rofecoxib were applied intravenously (6.25 and 3 mg/kg/hr, respectively). Somatosensory activation was induced by electrical hind paw stimuli of 0.2, 1, and 5 Hz (5-sec duration, 1.5 mA). The evoked rCBF was measured in α-chloralose anesthetized rats using laser-Doppler flowmetry. Before and after drug application, the evoked rCBF showed a frequency-dependent increase in the range of 0.2–5 Hz stimulation. IMC reduced significantly (about 50%–60%) evoked rCBF in response to all frequencies of hind paw stimulation (P< 0.05). Rofecoxib reduced significantly (about 50%) evoked rCBF in response to 1 and 5 Hz stimulation (P < 0.05), but did not affect evoked rCBF at 0.2 Hz. After IMC or Rofecoxib application, the normalized evoked rCBF curves peaked earlier as compared with that before their application (P < 0.05), although the rise time of 0.5 sec was nearly constant regardless of the stimulus frequency. The termination time of evoked rCBF curves was changed significantly after IMC application at 0.2 Hz stimulation (P < 0.05), but was not affected after Rofecoxib application. Neither COX inhibitor significantly affected the baseline level of CBF. The results suggest a participation of COX products in the regulation of evoked rCBF in response to somatosensory stimulation in the brain.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Functionality of Conjunctiva Using a Rabbit Dry Eye Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Ning ◽  
Dhruva Bhattacharya ◽  
Richard E. Jones ◽  
Fangkun Zhao ◽  
Rongji Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Nictitating Membrane ◽  
Impression Cytology ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Eye Model ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Harderian Glands ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Epithelial Sodium Channel Enac

Purpose.To assess the conjunctival functionality in a rabbit dry eye (DE) model.Methods.Nictitating membrane, lacrimal and Harderian glands were surgically excised from male New Zealand white rabbits using minimally invasive surgery. Fluorescein/rose Bengal staining of ocular surface (OS) and Schirmer test were done before (BE) and after excision (AE). The expression of interleukin- (IL-) 1β, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)α, and MUC5AC proteins were estimated by immunoblotting from conjunctival impression cytology specimens. MUC5AC mRNA was quantified as well. The effect of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blockers on tear production and potential differences (PD) of OS were assessed under anesthesia in rabbits with and without surgery.Results.Increase in corneal and conjunctival staining was observed 1 month AE compared to BE. Schirmer tests failed to show decrease in tear production. Elevated IL-1β, and TNF-α, 1 month AE indicated inflammation. MUC5AC expression was elevated 1 month AE. ENaC blockers did not improve tear production in rabbit eyes AE but characteristic changes in PD were observed in rabbits with surgery.Conclusions.DE biomarkers are important tools for OS assessment and MUC5AC expression is elevated in rabbit DE. PD measurement revealed significant electrophysiological changes in rabbits with surgery.

The effects of selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors on endothelin-1-induced fever in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. R671-R677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline S. C. Fabricio ◽  
Fabiane H. Veiga ◽  
Rodrigo Cristofoletti ◽  
Pierluigi Navarra ◽  
Gloria E. P. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Pentobarbital Sodium ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors ◽  
Conscious Animals

It was previously shown that sustained fever can be induced in rats by central injection of endothelin-1 (ET-1). This peptide appears to participate in the mechanism(s) of LPS-induced fever, which is reduced by pretreatments with ETB receptor antagonists. In this study, we compared the effects of a nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, indomethacin, with those of two selective COX-2 inhibitors, celecoxib and lumiracoxib, on ET-1-induced fever in rats. Fever induced in conscious animals by ET-1 (1 pmol icv) or LPS (5 μg/kg iv) was prevented by pretreatments with celecoxib (5 and 10 mg/kg) or lumiracoxib (5 mg/kg) given by oral gavage 1 h before stimuli. Lower doses of celecoxib had partial (2.5 mg/kg) or no effect (1 mg/kg). Indomethacin (2 mg/kg ip) partially inhibited fever induced by LPS but had no effect on ET-1-induced fever. The levels of PGE2 and PGF2α in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats were significantly increased 3 h after the injection of LPS or ET-1. The latter increase was abolished by celecoxib at all tested doses and by indomethacin. In conclusion, selective COX-2 inhibitors were able to prevent ET-1-induced fever, indicating a role for COX-2 in this phenomenon. However, the fact that reduced CSF PG levels obtained with indomethacin and a low dose of celecoxib are not accompanied by changes in fever induced by ET-1, along with the lack of inhibitory effects of indomethacin on ET-1 fever, suggests that the latter might also involve COX-2-independent mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Effect of Buddleja officinalis Maxim Eye Drops on Morphology and Apoptosis in Lacrimal Gland of Experimental Dry Eye Rabbit Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Genyan Qin ◽  
Yasha Zhou ◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Youwei Zhang ◽  
Xiaofang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Lacrimal Glands ◽  
Eye Model

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops on morphology and apoptosis in lacrimal glands of the experimental dry eye rabbit model. A total of thirty-six male rabbits were divided into six study groups, consisting of the control group and the dry eye rabbit model group (without any treatment), the dry eye rabbit model group treated with testosterone, and the dry eye rabbit model group treated with different concentrations of Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops (1.0 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml and 3.0 mg/ml). The lacrimal glands were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops can improve the morphological structure of the lacrimal gland in the dry eye model of castrated rabbits. The average optical density values of PI3K, Akt, and caspase-9 protein in the lacrimal gland tissue of the 3 mg/ml Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops group were significantly different from those in the model group (P<0.01) and similar to the testosterone control group and the control group (P>0.05). Buddleja officinalis Maxim eye drops can improve the morphological structure of the lacrimal gland in the dry eye model of castrated rabbits.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Rabbit Dry Eye Model Induced by Topical Instillation of Benzalkonium Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carlos Carpena-Torres ◽  
Jesús Pintor ◽  
María Jesús Pérez de Lara ◽  
Fernando Huete-Toral ◽  
Almudena Crooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽  
Tear Secretion ◽  
Eye Model ◽  
Breakup Time ◽  
Corneal Staining

Purpose. To optimize a rabbit dry eye model induced by topical instillation of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), reduce the days of instillation of the original model by increasing the concentration of BAC from 0.1% to 0.2%. Materials and Methods. An experimental, prospective, and randomized study was performed on 10 male New Zealand white rabbits, divided into two groups, considering both eyes: 5 rabbits as control (n = 10) and 5 rabbits with 0.2% BAC treatment (n = 10). Saline solution (control) and 0.2% BAC were instilled for 5 consecutive days, twice daily. Tear secretion with and without anesthesia, tear breakup time, tear osmolarity, corneal staining, conjunctival hyperemia, density of goblet cells, height of mucin cloud, and transcript levels of IL-6 were measured before and after the treatment. Results. After the instillation of 0.2% BAC for 5 consecutive days, there was a significant increase in tear secretion without anesthesia P<0.001, corneal staining P<0.001, conjunctival hyperemia P<0.001, and levels of IL-6 mRNA P=0.005 compared to the control group. Conversely, there was a decrease in tear secretion with anesthesia P<0.001, tear breakup time P=0.007, tear osmolarity P<0.001, density of goblet cells P<0.001, and height of mucin cloud P<0.001. Conclusions. The topical instillation of 0.2% BAC for 5 consecutive days, twice daily, was a proper procedure to induce a rabbit dry eye model, reducing the number of days of instillation compared to the original model (14 days).

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