scholarly journals Results of monitoring of the population of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei in Latvia in 2009-2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Inese Kokina ◽  
Isaak Rashal
Keyword(s):  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Barley Powdery Mildew ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
North Western ◽  
High Diversity

Results of monitoring of the population ofBlumeria graminisf.sp.hordeiin Latvia in 2009-2010In 2009-2010, random samples of the causal agent of barley powdery mildew were collected in Daugavpils (south-eastern Latvia, Latgale region), Stende (north-western Latvia, Kurzeme region) and Priekuļi (north-eastern Latvia, Vidzeme region). Virulence frequency, complexity and pathotypes were calculated in the pathogen populations. Significant differences of virulence detected by the genesVa1, Va3and Va13occurred among samples of the pathogen population collected in different parts of Latvia. Nei index, Müller's index, Kosman index, Shannon index and Simpson index showed considerably higher diversity in Daugavpils and Stende during 2009-2010. In Daugavpils, the population ofBlumeria graminisf.sp.hordei was particularly characterised by high diversity.

scholarly journals PHYTOSOCIOLOGY AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF WOODY REGENERATION FROM A REFORESTATION WITH NATIVE SPECIES IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Anderson Almeida Colmanetti ◽  
Luiz Mauro Barbosa ◽  
Regina Tomoko Shirasuna ◽  
Hilton Thadeu Zarate do Couto
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
High Diversity

ABSTRACT In Brazil, specifically in São Paulo State, there are guidelines based on the high diversity of tropical forests that instructs the restoration projects in the state (current SMA 32/2014). The main goal of this study was verify the importance and effectiveness of the high diversity of arboreal species originated from a reforestation, and its influence in a woody regenerating composition. We developed a phytosociologic study in a woody regenerating stratum of a nine year old reforestation at a Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN), in Mogi-Guaçu, São Paulo State. All specimens with height > 30 cm and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) < 5 cm were evaluated. The woody regenerating diversity was smaller than the overstory diversity and the species composition was similar to the overstory. The Simpson index (1-D) was 0.85, Shannon index (H') was 2.46 and the Pielou index (J') was 0.60. The zoochoric dispersion syndrome was major among the species. Our results suggest that the use of high diversity of native seedlings in a reforestation leads to high diversity of species in woody regeneration stratum, after one decade of planting.

scholarly journals A Review of Recently Discovered Remains of the Pleistocene Branchiopods (Anostraca, Notostraca) from NE Siberia and Arctic Canada

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
D. Christopher Rogers ◽  
Anton A. Zharov ◽  
Anna N. Neretina ◽  
Svetlana A. Kuzmina ◽  
Alexey A. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Western North America ◽  
Temporary Wetlands ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Large Mammal ◽  
Large Branchiopods ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western ◽  
Large Branchiopod

In this study, we examine, identify, and discuss fossil remains of large branchiopod crustaceans collected from six sites across the Beringian region (north-eastern Asia and north-western North America). Eggs and mandibles from Anostraca and Notostraca, as well as a notostracan telson fragment and a possible notostracan second maxilla, were collected from both paleosediment samples and also from large mammal hair. The remains of large branchiopods and other species that are limited to seasonally astatic aquatic habitats (temporary wetlands) could be useful indicator organisms of paleoecological conditions. Different recent large branchiopod species have very different ecological preferences, with each species limited to specific geochemical component tolerance ranges regarding various salinity, cation, and gypsum concentrations. Our purpose is to bring the potential usefulness of these common fossil organisms to the attention of paleoecologists.

scholarly journals Dissimilarity of barley powdery mildew resistances Lomerit and Heils Hanna

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Japanese Isolate ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Reaction Type ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Powdery Mildew ◽  
Old Japanese

&nbsp; The resistance Heils Hanna (HH) was postulated in several tens of 471 previously tested winter barley cultivars. In this paper, new tests on 29 of these cultivars are reported. Thirty-two reference isolates of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei held in the pathogen genebank at the Agricultural Research Institute in Kromeriz, Ltd. including a Japanese isolate and five Israeli isolates were used for response tests. However, the resistance HH conferred by the gene Mla8 and herein characterised by reaction type 0 to an old Japanese isolate known as Race I was now postulated only in four cultivars. In the other 25 cultivars another resistance, characterised by reaction type 0 to Race I and also to two Israeli isolates, was detected. In addition to the two mentioned resistances, eight known (Bw, Dr2, Ha, IM9, Ln, Lv, Ra and Sp) resistances were found in the set examined. Lomerit was the only registered cultivar tested here in which the newly detected resistance was present alone, therefore, it is recommended that this resistance be designated Lo.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical potential of Ficus roxburghii an underutilized fruit of Sikkim Himalayas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 876-880
Author(s):  
Yamuna Pandey ◽  
S. Upadhyay ◽  
S. Manivannan ◽  
L. Sharma ◽  
S.S. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Western Himalayan Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

Ficus roxburghii, “Elephant ear fig “or wild fig is one of very popular fruits found growing wild in the hills of North Eastern and North Western Himalayan region. The fruit of wild fig has also been used as medicine by the tribal people of Sikkim and other states of India. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted at Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, Sikkim to access the different nutraceuticals properties as nutritional constituent like protein, fat, fibre, carbohydrate and energy value, mineral content viz.Ca, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Co, Mo, Fe, Mn and phytochemical content such as total phenols, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin and total carotenoids of F. roxburghii. The results of present study revealed that fruit of F. roxburghii contains significant amount of nutritional, mineral and phytochemical properties viz. protein (3.00±0.06%), fat (0.13±0.04%), fibre (3.06±0.02%), carbohydrate (90.81±0.44 %), energy value (376.45±1.44), Ca (23.69 ± 1.7), Mg  (73.09 ± 2.1), K (819.64 ± 12.54), Mo (0.58 ±  0.06), Na (6.73 ± 1.2), Zn (0.34 ± 0.10). Fe (26.55 ± 2.8), Cu (4.22 ± 0.20), Mn (7.11 ± 0.11), total phenols (4.13±0.52 mg GAE/ G), total flavonoid (3.10±0.09 mg GAE/ G), ascorbic acid (3.36±0.27 mg GAE/ G), anthocyanin (1.13±0.15 mg GAE/ G) and total carotenoids (0.68±0.10 mg GAE/ G). It may be concluded that the fruit of F. roxburghiiis rich in nutraceuticals and must be incorporated in our balanced diet.

Active-middle alignment and the aoristic drift

2020 ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
Delia Bentley
Keyword(s):  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

In the classification of Romance along a northern–southern continuum the languages which exhibit patterns of active-middle alignment (notably, the HABERE ~ ESSE alternation in the perfect) are also known to have undergone the aoristic drift. This article starts from Smith’s (2016) observation that the north-western oïl varieties have maintained the preterite, while also alternating the two auxiliaries, whereas the north-eastern oïl varieties have lost the HABERE ~ ESSE alternation and undergone the aoristic drift. It is argued that the developments which have occurred in the north-western varieties are not theoretically challenging or unique within the Romània. With respect to the generalization of habere in the north-eastern areas and, less conspicuously, throughout Gallo-Romance, it is claimed that this development was engendered by the rise of a dependent-marking system which follows undifferentiated nominative alignment. It is concluded that the modern Romània exhibits a stronghold of active-middle alignment in a group of central languages, which are essentially head marking.

The genus Dolichopoda in Greece. A description of new species from the Ionian Regions and Peloponnisos (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1923 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAURO RAMPINI ◽  
CLAUDIO DI RUSSO ◽  
FRANCESCA PAVESI ◽  
MARINA COBOLLI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Western Greece ◽  
High Diversity

Description of five new Dolichopoda species from the Ionian area of Western Greece together with a description of the female for D. pavesii from Kefalonia island and the male of D. dalensi from North-eastern Peloponnisos are reported. Considering the other 6 species already documented in the area (including the North of the Peloponnisos), there is now a total of 11 recorded species of Dolichopoda which currently inhabit the underground areas of this zone. These new data, therefore, help better define the already high diversity of the genus in the Hellenic region (25 species in all) reinforcing the hypothesis that there was a central area of dispersion of the Dolichopoda in the ancient Aegean plate.

Rediscovery of the Tasmanian Grasshopper Schayera-Baiulus (Orthoptera, Acrididae) in the Field

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHL Key
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

Two nymphs of the rare Tasmanian grasshopper Schayera baiulus (Erichson), a male and a female, have been discovered in the north-eastern and north-western corners of Tasmania respectively, thus confirming its Tasmanian provenance and suggesting a former wide distribution across the north of the island. The nymphs are described and figured. The female was reared to maturity and the adult genitalia described. The very different environments at the two capture localities are documented. The problems involved in defining the habitat requirements and securing the survival of the species are discussed.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Play an Essential Role in the Antidiabetic Effects of Rhein

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruifeng Wang ◽  
Pu Zang ◽  
Junxiu Chen ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Zhouqin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

It is clear that the gut microbiota can affect host metabolism and alterations of the gut microbiota can link with metabolic disease. Rhein has been used in traditional Chinese medicine with putative antidiabetic effects. Here we show that oral administration of rhein for 6 weeks can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (8.30 ± 4.52 mmol/l versus 18.89 ± 6.06 mmol/l, p < 0.01), elevate the active glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) level (22.21 ± 2.61 pmol/l verss 14.46 ± 5.22 pmol/l, p < 0.05), and increase the number of L-cells in the terminal ileum. The antidiabetic effect of rhein is abrogated in db/db mice treated with rhein in combination with broad-spectrum antibiotics. We observed that the abundance of the Bacteroidetes is increased in mice treated with rhein (0.361±0.022 versus 0.185 ± 0.055, p < 0.05,). In addition, there is no significant difference in diversity between rhein-treated groups and the controls (Shannon index: p = 0.88; Simpson index: p = 0.86). Taken together, our results indicate that modulation of the gut microbiota may play an essential role in the antidiabetic effects of rhein.

scholarly journals Grafting for Disease Resistance

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. King ◽  
Angela R. Davis ◽  
Wenge Liu ◽  
Amnon Levi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Soilborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Soil Fumigant ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Future ◽  
Microbial Environment ◽  
Pathogen Populations

The primary purpose of grafting vegetables worldwide has been to provide resistance to soilborne diseases. The potential loss of methyl bromide as a soil fumigant combined with pathogen resistance to commonly used pesticides will make resistance to soilborne pathogens even more important in the future. The major disease problems addressed by grafting include fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, verticillium wilt, monosporascus root rot, and nematodes. Grafting has also been shown in some instances to increase tolerance to foliar fungal diseases, viruses, and insects. If the area devoted to grafting increases in the future, there will likely be a shift in the soil microbial environment that could lead to the development of new diseases or changes in the pathogen population of current diseases. This shift in pathogen populations could lead to the development of new diseases or the re-emergence of previously controlled diseases. Although grafting has been demonstrated to control many common diseases, the ultimate success will likely depend on how well we monitor for changes in pathogen populations and other unexpected consequences.

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